Šio tiriamojo darbo tikslas buvo įvertinti Radviliškio girininkijoje aptiktas upinio bebro (Castor fiber) populiacijas. Tyrimas atliktas 2012 - 2013 metais. Pirmiausia tyrimo metu buvo renkama informacija apie Radviliškio girininkijoje, Linkaičių miško teritorijoje, esančiuose melioracijos grioviuose, įsikūrusias bebravietes, jų gausumą. Taip pat tyrimo eigoje nustatytas bebrų skaičius kiekvienoje aptiktoje bebravietėje. Nustatyta bebrų gyvenamoji aplinka, mitybos įpročiai bei jų padaroma žala miškui. / The aim of this research was to evaluate the detected Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) population in Radviliškis forestry. The study was accomplished in the year of 2012 - 2013. In the beginning of the study was collected information about the beaver lodges at drainage ditches in Linkaičiai forest teritory, Raviliškis forestry. Also during the investigation was detecded number of the beavers in each beaver lodge.

The Cody Complex is a late Paleo-Indian complex found throughout the Great Plains of North America. In Saskatchewan, material of the complex is mostly found as surface finds and therefore out of its original context. In situ Cody Complex material has only been recovered from three excavated sites in Saskatchewan. While various archaeologists (professional and avocational) have collected and recorded Cody material from surface finds throughout the province, the results of their efforst have not been widely disseminated. These issues have led to a situation in which little is known about the Cody Complex in Saskatchewan. This thesis attempts to begin correcting this problem, firstly by acting as a reference source by compiling as much information as possible on the Cody Complex material found throughout Saskatchewan. Included in these reference materials are pictures, measurements and find locations of the projectile points and Cody knives whenever such information is available. Secondly an attempt is made to determine possible Cody Complex mobility and landuse patterns within the province. Mobility and landuse patterns were determined based on the lithic material types used to make the Cody Complex projectile points and Cody knives. In particular the find locations of various specimens was compared to where the material could be acquired. Cody Complex projectile points and the associated knives were focused on due to most Cody Complex material in the province being surface collected. Based on the lithic types used to create these tools, the Cody Complex people in Saskatchewan were practicing a highly mobile and non-local landuse pattern, with a particular focus of interactions with more southern areas such as the Knife River Flint quarry area of North Dakota.

Baigiamajame darbe tiriama bebrų įtaka VĮ Vilniaus miškų urėdijos medynams. Darbo objektas – Vilniaus miškų urėdijos girininkijų miškuose esanti bebrų populiacija ir jų įtaka aplinkai. Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti ir įvertinti bebrų įtaką medynams VĮ Vilniaus miškų urėdijos miškuose. Tikslui įgyvendinti buvo iškelti tokie uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti bebrų gausą ir tankį Vilniaus urėdijos miškuose. 2. Nustatyti bebraviečių pasiskirstymą urėdijos girininkijų miškuose. 3. Įvertinti bebrų poveikį medynams. Darbo metodai – literatūros analizė, bebraviečių įvertinimas, bebrų veiklos žymių analizė – fotofiksacija. Naudojama kartografinė medžiaga, miškotvarkos duomenys, atliekama bebrų apskaita, vertinamas poveikis medynams. Išsamesni bebrų populiacijos būklės ir veiklos tyrimai atlikti VĮ Vilniaus miškų urėdijos dvylikos girininkijų teritorijose 2012 – 2014 metų rudenį, žiemą ir pavasarį. Pirminiai duomenys apie bebraviečių išsidėstymą, klasifikaciją, įtaką aplinkai buvo renkami iš miškininkų bei miškotvarkos pateiktos informacijos. Tai buvo tikslinama natūroje, ieškomos naujos bebravietės. Darbo rezultatai. Atlikus tyrimą nustatyta, kad Vilniaus urėdijos miškuose yra 67 bebravietės. Apie du trečdalius bebrų šeimų įkuria naikintinas bebravietes melioracijos kanaluose, pelkėse – ketvirtadalis toleruotinų bebraviečių, o likusios – upelių ir upės šlaituose. Dėl bebrų veiklos urėdijos urėdijos miškuose medienos nuostoliai per penkerius metus sudarė 121,1 tūkst. litų. Vienos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In the research the influence of beaver activity on forest stands in Vilnius State Forest Enterprise is analyzed. The subjekt of research – beaver population living in the forests of Vilnius State Forest Enterprise and its influence on the environment. The aim of the research – to analyze and evaluate the influence of beaver activity on forest stands in the forests of Vilnius State Forest Enterprise. The achieve the aim, the following tasks were raised: 1. To determine the abundance and density of beaver population in the forests of Vilnius State Forest Enterprise. 2. To ascertain the distribution of beaver lodges in the forests og the enterprise. 3. To assess the influence of beaver activity on forest stands. Methodology – analyzis of literature, assessment of beaver lodges, analysis of beaver activity signs, photofixation. Cartographic material is used along with forest inventory data, account of beaver population is conducted and its influence on the environment is evaluated. A more dateiled research of beaver population and its activity on the territory of twelve forest districts in Vilnius State Forest Enterprise were carried out in autumn, winter and spring of the years 2012 – 2014. Primary data on the location of beaver lodges, classification, influence on the environment were collected based on information provided by foresters and forest inventory. It was specified in nature, looking also for new lodges. Results. The research has shown that in the Vilnius State... [to full text]

In the boreal forests of northeastern Alberta and northwestern Saskatchewan, one of the most abundant and reliable sources of lithic material was the Quarry of the Ancestors. This Quarry is located 50 km northwest of Ft. McMurray, AB and is the primary source of Beaver River Sandstone; a lithic raw material that dominates the archaeological stone tool and debitage assemblages in this region. Other lithic materials, such as quartzite, chert, and quartz, were accessible in gravel and glacial tills and in lakeshore and river beds scattered across northern Alberta and Saskatchewan. The analysis of stone tools from 31 archaeological sites spanning 260 km from the Quarry into the Descharme River system, in northwestern Saskatchewan, suggests that as pre-contact people moved across the landscape and away from the Quarry, they maintained and recycled their tools and used whatever other lithic resources were available. In contexts where there were issues with the availability, quality and abundance of lithic raw materials, the mobility of pre-contact hunter-gatherers may have been strongly influenced by the distribution of these lithic sources. However, the availability of food resources may have also been a strong influence over mobility patterns in circumstances where these lithic raw material issues were less marked. Northern Dene groups of this region are known to have travelled hundreds of kilometers seasonally following barren-ground caribou whose wintering grounds extended well into northwestern Saskatchewan. Through the distribution of lithic raw material and the analysis of lithic tool technology, I explore the role these two important resources had in shaping the overall organization of pre-contact hunter-gatherer mobility strategies employed in these two regions.

Darbas atliktas 2013 - 2014 metais. Darbo apimtis 48 psl. Pateiktos 8 lentelės, 7 paveikslai. Šio darbo tikslas buvo įvertinti bebrienos mitybinę vertę, nustatyti mėsos kokybę ir atlikti palyginamąjį vertinimą su įvairių gyvūnų mėsa. Iškelti darbo uždaviniai - surinkti mokslinę literatūrą apie bebrienos mitybinę vertę, mėsos kokybės nustatymą ir įvairių gyvūnų mėsos rodiklius. Palyginti bebrienos mėsos rodiklius, vertę su įvairių rūšių gyvūnų mėsa. 2013 - 2014 buvo renkami bebrienos individai, nustatoma mėsos kokybė. Tyrimai atlikti naudojant 4 bebrienos išilginio nugaros raumens mėginius. Tyrimo rezultatų biometriniai duomenys apdoroti kompiuterine Excel programa, apskaičiuotas patikimumas ir padarytos išvados. Darbo rezultatai – iš bebrienos fizinių ir cheminių mėsos rodiklių tyrimo rezultatų nustatyta, kad mėginių pH visuose mėginiuose nustatytas normos ribose (5,8 pH). Patelės mėsos spalvingumo koeficientas didesnis nei patinų. Patelės mėsa pasižymi didžiausiu spalvingumu (šviesumu - 37,58, rausvumu – 21,72, gelsvumu – 7,85). Bebrienos vandeningumas, vandens rišlumo geba priklauso nuo laukinio žvėries lyties, amžiaus, mitybos ir kitų faktorių. Patelės vandens rišlumo geba (2 %) mažesnė nei patinų, todėl patinų mėsa labiau tinkama technologiniam apdorojimui, tinkamesnė gaminti aukštos kokybės gaminius. Patelės mėsa yra vertingesnė, kadangi virimo metu patiriami mažesni nuostoliai. 1.34 % mažiau nei patinų. Patinų mėsa yra minkštesnė, todėl ji yra skanesnė, lengviau... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The work was carried out in years 2013-2014. The final paper work consists of 48 pages and is presented in 8 tables and 7 figures. The aim was to assess the nutritional value of the beaver, to set the quality of meat and to make the comparative assessment with different kinds of meat. The goals - to gather the scientific literature about beaver nutritional value, meat quality findings and characteristics of various animals’ meat. Also, to compare indicators and value of beaver meat with various types of other meat. The selection of beaver individuals and determination of the quality of the meat was held in years 2013-2014. Investigations were carried out by using samples of 4 beaver longitudinal dorsal muscles. The results of the biometric data were processed in MS Excel, the estimations of reliability and conclusions were made. The results – from physical and chemical parameters of the beaver meat it was identified that the pH of all samples were in a normal range (5,8 pH). Moreover, the index of Females’ meat was greater than males’. As well as females’ meat consists of higher range of colours (brightness - 37.58, pinkness - 21.72, yellowness - 7.85). Furthermore, average water holding capacity index was identified to be - 63.77 %. The results showed that beaver drip, water holding capacity depends on wild animals’ gender, age, nourishment and other factors. Females’ water holding capacity comparing to males’ was (2 %) smaller, as a result males’ meat is more suitable for... [to full text]

Project (D. Min.)--Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, 1983. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 266-271).

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005 / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 138 p. : ill. (some col.), col. map. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-85).

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 89 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-81).

656 pages / Livestock grazing and beaver trapping alter streams hydrologically and geomorphically leading to declines in the quality and extent of stream-riparian ecosystems. The influence of reductions in grazing pressure and fluctuating levels of beaver activity (treatments) on channel capacity was studied at I 08 channel cross-sections, located on eight headwater streams in Montana and Arizona. Cross-sections were surveyed two or three times over a two-to-five year period to determine annual rates of change as a function of treatment. Most cross-sections in the cattle and elk exclosures and grazed areas showed minimal changes in area(< 10 percent). Large decreases in cross-section area were observed in reaches with intact beaver dams, especially near the dams. The beaver ponds reduced channel capacity between 50 to I 00% in most reaches, compared to< 25% in reaches without beaver ponds. The ponds effectively restored the hydrologic connection between the stream and valley floor in less than one year. Upon dam failure, channel capacity increased within a year by 40 percent or more as the ponds drained and sediment eroded. A conceptual model describing geomorphic and hydrologic response of a drainage basin to the entry of beavers and then their removal or abandonment was developed, based on a literature review and field data. The model suggests that the simultaneous existence of discontinuous arroyos and wetlands, observed by Euro-American expeditions to the Southwest prior to settlement, may in fact reflect landscapes transforming due to recent beaver trapping rather than a recent climate shift. Beaver-dam failures would trigger channelization and thus greater flood magnitudes as water was more rapidly routed from upper to lower watersheds. The study suggests that Euro-American trapping and grazing, though temporally and spatially separated, combined with two recent periods of above-average precipitation to transform drainage networks in the West and increase stream ecosystem sensitivity to climatic variability. This transformation pre-dates the installation of stream gages and the data collection that forms the current basis of our understanding hydraulic geometry and fluvial processes. Consequently, current hydraulic geometry relationships and our understanding of stream sensitivity to climatic variability reflect highly disturbed watersheds and ecosystems, not intact systems. / Version has slight corrections to the original by the author, as specified in separately attached file Corrections_to_Fouty_2003_PhD_20181810.pdf

Just as the carbon dioxide observations that form the Keeling curve revolutionized the study of the global carbon cycle, free and open access to all available Landsat imagery is fundamentally changing how the Landsat record is being used to study ecosystems and ecological dynamics. This dissertation advances the use of Landsat time series for visualization, classification, and detection of changes in terrestrial ecological processes. More specifically, it includes new examples of how complex ecological patterns manifest in time series of Landsat observations, as well as novel approaches for detecting and quantifying these patterns. Exploration of the complexity of spectral-temporal patterns in the Landsat record reveals both seasonal variability and longer-term trajectories difficult to characterize using conventional bi-temporal or even annual observations. These examples provide empirical evidence of hypothetical ecosystem response functions proposed by Kennedy et al. (2014). Quantifying observed seasonal and phenological differences in the spectral reflectance of Massachusetts’ forest communities by combining existing harmonic curve fitting and phenology detection algorithms produces stable feature sets that consistently out-performed more traditional approaches for detailed forest type classification. This study addresses the current lack of species-level forest data at Landsat resolutions, demonstrating the advantages of spectral-temporal features as classification inputs. Development of a targeted change detection method using transformations of time series data improves spatial and temporal information on the occurrence of flood events in landscapes actively modified by recovering North American beaver (Castor canadensis) populations. These results indicate the utility of the Landsat record for the study of species-habitat relationships, even in complex wetland environments. Overall, this dissertation confirms the value of the Landsat archive as a continuous record of terrestrial ecosystem state and dynamics. Given the global coverage of remote sensing datasets, the time series visualization and analysis approaches presented here can be extended to other areas. These approaches will also be improved by more frequent collection of moderate resolution imagery, as planned by the Landsat and Sentinel-2 programs. In the modern era of global environmental change, use of the Landsat spectral-temporal domain presents new and exciting opportunities for the long-term large-scale study of ecosystem extent, composition, condition, and change.