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Texte remanié de: Thesis Ph. D.--Barcelone, Espagne--Departament de filologia Anglesa i Alemanya, Universitat de Barcelona, 2001. / Notes bibliogr. Index.

Thesis. 1976. Ph.D.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Foreign Literatures and Linguistics. / Microfiche copy available in Archives and Humanities. / Bibliography: leaves 161-163. / Ph.D.

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Qu'il s'agisse de sociétés primitives ou de nations plus modernes, les situations de contacts ou de conflits de langues apparaissent comme une réalité universelle. L'Espagne manifeste sur son territoire une considérable pluralité tant au niveau culturel qu'en matière de langues en présence. D'un point de vue linguistique, plusieurs idiomes coexistent avec le castillan, qui est le parler officiel de l'ensemble du pays. Au sein de la communauté autonome de Catalogne, les deux langues co-officielles sont le catalan et le castillan. Notre sujet, intitulé Environnement social et compétence bilingue dans la région du Baix Ebre (Tarragona), va tenter de dégager les connaissances de ces deux langues par la population catalane de cette région. Comme le souligne Jean-Marie KLINKENBERG, « les langues romanes varient selon trois axes qui sont l'espace, la société et le temps »1. Dans une zone de bilinguisme, comme la région du Baix Ebre, où le catalan et le castillan sont tous deux considérés au titre de langue officielle, les langues en présence s'entremêlent et les compétences linguistiques des habitants en sont bouleversées. Force est de constater que les langues ne sont pas des entités statiques. Elles changent, évoluent, s'enrichissent ou s'affaiblissent au cours de l'histoire selon les événements. Dans une région de plurilinguisme, il est intéressant de souligner les compétences bilingues des habitants. C'est pourquoi nous étudierons l'influence de l'environnement social sur les compétences linguistiques des habitants de cette région, tant en langue catalane qu'en langue castillane. Pour cela, il nous faudra prendre en compte les données suivantes : - L'espace, en interrogeant des personnes demeurant dans trois endroits géographiquement proches de la région mais sociologiquement dissemblables. - La société, à travers les études de la politique d'éducation immersive en catalan, du milieu familial, des échanges intergénérationnels et des pratiques langagières. - Le temps. Nous remarquerons que notre étude fera appel à une description synchronique de la langue, c'est-à-dire une description de cette langue à un moment déterminé, tout en sachant qu'il est probable d'avoir recours à la diachronie pour expliquer certains faits parfois non explicables de manière synchronique. 1 In Des langues romanes. Introduction aux études de linguistique romane, Bruxelles, éd. Duculot, 1994, p. 30. / This thesis is about the universality of conflicts and interactions between languages from primitive societies to more modern nations. The regions of Spain are considerably diverse, as much at the cultural level as in languages spoken. From a linguistic point of view, several languages coexist with Castilian (Spanish), which is the official language of the whole country. Within the autonomous community of Catalonia, the two co-official languages are Catalan and Castilian. Our thesis, entitled Social Environment and Bilingual Skills in the Baix Ebre (Tarragona) Region will attempt to uncover the knowledge of the Catalan language, held by the people of this region. As emphasized by Jean-Marie Klinkenberg, "Romance languages vary according to three axes, which are space, society and time".1 In a bilingual area, such as the region of Baix Ebre, where Catalan and Castilian are both considered the official languages, the two languages become entangled, and the language skills of the inhabitants are upended. We have to admit that languages are not static entities. They change, evolve, grow richer or weaken during the course of history according to events. In a multilingual region, it is interesting to put emphasis on the bilingual skills of the inhabitants. That is why we shall study the influence of the social environment on the language skills of the people of this region, as much in Catalan as in Castilian. For that purpose, it will be necessary to us to take into account the following elements: - The space, by interviewing persons living in three places geographically close to the region but sociologically dissimilar. - The society, through studies of the educational Catalan immersion policy, the familial environment, intergenerational exchanges and linguistic practices. - The time. We note that our study will employ a synchronic analysis of the languages, that is, a description of a language at a certain point in time. This is done while knowing that we are likely to return to a diachronic analysis to explain certain facts that are not explainable in a synchronic way. 1 In Des langues romanes. Introduction aux études de linguistique romane, Bruxelles, Duculot ed., 1994, p. 30.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Montana, 2006. / Title from title screen. Description based on contents viewed Mar. 23, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-98).

Thesis--Philosophie--Liverpool--Univ., 1992. / Contient certains textes de théâtre catalan avec la trad. anglaise en regard. Bibliogr. f. 442-459.

This dissertation examines the figure of the father in autobiographies published in Spain after the death of the Spanish dictator, Francisco Franco, in 1975. It analyzes how four well-known Spanish authors born in Barcelona, Carlos Barral, Juan Goytisolo, Clara Janés, and Terenci Moix, portray the figure of the father in their memoirs. I consider first and foremost the authors’ depiction of the biological father. Nonetheless, I read this father in relation to the political figurehead of Franco, who was portrayed by many as father to the Spanish nation. The four authors either blame their fathers for being an authoritarian figure in the shadow of the dictator or present him as an absent but alternative model to the singular vision of the patriarchal household promoted by the regime. I argue that these four writers question Franco’s paternity and foster other conceptions of fatherhood in the newly democratic Spain. This dissertation addresses several interrelated questions: To what extent do real fathers collapse and step away from the ever-present figure of the Spanish dictator as a censoring father? How do father figures influence one’s own gender subjectivity and what is the relationship between fathers and the transformation of gender models during the Spanish transition to democracy? In which ways are fathers central in the construction of selfhood in autobiographical writings in general and in post-Franco Spain in particular? The close reading of these four writers illuminates the strong bonds between father figures, autobiographical writing and Oedipal narratives in the literary scene of the Spanish Transition and more broadly in the three decades following Franco’s death. Drawing from psychoanalysis, feminism and theory on autobiography, I analyze how the language, space, body, and death of the father are essential to the construction of an autobiographical self. I also contend that the reading of these authors’ melancholic state after the death of their fathers offers a new way of understanding the politics of mourning in Spain. These authors’ considerations of the figure of the father illustrate divergent attempts to deal with desired and undesired legacies of Franco’s dictatorship and, in this sense, this dissertation establishes a dialogue with current debates about memory, generational replacement, and the politics of inheritance and legacy in Spain.

This dissertation examines the figure of the father in autobiographies published in Spain after the death of the Spanish dictator, Francisco Franco, in 1975. It analyzes how four well-known Spanish authors born in Barcelona, Carlos Barral, Juan Goytisolo, Clara Janés, and Terenci Moix, portray the figure of the father in their memoirs. I consider first and foremost the authors’ depiction of the biological father. Nonetheless, I read this father in relation to the political figurehead of Franco, who was portrayed by many as father to the Spanish nation. The four authors either blame their fathers for being an authoritarian figure in the shadow of the dictator or present him as an absent but alternative model to the singular vision of the patriarchal household promoted by the regime. I argue that these four writers question Franco’s paternity and foster other conceptions of fatherhood in the newly democratic Spain. This dissertation addresses several interrelated questions: To what extent do real fathers collapse and step away from the ever-present figure of the Spanish dictator as a censoring father? How do father figures influence one’s own gender subjectivity and what is the relationship between fathers and the transformation of gender models during the Spanish transition to democracy? In which ways are fathers central in the construction of selfhood in autobiographical writings in general and in post-Franco Spain in particular? The close reading of these four writers illuminates the strong bonds between father figures, autobiographical writing and Oedipal narratives in the literary scene of the Spanish Transition and more broadly in the three decades following Franco’s death. Drawing from psychoanalysis, feminism and theory on autobiography, I analyze how the language, space, body, and death of the father are essential to the construction of an autobiographical self. I also contend that the reading of these authors’ melancholic state after the death of their fathers offers a new way of understanding the politics of mourning in Spain. These authors’ considerations of the figure of the father illustrate divergent attempts to deal with desired and undesired legacies of Franco’s dictatorship and, in this sense, this dissertation establishes a dialogue with current debates about memory, generational replacement, and the politics of inheritance and legacy in Spain.

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