In the context of increasing nursing labor shortages around the world, the Philippines has become a major producer and exporter of nurses, with 85 percent of employed Filipino nurses working outside of the Philippines. Based on 12 months of ethnographic research in a provincial center for nursing education and healthcare in Northern Luzon, Philippines, I utilize a global nurse care chain (Yeates 2004a, 2009a) framework to explore transnational nurse migration out of the Philippines through the experiences of nurses, nursing students, their families and other stakeholders in nurse production and migration. As a more local GNCC analysis, the present study traces the production and provision of nursing care labor through the family and local and transnational household, to formal training and nursing experiences in educational and health institutions, and through other encounters with state, private, and international agencies that facilitate and shape the experiences and subjectivities of migrant nurses. Chapter 2 traces the relationship between the production and migration industries and between these industries and the state, exploring the ways that both the healthcare landscape and experiences of new nursing graduates (as consumers and laborers) has been shaped by migration booms and busts. Chapters 3 and 4 examine the household as a site of nurse production and the role of the household's moral economy and structures of feeling (Williams 1977). In Chapter 3, I examine nursing students' narratives of choice in the decision to study nursing and argue that obligation to family and reciprocal financial and emotional relationships underlie nurse production. In Chapter 4, I explore the ways that nurses and students imagine their future lives and identities as migrant nurses, illustrating how subjectivities are shaped by a legacy of transnational migration, imagination, and family moral economy. In Chapter 5, I use the narrative of a returned migrant nurse to illustrate the long-term impacts of past and temporary migration, and the ways that returned migrants may construct their identities through remembering. The final chapter explores the nurse migration industry through recruitment agents and nurses navigating this privatized industry as they pursue migration opportunities. Beyond an ethnography of nursing students', nurses' and their families' experiences of nurse training and migration processes, this dissertation focuses the roles of the state, private industry, and family in the mobilization of gendered and filial subjectivities to stimulate nurse production and migration, and explores the complex effects of unregulated nurse migration industries on students, nurses, and families as consumers and laborers.

Akutvårdskedjan anses vara en essentiell del av hälso- och sjukvården och är ofta patientensförsta kontakt med vården. I akutvårdskedjan omhändertas kritiska sjuka barn vilket ställerkrav på vårdpersonalens kompetens. Barn definieras som en människa under 18 år ochvanligtvis finns det en eller flera närstående till barnet som berörs när barnet blivit kritisktsjukt. Vårdpersonal anser det vara viktigt att involvera barnets närstående i barnets vård ochutifrån familjecentrerad vård är det rekommenderat. Syftet var att beskriva närståendes upplevelse av omhändertagandet i akutvårdskedjan närderas barn är kritiskt sjukt. Litteraturöversikten genomfördes med systematisk ansats och integrerad analys.Databassökningar utfördes i PubMed, CINAHL och Google Scholar samt en manuell sökning.Totalt inkluderades 16 artiklar med kvalitativ-, kvantitativ samt mixad design efterkvalitetsgranskning.  I resultatet framkom två kategorier vilka var “Att närvara vid sitt kritiskt sjuka barnsomhändertagande” samt “Närståendes erfarenheter av mötet med vårdpersonalen”. Denärstående ville närvara med sitt barn både för sin egen och för sitt barns skull. Upplevelsenav att deras barn var kritiskt sjukt beskrevs vara skrämmande med en stark känsla av rädslaoch oro för att barnet inte skulle överleva. Närstående ville bli bemötta med empati och lugnav vårdpersonalen och de ville få all tillgänglig information om sitt barns tillstånd. Slutsatsen är att närstående vill närvara med deras kritisk sjuka barn och hur vårdpersonalenbemöter de närstående påverkar deras upplevelse. Vårdpersonalen har ett stort ansvar för attnärstående ska känna sig involverade och behovet av att ge och få information beskrivs somviktigt. Att arbeta utifrån ett familjecentrerat förhållningssätt kan leda till att närståendekänner en ökad delaktighet samt bidra till en mer positiv upplevelse av situationen. / The emergency care chain is considered an essential part of health care and is often the patient's first contact with the healthcare system. In the emergency care chain, critically ill children are taken care of, which places demands on the competence of healthcare professionals. A child is defined as a person under 18 years of age, and typically there are one or more relatives' affected when a child becomes critically ill. Healthcare professionals consider it important to involve the child's relatives in the child's care, and family-centered care is recommended. The aim was to describe the relative's experience of care in the emergency care chain when their child is critically ill. The literature review was conducted using a systematic approach and integrated analysis. Database searches were performed in PubMed, CINAHL and Google Scholar, as well as a manual search. In total, 16 articles with qualitative, quantitative and mixed designs were included after quality assessment. In the result, two categories emerged which were "Being present at the care of their critically ill child" and "Relatives' experiences of the meeting with the care staff". The families wanted to be present with their child both for their own sake and for their child's sake. The experience of their child being critically ill was described as terrifying with a strong sense of fear and concern that the child would not survive. The families wanted to be treated with empathy and calmness by the healthcare staff and they wanted to receive all available information about their child's condition. The conclusion is that the families want to be present with their critically ill child and how the healthcare staff treats the families affects their experience. The care staff have a great responsibility for the families to feel involved, where the need to give and receive information is described as important. Working from a family-centered approach can lead to the families feeling increased participation and contribute to a more positive experience of the situation.

Den psykiska ohälsan blir allt vanligare. Ett ökat behov av vård relaterat till detta ses både i Sverige och globalt. Även andelen larmsamtal relaterade till psykisk ohälsa ökar. Patienter som lider av psykisk ohälsa omhändertas ofta i ambulanssjukvården och på den somatiska akutmottagningen. Vårdpersonal anser sig ha bristande kunskap vilket skapar en osäkerhet i att möta dessa patienter. Även förutfattande meningar om psykisk ohälsa påverkar bemötandet. Enligt hälso- och sjukvårdslagen har alla rätt till en god vård på lika villkor. Hur vårdpersonalen möter dessa patienter har stor betydelse för patientens inställning till vård och hur den fortsatta vården utformas. Syftet var att beskriva hur patienter med psykisk ohälsa upplever bemötandet från vårdpersonalen i akutvårdskedjan. En litteraturöversikt med systematisk metod och kvalitativ ansats. Innehållsanalys utfördes. Sammanlagt inkluderades 15 vetenskapliga artiklar. Fjorton artiklar hade kvalitativ studiedesign och en hade mixad studiedesign. Ur analysen framstod två kategorier; kommunikationens betydelse för vårdandet och bemötandet samt värdet av ett vårdande förhållningssätt. Vardera kategorin innehåller underkategorier; kommunikationen och informationens vårdande effekter, bristfällig kommunikation och information, positiva erfarenheter av ett empatiskt bemötande, bristande kunskap och stress hos vårdpersonalen samt upplevelsen av att bli stigmatiserad. Genom kommunikation kan vårdpersonalen bidra till känslan av trygghet och tillit, och att vara sedd. Har vårdpersonalen ett vänligt och respektfullt bemötande bidrar det till känslan av att vara omhändertagen. Ett sämre bemötande skapar känsla av att vara dömd på grund av den psykiska ohälsan och att patienten har sig själv att skylla. Patienternas upplevelse av bemötandet i den akutvårdskedjan var både vårdande och icke vårdande. Ett vårdande bemötande bidrar det till att känna hopp och tilltro till framtiden. Möts patienten däremot av stigmatiserande attityder från vårdpersonalen kan det leda till att patienten i framtiden drar sig för att söka akutsjukvård. Resultatet i litteraturöversikten bidrar till att skapa en medvetenhet hos vårdpersonalen angående betydelsen av ett vårdande bemötande. / Mental illness is becoming increasingly common. An increased need for care related to this is seen both in Sweden and globally. The proportion of emergency calls related to mental illness is also increasing. Patients suffering from mental illness are often cared for in the ambulance service and in the somatic emergency department. Healthcare staff consider themselves to have a lack of knowledge, which creates uncertainty in meeting these patients. Preconceived notions about mental illness also affect the treatment. According to the National Health and Medical Care Act, people have the right to good care on equal terms. How the healthcare staff meet these patients has great significance for the patient's attitude to care and how the continued care is designed. The aim was to describe how patients with mental illness experienced the treatment from the healthcare staff in the emergency care chain. A literature review with systematic method and qualitative approach. Content analysis was performed. A total of 15 scientific articles were included. Fourteen articles had a qualitative design and one had a mixed design. Two categories emerged from the analysis; the importance of communication for care and treatment and the value of a caring approach. Each category contains subcategories; the caring effects of communication and information, inadequate communication and information, positive experiences of empathetic treatment, lack of knowledge and stress on the part of the staff and the experience of being stigmatized. Through communication, the healthcare staff can contribute to the feeling of security and trust, and to be seen. If the care staff are friendly and respectful, it contributes to the feeling of being cared for. Poorer treatment creates a feeling of being judged because of the mental illness and that the patient has himself to blame. The patients' experience of the treatment in the emergency care chain was both caring and non-caring. A caring approach contributes to feeling hope and confidence in the future. If, on the other hand, the patient is met with stigmatizing attitudes from the healthcare staff, it may lead to the patient being reluctant to seek emergency medical care in the future. The result in the literature review contributes to creating an awareness among the nursing staff regarding the importance of caring treatment.

Cette thèse traite des effets de la migration sur le statut professionnel et social des travailleuses domestiques et des nouveaux rapports de subordination qui en découlent, analysés à l'intersection des rapports de genre, de classe et de « race ». Le but de cette recherche est d'aborder l'ordre hiérarchique de ces différents rapports et d'analyser les causes structurelles de la subordination. Les travailleuses migrantes chaoxianzu appartenaient à la classe symboliquement au pouvoir dans la Chine socialiste, en tant qu’ouvrières industrielles et agricoles. En examinant leur expérience de travail dans cinq villes de trois pays - France, Corée du Sud et Chine - nous analysons comment les conditions de travail de chaque société d’immigration affectent leur statut en tant que travailleuses. Les participantes à notre recherche vivent et perçoivent leur expérience de travail à la lumière de l’habitus professionnel de la Chine socialiste, basé sur la fierté en tant que travailleuses. Selon leur perception, dans la migration, elles ne changent pas pour un niveau hiérarchique et professionnel inférieur, mais souffrent, collectivement, de la position subalterne des travailleurs domestiques sans-papiers dans le référentiel de l’ordre hiérarchique de la société capitaliste. Plutôt qu'un travail trivial, elles perçoivent leur métier comme une somme de tâches nobles, physiques et émotionnelles. Elles s’inscrivent dans la chaîne globalisée du care. Mais, en s'interrogeant sur leur statut subalterne, elles remettent en cause la logique de reproduction de la hiérarchie sociale. / This thesis deals with the effects of migration on the occupational and social status of domestic workers and the resulting new relationships of subordination that are analyzed at the intersection of gender, class and ‘race’ relations. The purpose of this research is to address the hierarchical order of these different relationships and to analyze the structural causes of subordination. The Chaoxianzu women migrant workers belonged to the class symbolically in power in socialist China, as industrial and agricultural workers. By examining their work experience in five cities in three countries - France, South Korea and China - we analyze how the working conditions of each immigration society affect their status as women workers. The participants in our research live and perceive their work experience in light of their professional habitus of socialist China, based on pride as women workers. According to their perception, in migrating they do not change for a lower hierarchical and professional level, but collectively suffer from the subordinate position of undocumented domestic workers typical for capitalist society’s hierarchical order. Rather than perceiving their job as trivial, they see it as a sum of noble, physical and emotional tasks. They are part of the global chain of care. But, in questioning their subordinate status, they undermine the logic inherent to the reproduction of social hierarchies.