The problems of achieving high detection rate with low false alarm rate for human detection and tracking in video sequence, performance scalability, and improving response time are addressed in this thesis. The underlying causes are the effect of scene complexity, human-to-human interactions, scale changes, and scene background-human interactions. A two-stage processing solution, namely, human detection, and human tracking with two novel pattern classifiers is presented. Scale independent human detection is achieved by processing in the wavelet domain using square wavelet features. These features used to characterise human silhouettes at different scales are similar to rectangular features used in [Viola 2001]. At the detection stage two detectors are combined to improve detection rate. The first detector is based on shape-outline of humans extracted from the scene using a reduced complexity outline extraction algorithm. A Shape mismatch measure is used to differentiate between the human and the background class. The second detector uses rectangular features as primitives for silhouette description in the wavelet domain. The marginal distribution of features collocated at a particular position on a candidate human (a patch of the image) is used to describe statistically the silhouette. Two similarity measures are computed between a candidate human and the model histograms of human and non human classes. The similarity measure is used to discriminate between the human and the non human class. At the tracking stage, a tracker based on joint probabilistic data association filter (JPDAF) for data association, and motion correspondence is presented. Track clustering is used to reduce hypothesis enumeration complexity. Towards improving response time with increase in frame dimension, scene complexity, and number of channels; a scalable algorithmic architecture and operating accuracy prediction technique is presented. A scheduling strategy for improving the response time and throughput by parallel processing is also presented.

The wavelet Galerkin scheme for the fast solution of boundary integral equations produces approximate solutions within discretization error accuracy offered by the underlying Galerkin method at a computational expense that stays proportional to the number of unknowns. In this paper we present an adaptive version of the scheme which preserves the super-convergence of the Galerkin method.

In this paper we consider the fully discrete wavelet Galerkin scheme for the fast solution of boundary integral equations in three dimensions. It produces approximate solutions within discretization error accuracy offered by the underlying Galerkin method at a computational expense that stays proportional to the number of unknowns. We focus on implementational details of the scheme, in particular on numerical integration of relevant matrix coefficients. We illustrate the proposed algorithms by numerical results.

In this thesis we present some fundamental results regarding orthogonal polynomials and biorthogonal polynomials, the latter defined as in the article "Cauchy Biorthogonal Polynomials", authored by Bertola, Gekhtman, and Szmigielski. We show that total positivity of the kernel can be weakened and how this implies that interlacement for biorthogonal polynomials holds in general. A counterexample is provided showing that in general there does not exist a four-term recurrence relation such as the one found for the Cauchy kernel. As a direct consequence we show that biorthogonal polynomial sequences cannot be considered orthogonal polynomial sequences by an appropriate choice of orthogonality measure. Furthermore, we motivate a conjecture stating that the more general form of interlacement that exists for orthogonal polynomials also exists for biorthogonal polynomials. We end with suggesting some further work that could be of interest.

The wavelet Galerkin scheme for the fast solution of boundary integral equations produces approximate solutions within discretization error accuracy offered by the underlying Galerkin method at a computational expense that stays proportional to the number of unknowns. In this paper we present an adaptive version of the scheme which preserves the super-convergence of the Galerkin method.

In this paper we consider the fully discrete wavelet Galerkin scheme for the fast solution of boundary integral equations in three dimensions. It produces approximate solutions within discretization error accuracy offered by the underlying Galerkin method at a computational expense that stays proportional to the number of unknowns. We focus on implementational details of the scheme, in particular on numerical integration of relevant matrix coefficients. We illustrate the proposed algorithms by numerical results.

In Chapters 1 and 2, we introduce the definition of interpolating refinable function vectors in dimension one and high dimensions, characterize such interpolating refinable function vectors in terms of their masks, and derive their sum rule structure explicitly. We study biorthogonal refinable function vectors from interpolating refinable function vectors. We also study the symmetry property of an interpolating refinable function vector and characterize a symmetric interpolating refinable function vector in any dimension with respect to certain symmetry group in terms of its mask. Examples of interpolating refinable function vectors with some desirable properties, such as orthogonality, symmetry, compact support, and so on, are constructed according to our characterization results. In Chapters 3 and 4, we turn to the study of general matrix extension problems with symmetry for the construction of orthogonal and biorthogonal multiwavelets. We give characterization theorems and develop step-by-step algorithms for matrix extension with symmetry. To illustrate our results, we apply our algorithms to several examples of interpolating refinable function vectors with orthogonality or biorthogonality obtained in Chapter 1. In Chapter 5, we discuss some possible future research topics on the subjects of matrix extension with symmetry in high dimensions and frequency-based non-stationary tight wavelet frames with directionality. We demonstrate that one can construct a frequency-based tight wavelet frame with symmetry and show that directional analysis can be easily achieved under the framework of tight wavelet frames. Potential applications and research directions of such tight wavelet frames with directionality are discussed. / Applied Mathematics

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SANTOS, A. S. L. Problema de Yamabe modificado em variedades compactas de dimensão quatro e métricas críticas do funcional curvatura escalar. 2017. 58 f. Tese (Doutorado em Matemática) – Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2017. / Submitted by Andrea Dantas (pgmat@mat.ufc.br) on 2017-05-25T19:34:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_tese_aslsantos.pdf: 535461 bytes, checksum: 8c3ddbdd33d74c4eb7b265354b3bafb3 (MD5) / Rejected by Rocilda Sales (rocilda@ufc.br), reason: Boa tarde, Eu revisei a Tese de ALEX SANDRO LOPES SANTOS, e encontrei um pequeno erro na capa, ele colocou os seguintes elementos: UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARÁ CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM MATEMÁTICA DOUTORADO EM MATEMÁTICA Mas deve ser alterado para: UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARÁ CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE MATEMÁTICA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM MATEMÁTICA Com os demais elementos da Tese, não há nenhum problema de formatação. Atenciosamente, on 2017-05-26T15:06:03Z (GMT) / Submitted by Andrea Dantas (pgmat@mat.ufc.br) on 2017-05-29T13:47:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_tese_aslsantos.pdf: 536279 bytes, checksum: f37ece7d8035a2d9c788c45d2e7807ae (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rocilda Sales (rocilda@ufc.br) on 2017-05-29T14:08:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_tese_aslsantos.pdf: 536279 bytes, checksum: f37ece7d8035a2d9c788c45d2e7807ae (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-29T14:08:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_tese_aslsantos.pdf: 536279 bytes, checksum: f37ece7d8035a2d9c788c45d2e7807ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-19 / In the fisrt part of this work we investigate the modified Yamabe problem on four-dimensional manifolds whose the modifiers invariants depending on the eigenvalues of the Weyl curvature tensor and they are described in terms of maximum and minimum of the biorthogonal (sectional) curvature. We provide some geometrical and topological properties on four-dimensional manifolds in terms of these invariants. In the second part we investigate the critical points of the total scalar curvature functional restricted to space of metrics with constant scalar curvature of unitary volume, for simplicity CPE metrics. It was conjectured in the 1980’s that every CPE metric must be Einstein. We prove that such a conjecture is true under a second-order vanishing condition on the Weyl tensor. / Na primeira parte deste trabalho investigamos o problema de Yamabe modificado em variedades de dimensão quatro cujos invariantes modificadores dependem dos autovalores do tensor de Weyl e são descritos em termos do máximo e mínimo da curvatura biortogonal (seccional). Fornecemos algumas propriedades geométricas e topológicas para tais variedades em termos destes invariantes. Na segunda parte investigamos os pontos críticos do funcional curvatura escalar total restrito ao espaço de métricas com curvatura escalar constante e volume unitário, abreviadamente chamamos de métricas CPE. Conjecturou-se na década de 1980 que toda métrica CPE deve ser Einstein. Provamos que tal conjectura é verdadeira sob uma condição de nulidade sobre o divergente de segunda ordem do tensor de Weyl.

Neste trabalho consideramos um método de construções genéricas de espaços compactos e dispersos não-metrizáveis, desenvolvido por Baumgartner, Shelah, Rabus, Juhasz e Soukup. Introduzimos novas técnicas e obtemos novas aplicações relevantes tanto para a topologia dos espaços compactos quanto para a geometria dos espaços de Banach de funções contínuas. As novas técnicas dizem respeito a novas amalgamações de condições do forcing que adiciona os espaços dispersos, bem como a generalizações dos argumentos dos autores acima citados de pontos de um espaço compacto K para medidas de Radon sobre K. Como aplicações, obtemos dois novos espaços compactos e dispersos K_1 e K_2, com as propriedades abaixo. K_1 é um espaço hereditariamente separável de peso aleph_1 tal que C(K_1) possui a propriedade (C) de Corson e não possui a propriedade (E) de Efremov. K_2 é o primeiro exemplo de um espaço compacto disperso, hereditariamente separável, de altura omega_2. Segue que o grau de Lindelöf hereditário de K_2 é aleph_2, mostrando a consistência de que hL(K) é estritamente maior que o sucessor de hd(K) para espaços compactos K. C(K_2) é o primeiro exemplo consistente de um espaço de densidade aleph_2 que não possui um sistema biortogonal não-enumerável. / In this work we consider a method of generic constructions of compact scattered non-metrizable spaces developed by Baumgartner, Shelah, Rabus, Juhasz and Soukup. We introduce new techniques and obtain new applications both relevant to topology of compact spaces and the geometry of Banach spaces of continuous functions. The new techniques concern new amalgamations of conditions of forcing which add the dispersed spaces as well as the generalizations of arguments of the above-mentioned authors from points of a compact space K to Radon measures on K. As applications we obtain two compact scattered spaces K_1 and K_2 with the properties below. K_1 is a hereditarily separable space of weight aleph_1 such that C(K_1) has property (C) of Corson and does not have property (E) of Efremov. K_2 is the first (consistent) example of a compact scattered space which is hereditarily separable and whose height is omega_2. It follows that its hereditary Lindelöf degree is aleph_2, showing the consistency of hL(K) can me strictly greater than the successor of hd(K) for compact spaces K. C(K_2) is the first consistent example of a Banach space of density aleph_2 without uncountable biorthogonal systems.