Most children born HIV positive live longer and have more healthy lives since the advent of Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART), together with the accessibility of Anti-Retroviral Drugs (ARV) to persons living with HIV. However, some of those children find themselves in need of care due to abandonment, orphanhood and / or neglect. In South Africa such children may enter the formal Child and Youth Care System and be placed in centres such as Epworth Child and Youth Care Centre. Due to the complex nature of the consequences of such disclosure or non-disclosure of HIV positive children’s status to them, social service workers are posed with a dilemma. In the absence of clear guidelines and policy around such disclosure, the children concerned may be unaware of their HIV positive status, despite being on a medication regime. The aim of the study was to explore the perceptions of social service workers regarding disclosure of HIV status to children born HIV positive living at Epworth Child and Youth Care Centre in Lambton, Ekurhuleni, South Africa. The study was located within a qualitative research paradigm, and utilised a purposive stratified sample of 15 social service workers form various occupational groupings recruited from Epworth Child and Youth Care Centre. A semi-structured interview schedule was employed as the research tool, with in-depth one-on-one interviews being adopted as a method of data collection. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data collected during the interviews. The main findings of the study were that HIV status disclosure is viewed as a complex but essential process as it reinforces children’s ability to adhere to medication regimes and to dispel anxiety and suspicion within themselves and around their status; that non-disclosure may lead to poor or coerced adherence and strains the relationship between the children and the social service workers. Disclosure of children’s HIV positive status can be viewed as complex as it presents both positive and the negative. Recommendations relate to community educative and awareness programmes, policy and practice changes regarding disclosure and none disclosure of children’s HIV positive status, as well as future research.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:31:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna Barreto Cunha Souza.pdf: 3951995 bytes, checksum: 0e7347538baf45b2f88a0bfce984e53e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-10 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Care provided to users of psychoactive substances is a complex due to its numerous contradictions and history, which is intertwined with the prohibitionist policy against drug use. Under this perspective, care provided to users has often had a moralistic character, which gives priority to measures of incarceration rather than projects that add value to rescue the user s citizenship and wishes. We know that the understanding of drug use as a public health issue is already a step forward. And, in this context, the Day- Care Centre for Users of Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAPS AD in Portuguese) emerges as a reference device, playing a strategic role in the assistance network. So, this institution was chosen to be approached in this research. We ground on the constructionist perspective because we believe that care to drug user is constructed socially and performed by humans, professionals and managers, and non-humans factors, the environment in which they are received. Our goal was to know how care becomes effective in drug users assistance, proposed by the Health Department: CAPS AD. With this purpose, observations of everyday activities on the device during four months and six interviews with professionals who work in it were made. The survey results suggest that, although AD CAPS III Sé can be well located, have an easy access and an engaged team also critical about the problem of drug consumption, it still presents challenges to be faced, such as its physical structure, the vision that professionals have for assistance network to users, which often prevents efficient care in other devices. There is also the question of the limits that the own activity imposes on professionals who work on CAPS, leaving them exhausted in their daily lives. Despite these difficulties, care becomes effective on that device because its professionals propose strategies that go beyond technique, listening to the users and not judging their behavior in a host perspective and harm reduction / O cuidado aos usuários de substâncias psicoativas é complexo devido a suas inúmeras contradições e por sua história, que se confunde com a política proibicionista de combate às drogas. Sob essa visão repressora, o cuidado oferecido aos usuários muitas vezes tem tido um caráter moralista, que prioriza medidas de reclusão ao invés de projetos que valorizam o resgate a cidadania e desejos do usuário. Sabemos que o entendimento do uso de drogas como questão de saúde pública já é um avanço. E, nesse contexto, o Centro de Atenção Psicossocial para Usuários de Álcool e outras Drogas (CAPS AD) surge como um dispositivo de referência, desempenhando papel estratégico na rede de assistência. Por isso, ele foi escolhido para a realização desta pesquisa. Nos ancoramos na perspectiva construcionista por acreditar que o cuidado ao usuário de drogas é socioconstruído e performado por fatores humanos, como os profissionais e gestores, e não humanos, que integram o ambiente no qual são acolhidos. Nosso objetivo foi conhecer como o cuidado se efetiva em um dispositivo de assistência ao usuário de drogas proposto pelo Ministério da Saúde: o CAPS AD. Para tanto, foram realizadas observações das atividades cotidianas no dispositivo durante quatro meses alternados e seis entrevistas com profissionais que nele atuam. Os resultados da pesquisa sugerem que, apesar de o CAPS AD III Sé ser bem localizado, de acesso fácil e contar com uma equipe engajada e crítica sobre a problemática do consumo de drogas, ele ainda apresenta desafios a serem enfrentados, tais como sua estrutura física e a visão que os profissionais da rede de assistência têm dos usuários, o que muitas vezes impede a efetivação do cuidado em outros dispositivos de atenção. Há ainda a questão dos limites que o próprio trabalho impõe aos profissionais do CAPS, deixando-os esgotados em sua vida cotidiana. Apesar dessas dificuldades, o cuidado se efetiva naquele dispositivo, pois seus profissionais propõem estratégias que vão além da técnica, escutando o usuário e não julgando seu comportamento, em uma perspectiva de acolhimento e redução de danos

Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-07-05T19:54:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KarennBorges.pdf: 702612 bytes, checksum: 41a46f828aba12caca8d1b3a03c9d3a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-05T19:54:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KarennBorges.pdf: 702612 bytes, checksum: 41a46f828aba12caca8d1b3a03c9d3a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-08 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA) / In the field of mental health care has been reoriented towards the hospital - centred model to the extra-hospital care model from the Psychiatric Reform, Psychosocial Rehabilitation Movement and the deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill. In this context, the CAPS assumed the role of service substitutive Authorising care network in mental health. However, in many of these units, this role has not yet been incorporated. Faced with the need to better understand the dynamics of work that leads to mental health care, originated this research. The objectives of this study were to understand the dynamics of mental health care; understand the links with the network of attention to the construction of mental health care and meet the design of care in mental health professionals interviewed. The methodological approach was descriptive and analytical qualitative research conducted with professionals working in mental health in three CAPS-I and a CAPS-II Health Region Pedreiras - MA. Data collection involved semi - structured interviews and focus groups. There was lack of resources, inadequate professional assistance associated with the work process fragmentation and not joint Network and difficult access to services. Conclusion: There was an outpatient, fragmented care emphasis, formed by multidisciplinary teams with little multidisciplinary, and a service that does not articulate the Care Network Health There is great personal investment of most professionals, however, little understanding of the purpose CAPS and how this fits into the network. / No campo da saúde mental, o cuidado tem sido reorientado no sentido do modelo hospitalocêntrico ao modelo de atenção extra-hospitalar a partir da Reforma Psiquiátrica, Movimento de Reabilitação Psicossocial e a desinstitucionalização do doente mental. Nesse contexto, os CAPS assumiram o papel de serviço substitutivo ordenadores da rede de cuidado em saúde mental. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram compreender a dinâmica do cuidado em saúde mental; compreender as articulações com a rede de atenção para a construção do cuidado em saúde mental e conhecer a concepção do cuidado em saúde mental dos profissionais entrevistados. O recurso metodológico foi a pesquisa descritiva e analítica com abordagem qualitativa realizada com profissionais trabalhadores em saúde mental em três CAPS-I e um CAPS-II da Região de Saúde Pedreiras/MA. A coleta de dados foi por meio de questionário estruturado e grupo focal. Foi realizada Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade Análise Temática. Resultados: observou-se escassez de recursos, inadequação da assistência profissional, associada à fragmentação do processo de trabalho, a não articulação em Rede e dificuldade de acesso aos serviços. Conclusão: Observou-se uma ênfase assistencial ambulatorial, fragmentada, formada por equipes multiprofissionais com pouca multidisciplinaridade, e um serviço que não se articula à Rede de Atenção à Saúde. Há grande investimento pessoal da maioria dos profissionais, entretanto, pouca compreensão sobre a finalidade do CAPS e como este se insere na Rede. Sugerimos reorganização do processo de trabalho e mais inclusão do usuário em todo o processo.

La saine alimentation dès le plus jeune âge est essentielle dans la prévention de l’obésité. Pour y arriver, les mesures de promotion doivent être présentes dans tous les milieux fréquentés par l’enfant, incluant le service de garde (SG). C’est d’ailleurs l’un des buts de l’organisme Croquarium avec son programme Un trésor dans mon jardin (UTJ). Objectif. Analyser les perceptions d’intervenantes du milieu de la petite enfance concernant l’implantation et l’impact du programme UTJ sur l’environnement alimentaire des enfants qui y sont exposés. Méthode. Les perceptions des intervenantes en SG et de Croquarium ont été recueillies par le biais d’entretiens semi-dirigés. L’analyse qualitative des données est basée sur une adaptation de la théorie écologique du développement humain de Bronfenbrenner. Résultats. Au total, quatorze entrevues ont été menées. Les répondantes ont perçu des changements dans plusieurs sphères de l’environnement alimentaire, soit dans les activités réalisées avec les enfants et leurs comportements face à l’alimentation, mais aussi au niveau des relations avec les parents. De plus, il semble que les principales barrières à la pérennité d’UTJ soient le manque de temps, une implication déficiente des intervenantes en SG et des ressources financières insuffisantes. Conclusion. Cette étude a permis de mieux comprendre comment est implanté UTJ en SG. Entre autres, il semble que l’arrivée d’UTJ ait modifié positivement l’environnement alimentaire des enfants participants. Toutefois, les données recueillies suggèrent que pour assurer la pérennité du programme en SG, l’implication de tous les acteurs du milieu est nécessaire. / Healthy eating starting during early childhood is essential for obesity prevention. To be successful, its promotion must be done everywhere children evolve, including in child-care settings. This is one of the goals pursued by the organization Croquarium with their program Un trésor dans mon jardin (a treasure in my garden) (UTJ). Objective. To analyse child care providers’ and Croquarium team members’ perceptions of the implementation and impact of UTJ on the food environment of children exposed to this project. Methods. Respondents’ perceptions were obtained by semi-structured interviews. Qualitative analysis of the data was based on an adaptation of Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Social Theory. Results. In the end, fourteen interviews were conducted. Respondents perceived changes in many areas, like in the type of activities realized with children and their behaviours around food, but also in the communications with parents. Furthermore, it seems that the major obstacles of UTJ’s continuity is the lack of time, the lack of involvement from child-care providers and insufficient financial resources. Conclusion. This study gives us a better understanding of how UTJ is implemented in child-care settings. Also, it appears that UTJ has a positive influence on the food environment of participating children. However, data suggest that the involvement of every stakeholder is needed.

This paper aims at therapeutic relationship of adolescents, specifically at therapeutic alliance, which is factor often connected to successful outcome of therapy. The main research goal of this study was to explore therapeutic alliance with adolescents within the Day care centre for adolescents with mental health difficulties and understand how they perceive therapists and their work. The first part of this paper is describing concept of alliance from historical perspective, types of alliance are presented as well as factors on both side of therapeutic process involved in forming of the alliances. Further it presents specifics of alliance in group therapy and in adolescent patients. For research purposes, we chose to use semi structured interview. We were inspired by official tools for measuring this concept. The FIRO-B inventory was added to see, how adolescents form their relations with others, and what do they expect from others in terms of relationships. The purpose for using this tool was to see how their interpersonal orientation could be connected to forming of alliances with therapists. 7 adolescents participated in this study and their data were processed by qualitative approach, specifically by repeating themes analysis. The result of this analysis showed two main categories: "Goals" and...

The curriculum has set new courses, and sparked discussions about educational issues and teaching attitudes. Many parents have made positive comments about it. You too are of course welcome to have a look at the curriculum. The most important factor here is that you maintain good contact with the facility or childminder. Exercise your legal right to help the day-care centres and childminding facilities complete their tasks. The full version of the curriculum is available at www.kita-bildungsserver.de. Redaktionsschluss: 21.12.2017

Recent statistics have shown that Violence Against Women (VAW) affects one in three women worldwide. Not only is the issue prevalent at a global scale, it is embedded in the societal fabric of South Africa. Women and girls disproportionately experience public and private environments as unsafe due to the fear or threat of violence against them. Thus, limiting their movement, use and occupation of space. In essence, such instances of violence infringe upon a women’s human rights. In 1996, two years after South Africa became a democracy, it was necessary to manifest physically through architecture the symbolic significance of South Africa’s Constitution. An opportunity for architectural intervention is identified at the Constitution Hill Precinct. The aim is to make more visible and practical advocacy of women’s rights through establishing an association of the Precinct as a safe space for women. The study, through mixed qualitative methods, explores the feminist notion of safe space to understand safety, as both a practical and social construct, is integral to reflect the lived experiences of women. Design principles to guide the architectural intervention are subsequently synthetized from primarily theoretical informants, followed by conceptual, contextual and programmatic informants. The result is the translation of safe space into an architecture of lived experience; where the threat of fear or violence does not intimidate nor limit the occupation and use of space by women; but fosters spaces of empowerment, healing and upliftment. By programming underutilized in-between spaces along the East-West thoroughfare of the Precinct, through a transformative approach towards heritage, the advocacy for women’s rights is made visible and attains an association as a place where women are received and celebrated. Focus is placed on the Western edge of the Precinct to explore social and public programmes in support of women and the community at large. The existing parking lot structures, identified as lost space, are adapted to reflect an architectural intent of safe space and become spaces of meaning and contribution towards the Precinct. Finally, technical resolution of the project stems from the conceptual intentions of the design intervention; expressing a transformative approach between old and new. / Mini Dissertation (MArch (Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2020. / Architecture / MArch (Prof) / Unrestricted

The aim of this thesis has been to investigate how social workers work with the reunification process at child and youth care centres in South Africa. The intention has been to explore what is important to accomplish a reunification and what challenges the social workers face in the process. A qualitative method was used and included 7 semi-structured interviews with social workers in South Africa. The conducted data was coded and categorized, using an inductive thematic analysis. In this study, the second phase of the ecological systems theory by Bronfenbrenner has been used, which includes the micro-, meso-, exo-, macro- and chrono levels. The theory has served as a framework in the analysis to explain the development of the child. Through the interviews three main fundamental components in the reunification process were distinguished, that overlap. The components are the 90-day assessment period, the time period of placement and the reunification. The time of placement has been categorized into three subthemes including the role of child and parent, the role of social workers and the role of resources. The findings show that the social workers regard the relationship between child and parent, collaboration between the external and CYCC social worker including resources, as crucial factors for reunification. Through the analyses, factors at each level in the ecological systems theory have been identified that affect the reunification process and thereby the child. Consequently, for a reunification to take place efforts need to address several areas around the child. / Syftet med den här studien har varit att undersöka hur socialarbetare arbetar med återföreningsprocessen på boenden för barn och unga i Sydafrika. Intentionen har varit att undersöka vad som är viktigt för att åstadkomma en återförening och vilka utmaningar socialarbetarna står inför i den processen. I studien användes en kvalitativ metod där 7 semistrukturerade intervjuer med socialarbetare i Sydafrika genomfördes digitalt. Den insamlade datan har kodats och kategoriserats med hjälp av en induktiv tematisk analys. I studien har den andra fasen av Bronfenbrenners ekologiska systemteori använts, vilken inkluderar mikro-, meso-, exo-, makro- och krono-nivåerna. Teorin har fungerat som ett ramverk i analysen för att förklara ett barns utveckling. Genom intervjuerna urskildes tre grundläggande komponenter i återföreningsprocessen, vilka överlappar varandra. Komponenterna som urskildes är den 90 dagar långa bedömningsperioden, den tidsperiod som ett barn är placerat på ett boende samt själva återföreningen. Den tidsperiod som ett barn är placerat på ett boende har kategoriserats i tre underteman, vilka består av barnens och föräldrarnas roll, socialarbetarnas roll och resursernas roll. Resultaten visar att socialarbetarna betraktar förhållandet mellan barn och förälder, samarbetet mellan de externa socialarbetarna och socialarbetarna på barn- och ungdomsboendena samt resurser som avgörande faktorer för att en återförening ska ske. Analysen i den här studien visar att faktorer på varje nivå i den ekologiska systemteorin påverkar återföreningsprocessen och därmed barnet. För att möjliggöra en återförening måste därför det sociala arbetet inriktas på flera områden runt barnet.

This ethnography was undertaken in an AIDS hospice with the objective of understanding the functioning of the Centre holistically, including the experiences of the patients and the role of the Centre in the fight against HIV/AIDS. Organisational anthropology in a clinical setting involved gaining entry and rapport with the staff and patients. The methodology included interviewing and observation. The personnel structure and leadership of the Centre were explored, revealing communication, power and management relations that shape the organisational culture. The staff’s attitude towards their jobs and their commitment to assisting those suffering from AIDS revealed the underpinnings of the organisation. The care that patients receive at the Centre was examined along with adoption of the children and the effects of stigmatisation surrounding HIV/AIDS and its impact on patients and their families. The meaning of illness for patients and their sick role as well as the impact of death from HIV/AIDS are exposed. / Anthropology and Archaeology / M.A. (Anthropology)

The thesis focuses on the activity of an educational care centre as an institution which provides services for children who show negative signs in their behaviours and prone to develop behavioural disorders, as well as for their families. The centre also offers help to clients of a children and youth curator, whose role, as part of providing social and legal protection, is mentioned in the first chapter. In addition, attention is given to basic principles of a multidisciplinary cooperation and rehabilitation of a family. Another part describes the activity of the centre, an organisation providing preventive educational care for clients, and specific services of the centre. In the practical part the centre activity is portrayed by children and youth curators. The objective of the thesis is to evaluate the benefits of the educational care centre from the point of view of an OSPOD (a government body for social and legal protection of children) employee and asses what opportunities the centre offers when preventing institutional care and as part of rehabilitation of a family with a child who has behavioural issues.