This essay concern the Bona Dea cult and women in the Roman Republic. By using ancient literary sources and inscriptions the different aspects of the cult is examined from a gender and an intersectional perspective. The essay covers the lives and rights of Roman women, their role in religion in general and how they participated in the Bona Dea cult specifically. The aim of the study is to understand the importance of the cult for women, freedmen and slaves, as well as analysing the paradox of letting women participate in rituals and customs otherwise forbidden to them.

Objectives for managing diversity in organizations include reducing lawsuits, responding to changing employee demographics, enhancing image, attracting and retaining a variety of talent, reaching new customer bases, and improving group effectiveness. Diversity management also emphasizes strategies to help retain and promote minority members once they have been hired. One of these ways is through employee network groups. This research adopts a case approach to describing and comparing a Black and a Hispanic employee network group at a United States affiliate of the Fortune Global 100 energy corporation, Summit International. This study applies bona fide group theory and dialectics to examine the complex intergroup relationships that employee network groups have in their organizations. The study offers three key contributions to communication theory. In connection with dialectics, bona fide group theory helped to reveal the multiple units from which group tensions emerge and the complex decisions that group members must make in managing them. The application of bona fide group theory also revealed an unexpected finding: that the network groups were engaged in concertive control with each other through interdependence with the organizational context. The bona fide group theory uncovered these processes because it revealed the norms and expectations that groups formed based on the corporate values regarding diversity.

The majority of established legal systems are predisposed to the express recognition of good faith in contract. The apparent pressure for harmonisation of contract law arising from globalisation and political union will necessitate the Anglo-Commonwealth common law countries addressing their historical resistance to the observance of a general obligation of good faith. Accordingly this thesis appraises whether there is a requirement for a universal doctrine of good faith in New Zealand contractual relationships. The manuscript focuses on a prospective common law doctrine operating primarily as a rule of construction. It identifies the limits of such a judicial doctrine including its probable lack of application to non-contractual dealings and the likely need for a legislative duty if contracting parties are to be precluded from excluding the obligation. The characteristics of the subject doctrine are explored including the potential definition and uses of good faith. Whilst it is shown that good faith serves an important role in contract law, the analysis reveals that there is no current requirement for an express doctrine within New Zealand. The entrenched ‘piecemeal’ approach synonymous with Anglo-New Zealand contract law is not demonstrably deficient when gauged against the reasonable expectations of contracting parties. The current methodology is preferred to a general, unfamiliar and uncertain good faith principle which is likely to be reduced to equate with the existing New Zealand law in any event. Further, duties consonant with good faith may enhance economic efficiency but not in some instances. Good faith is therefore best imposed in specific circumstances rather than as a universal doctrine. Likewise, there is insufficient evidence to suggest that New Zealand is impaired in the international arena due to a lack of good faith despite pressure for New Zealand to accord with widespread overseas practice. The principle is of minimal utility in international trade where commercial certitude is paramount. Although an imperfect exemplar, the unresolved issues pertaining to contractual good faith in domestic American law confirms the identified reservations associated with the subject doctrine.

Consideramos o problema de Cauchy associado à equação de Benjamin-Bona-Mahony em Rn, 1 ≥ n ≥ 3 com dissipação do tipo Burger. Provamos resultados de existência, unicidade e dependência contínua da solução em relação ao dado inicial. Também, obtemos o decaimento da solução nas normas de L2 (Rn.) e H 1 (Rn.) para 1 ≥ n ≥ 3. / Let's consider the Cauchy's problem associated to the Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation in Rn, 1 ≥ n ≥ 3with a burger dissipation. We prove the existence, uniquiness and continuous dependence o f the solution. We analyse the norm decay of the solutions in L2 (Rn) and H1 (Rn) 1 ≥ n ≥ 3.

Consideramos o problema de Cauchy associado à equação de Benjamin-Bona-Mahony em Rn, 1 ≥ n ≥ 3 com dissipação do tipo Burger. Provamos resultados de existência, unicidade e dependência contínua da solução em relação ao dado inicial. Também, obtemos o decaimento da solução nas normas de L2 (Rn.) e H 1 (Rn.) para 1 ≥ n ≥ 3. / Let's consider the Cauchy's problem associated to the Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation in Rn, 1 ≥ n ≥ 3with a burger dissipation. We prove the existence, uniquiness and continuous dependence o f the solution. We analyse the norm decay of the solutions in L2 (Rn) and H1 (Rn) 1 ≥ n ≥ 3.

Consideramos o problema de Cauchy associado à equação de Benjamin-Bona-Mahony em Rn, 1 ≥ n ≥ 3 com dissipação do tipo Burger. Provamos resultados de existência, unicidade e dependência contínua da solução em relação ao dado inicial. Também, obtemos o decaimento da solução nas normas de L2 (Rn.) e H 1 (Rn.) para 1 ≥ n ≥ 3. / Let's consider the Cauchy's problem associated to the Benjamin-Bona-Mahony equation in Rn, 1 ≥ n ≥ 3with a burger dissipation. We prove the existence, uniquiness and continuous dependence o f the solution. We analyse the norm decay of the solutions in L2 (Rn) and H1 (Rn) 1 ≥ n ≥ 3.

En este artículo estudiamos la buena formulación local del problema de valor inicial asociado a un sistema de ecuaciones de Korteweg-de Vries acopladas a través de los efectos dispersivos y no lineales. Utilizando el método de regularización parabólica probamos la existencia y unicidad de solución local, y las estimaciones de Bona-Smith para demostrar la dependencia continua de la solución respecto de los datos iniciales.

Avalynės tinklas „BONA“, priklausantis UAB „Kauno Saulėtekis“, prekiauja įvairia moteriška bei vyriška avalyne. Avalynės parduotuvių tinklas „BONA“ plėtoti savo veiklą pradėjo tik nuo 2004 metų, tačiau praėjus vos trejiems metams vis labiau užsitikrina tvirtą poziciją avalynės rinkoje. Per tuos trejus metus įmonė sugebėjo atidaryti 17 šio tinklo parduotuvių, kurių yra visoje Lietuvoje: Kaune (4 parduotuvės), Vilniuje (3 parduotuvės), Klaipėdoje (2 parduotuvės), Šiauliuose (1 parduotuvė), Plungėje (2 parduotuvės), Panevėžyje (1 parduotuvė), Marijampolėje (1 parduotuvė), Utenoje (2 parduotuvės) ir Radviliškyje (1 parduotuvė). Šio darbo tikslas – parengti avalynės tinklo „BONA“ komunikavimo planą, kuris padidintų tinklo parduotuvių prekės ženklo žinomumą, įvaizdį, leistų išsiskirti iš konkurentų ir sėkmingai konkuruoti Lietuvos rinkoje. Apžvelgus Lietuvos avalynės rinką, buvo atlikta išsami situacijos analizė. Išanalizuota bendra informacija apie avalynės tinklą „BONĄ“, bei aprašyta mažmeninės avalynės prekybos rinka Lietuvoje. Sukaupta informacija apie įmonės didžiausius konkurentus, jų stipriasias bei silpnasias puses. Buvo atlikta S.W.O.T. analizė, kuri padėjo identifikuoti pagrindinę darbo problemą. Avalynės tinklo „BONA“ penkių miestų parduotuvėse (Vilniuje, Kaune, Klaipėdoje, Šiauliuose ir Panevėžyje) buvo atliktas empirinis vartotojų tyrimas, siekiant išsiaiškinti, kokie atributai vartotojui yra svarbiausi perkant avalynę, potencialių ir esamų vartotojų nuomonę apie... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The foot-wear network „BONA“, which belongs to UAB „Kauno Saulėtekis“, is selling diverse female and male foot-wear. It has started to expand its activities only in 2004 but just after three years it continuously ensures a strong position in the market of foot-wear. In those three years the enterprise managed to open 17 shops located in all of Lithuania: in Kaunas (4 shops), in Vilnius (3 shops), in Klaipėda (2 shops), in Šiauliai (1 shop), in Plungė (2 shops), in Panevėžys (1 shops), in Marijampolė (1 shop), Utena (2 shops) and Radviliškis (1 shop). The purpose of this paper is to prepare the communication plan for the foot-wear network „BONA“, which would increase awareness of the trade mark of the network‘s shops, improve their image, which would let differentiate itself from competitors and successfully compete in Lithuanian market. After overlooking the Lithuanian market of foot-wear the detailed analysis of the situation has been made. The general information about the foot-wear network „BONA“ has been analyzed as well as the retail trade of foot-wear in Lithuania. The information about the main competitors of the enterprise, their strengths and weaknesses has been gathered. And S.W.O.T. analysis has been made that helped to identify the main concern of the paper. In order to find out which are the main attributes for buying foot-wear, what is the opinion of the potential and existing consumers about the enterprise and its main competitors there has been carried... [to full text]

En s’interrogeant sur une sentence de Quintus Mucius rapportée par Cicéron(Off. 3.70), cette étude entend montrer qu’au-delà de leur diversité et des évolutions qu’elles ont subies, les actions de bonne foi (iudicia bonae fidei)ont été depuis l’époque républicaine invariablement considérées par la jurisprudence romaine comme des actions fondées sur le ius civile, et non sur le pouvoir de juridiction du préteur, malgré le défaut de prévision législative qui les caractérise ; qu’elles furent initialement, pour l’essentiel d’entre elles,secrétées par le droit propre des citoyens romains, dans le cadre de rapports marqués par une certaine intimité de vie (societas vitae), et non du fait d’exigences liées au commerce avec les pérégrins. Corrélativement, la mention de la bonne foi dans leur formule (clause ex fide bona), loin de représenter le fondement d’un devoir moral ou de l’obligation juridique qu’elles protègent,représente un standard de jugement destiné à amplifier les pouvoirs du juge pour la résolution de ces contentieux rendus délicats par les liens d’affinité sociale fréquents entre les parties au litige. De la vient l’étonnante modernité procédurale de ces formules rédigées de manière diplomatique et euphémique. Ainsi l’opposition romaine entre « droit strict » et bonne foi concerne non pas le fondement de l’action, mais les particularités de l’instance et les pouvoirs du juge. / Actions of good faith (iudicia bonae fidei) have for long been suspected of being initially praetorian actions, which were probably for most of them created by the peregrine praetorship to enforce contracts passed by the strangers (peregrine), so that their material source is good faith (fides bona),expressed in their formula by the clause “ex fide bona”. Our research is an attempt to prove that :a) these actions were already considered as civilian actions in the later Republic, despite the lack of a statutory ground b)their initial scope was to protect typically Roman relationships; c)Thus, the clausulaex fide bona was a simple standard that enlarged the power of the judge and overlapped some of the strict rules of Roman civil procedure, as well as it took place in an euphemistic and diplomatic way of writing formulas, in order to respect the social affinity (societas vitae) between the parties.

Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS) / During this study, the challenges and best practices of youth participation in problem identification, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of programmes were investigated and the effect of project outcomes on the youth and its implications for community development observed. The use of the qualitative research methodology to examine the extent to which the youth are involved in the decision-making processes was employed. In addition, a literature review that pertained to youth development and participatory community development was conducted. In particular, the participatory concept, and its relation to the inclusion of the youth at the decision-making table, was examined. By providing evidence from the empirical data, an argument is presented that there are internal rigidities that are a hindrance to the youth in expressing their voice in the decision-making platform. However, the conclusion can be drawn that in order to understand the process of participatory development, it is crucial for the youth, community development practitioners and other stakeholders to understand the socio-economic conditions surrounding the youth as these will ensure positive programme outcomes as well as subsequent sustainable youth development. / South Africa