PC-Dart is a software that the Swedish Armed Forces use to communicate when active on the field. They are limited to using the program only on Windows operating system, and their devices are not suitable for challenging contexts. It is not convenient for the army to bring impractical devices to the field, and it requires the soldiers to bring sleds of batteries and charging equipment with them. This thesis explores the possibilities of recreating the graphical user interface onto other platforms such as Android and Linux. It helps to increase the mobility on the field for the troops of the Swedish Armed Forces, which also means that there is not any restrictions by using their program on one platform. The development of the program required a pilot study on what available cross-platform frameworks to use in terms of developing an application that works on multiple platforms. Together with a relevant framework and a custom user-centered agile work process, this thesis strives to create an application that is cross-platform and with a graphical user interface that old users of the previous program can relate to. The project results show that a graphical user interface can be developed with a cross-platform framework while working in a user-centered agile process. However, it also shows that it can be a lot of work for one person, negatively affecting the process.

The elderly visually impaired is not only a neglected user group within interaction design but also a large one in our society. Within this user group, I discovered that they do not get enough exercise because of their inability to move in public spaces without feeling unsafe. To feel safe, they would have to use both their rollator and their white cane at the same time; an impossibility. This paradoxical issue brings forth design opportunities of both physical artifacts with combined effectiveness of a white cane and a rollator. Also, it includes an exploration with a user-centered design approach on how haptic feedback could help them navigate. Haptics being the suitable alternative for a non-visual interaction. An add-on attached to the existing rollator with sensors and haptic feedback would enhance the feeling safety of an elderly visually impaired and would enable them to move in public spaces to get their exercise.

I dagens samhälle blir många saker smartare, främst med hjälp av Internet of Things.En överblick på smart shopping visar att flera alternativa sätt att shoppa på harintroducerats under de senaste åren för att förbättra och effektivisera shopping. Någraav dessa är online-shopping och självtjänster som inkluderar självutcheckningar ochhandhållna skannrar. Detta har varit ett framgångsrikt tillvägagångssätt, vilket kanses av det faktum att en av de största dagligvaruhandelskedjorna i Sverige, ICA, har1,5 miljoner kunder i sitt lojalitetsprogram där cirka 30% av dessa använderhandhållna skannrar. Dessa 30% ger cirka 60% av ICAs totala intäkter i några avderas största butiker. En av de stora utmaningarna med självbetjäning är dock att deär mycket dyrt, då ett system för en genomsnittlig butik i Sverige kan kosta cirka 1,5miljoner SEK. Detta gör det svårt för mindre butiker att erbjuda denna tjänst. Ett sättatt överkomma detta kan vara att skapa en applikation för smartphone-shopping(Smart Cart-app) med en användarcentrerad design, som med största sannolikhetsänker kostnader samt sparar tid. Tidigare forskning har visat försök på liknandeteknologies, men vissa av dessa hade begränsningar i presentationen av sin design ochanvändardata/användarforskning. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka möjlighetenatt utforma en Smart Cart-applikationsprototyp med en användarcentrerad designbaserad på Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) för att utvidga på tidigare förslag.Användardata, som har analyserats för att hitta viktiga punkter och önskemål idesign, har samlats in genom ett frågeformulär med 275 deltagare och intervjuer med3 personer. Denna data har använts tillsammans med information från enlitteraturöversikt för att utforma prototypen för Smart Cart-appen, som är envisualisering av studieresultaten. Prototypen stöds av en analys som visar varför det ärviktigt att involvera användare i designprocessen och vad som bör beaktas när mangör detta. Studien fann också en begäran efter en sådan app, då exempelvis 51,7% avsjälvscannande kunder skulle överväga att använda den. Dessutom stöder resultatenockså det faktum att om användaren accepterar och har en bekantskap med vissafunktioner i applikationen, är de mer benägna till att ta an applikationen. Majoritetenav deltagarna har en positiv inställning till applikationer inom smart shopping och harliknande önskemål om funktioner och utseende.Slutligen behövs framtida forskning om olika aspekter och synpunkter förvidareutveckling av Smart Cart-applikationen och andra liknande applikationer / In today's society, many things are becoming smarter, mostly with the help of theInternet of Things. Taking a look at smart shopping, several optional ways of shoppinghave been introduced in recent years to enhance and streamline shopping. Some ofthese are online shopping and self-services which include self-checkouts and handheldscanners. This has been a successful approach, which can be seen by the fact that oneof the biggest grocery shopping chains in Sweden called ICA has 1.5 million customersin their loyalty program where around 30% of these use handheld scanners. These30% bring about 60% of ICAs total revenue in some of their biggest stores. However,one of the major challenges with self-services is that they are very expensive, as asystem for an average sized store in Sweden can cost around 1.5 million SEK, whichmakes it difficult for smaller stores to offer this service. A way of combating this couldbe to create a smartphone shopping application (Smart Cart app) with a user-centereddesign, which has a strong likelihood to lower the costs as well as save time. Previousresearch has shown attempts of similar technologies, however, some of these hadlimitations in the presentation of their design and user research. This study aims toexplore the possibility of designing a Smart Cart application prototype with auser-centered approach based on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) to extend uponprevious proposals.User data, which has been analyzed to find key points in design, has been gathered bya questionnaire with 275 participants and interviews with 3 people. This data has beenused together with information from a literature review in order to design the SmartCart app prototype, which is a visualisation of the study results. The prototype issupported by an analysis which shows why it is important to involve users in thedesign process and what should be considered when doing so. The study also found adesire for such an app as, for instance, 51.7% of self-scanning customers wouldconsider using it. In addition, results also support that when users accept and arefamiliar with certain functionalities in applications, they are more likely to adopt theapplication. The majority of the participants have a positive attitude towardsapplications in smart shopping and have similar desires of functions and appearance.Lastly, future research is needed on different aspects and point of views for furtherdevelopment of the Smart Cart application and other similar applications.

This interaction design thesis aimed to explore how users could be introduced to the different functionalities of a gesture-based touch screen interface. This was done through a user-centred design research process where the designer was taught different artefacts by experienced users. Insights from this process lay the foundation for an interactive, digital gesture-introduction prototype.Testing said prototype with users yielded this study's results. While containing several areas for improvement regarding implementation and behaviour, the prototype's base methods and qualities were well received. Further development would be needed to fully assess its viability. The user-centred research methods used in this project proved valuable for later ideation and prototyping stages. Activities and results from this project indicate a potential for designers to further explore the possibilities for ensuring the discoverability of touch-gesture interactions. For future projects the author suggests more extensive research and testing using a greater sample size and wider demographic.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The rapid infusion of artificial intelligence into everyday technologies means that consumers are likely to interact with intelligent systems that provide suggestions and recommendations on a daily basis in the very near future. While these technologies promise much, current issues in low transparency create high potential to confuse end-users, limiting the market viability of these technologies. While efforts are underway to make machine learning models more transparent, HCI currently lacks an understanding of how these model-generated explanations should best translate into the practicalities of system design. To address this gap, my research took a pragmatic approach to improving system transparency for end-users. Through a series of three studies, I investigated the need and value of transparency to end-users, and explored methods to improve system designs to accomplish greater transparency in intelligent systems offering recommendations. My research resulted in a summarized taxonomy that outlines a variety of motivations for why users ask questions of intelligent systems; useful for considering the type and category of information users might appreciate when interacting with AI-based recommendations. I also developed a categorization of explanation types, known as explanation vectors, that is organized into groups that correspond to user knowledge goals. Explanation vectors provide system designers options for delivering explanations of system processes beyond those of basic explainability. I developed a detailed user typology, which is a four-factor categorization of the predominant attitudes and opinion schemes of everyday users interacting with AI-based recommendations; useful to understand the range of user sentiment towards AI-based recommender features, and possibly useful for tailoring interface design by user type. Lastly, I developed and tested an evaluation method known as the System Transparency Evaluation Method (STEv), which allows for real-world systems and prototypes to be evaluated and improved through a low-cost query method. Results from this dissertation offer concrete direction to interaction designers as to how these results might manifest in the design of interfaces that are more transparent to end users. These studies provide a framework and methodology that is complementary to existing HCI evaluation methods, and lay the groundwork upon which other research into improving system transparency might build.

Increasing socio-technological complexity and ongoing environmental and social changes make it difficult to choose suitable approaches in today's innovation endeavors. Explorative and agile methods are increasingly used to reach out for disruptive innovations under uncertainty. However, feasibility of pioneering projects in business-critical contexts faces limitations in regulated branches. This doctoral thesis aims at contributing to service innovation research using a mixed-methods approach, being applied to several domains. Strategic Service Innovation (SSI) aspires to create novel digital service concepts ranging from radical technical innovations to business model pivoting.

Det här är ett examensarbete i text- och informationsdesign. Utgångspunkten för studien har varit att mottagaren av en text ska kunna förstå innehållet utan att inneha, för området, specifik förkunskap eller utbildning. Denna studie har undersökt fem paragrafer i ett standardiserat köpekontrakt vid köp av fastighet. Frågeställningen till studien var: Hur kan ett standardiserat köpekontrakt för köp av fastighet göras begripligt för lekmän? Fokusgrupper, intervjuer och läsbarhetsanalys visar att köpekontrakt innehåller obegripliga ord och komplex meningsuppbyggnad. Det visar även att språket kan vara mer eller mindre begripligt beroende på mottagarens ålder och kulturella bakgrund.  Examensarbetet grundar sig i huvudsak på teorier och riktlinjer inom begriplighet, human-centered design, klarspråk, typografi och grafisk form. Slutsatsen av studien är att begripligheten går att påverka med hjälp av ett allmänspråk, konsekvent användning av termer och mindre komplex meningsuppbyggnad. Svensk lag säger inte att köpekontraktets innehåll måste innefatta lagtextformuleringar. Det enda kravet enligt lag är att de formkrav som finns i Jordabalkens fjärde kapitel §1 ska finnas med i köpekontraktet. Ett formkrav är en juridisk bestämmelse som specificerar de nödvändiga formaliteterna eller kraven för att ett avtal eller en handling ska vara giltig eller ha rättslig verkan. Att uppfylla formkraven är viktigt för att säkerställa att avtalet eller handlingen är juridiskt bindande. Det är dock fullt möjligt att omarbeta textens formuleringar och på så sätt anpassa språket till en bredare mottagargrupp, såsom säljare och köpare i en fastighetsaffär, som inte har utbildning inom fastighetsmäkleri eller juridik.  Studien visar att det juridiska språket kan omarbetas för att öka begripligheten utan att förändra dess innebörd.

This thesis demonstrates a Research through Design process for creating user experience design to support users in making sustainable decisions. The research and design were carried out in the context of industrial robot operating software, using ABB's RobotStudio as the design basis. After specifying the scope of sustainability in this paper to energy consumption, the main research question is: How might UX design facilitate users to use industrial robots in a sustainable way to reduce energy consumption? The design not only considers the user's experience, but also considers the business profit needs. Therefore, this thesis also conducts research from the perspective of economic sustainability. Theories such as the Kano model, user pleasure, and loss aversion are used. The design result is a redesigned UI prototype based on the future vision of RobotStudio. Eco-feedback and optimization proposals are used to present energy efficiency in terms of business profit, so that users can intuitively see the results of their actions on the interface. Limitations and future research considerations are further explored.

This study is a bachelor thesis within Informationdesign with a focus oninformative illustration. The work explores how it is possible to create aninstructional material for CPR using visual means in cognition and through anorm-critical perspective. The goal is that a new instructional material shouldcontribute to an increased knowledge of CPR among the general population,which in turn can contribute to increased safety in performing CPR. Interviewswith the target group and experts were carried out to collect experiences andknowledge, and image analyzes of existing instructional material were carried out.The methodical work resulted in design points which works as the basis for thechoices in the new instructional material. The work asked how cognition andnorm criticism can visually characterize visual material of this type, whichresulted in a representation without depicting gender, age, ethnicity, etc. As wellas an image material that stands out for its user perspective and adaptation to thetarget group. / Det här är ett arbete inom Informationsdesign med inriktning informativillustration. Arbetet utforskar hur det går att skapa ett instruktionsmaterial förHLR med hjälp av visuella medel inom kognition samt genom ett normkritisktperspektiv. Målet är att ett nytt instruktionsmaterial ska bidra till en ökad kunskapav HLR hos den allmänna befolkningen vilket i sin tur kan bidra till en förhöjdtryggheten i att utföra HLR. Intervjuer med målgruppen och expert utfördes för attsamla in erfarenheter och kunskap, samt utfördes bildanalyser av befintligtinstruktionsmaterial. Det metodiska arbetet resulterade i gestaltningspunkter somligger till grund för valen i det nya instruktionsmaterialet. Arbetet frågade hurkognition och normkritik visuellt kan prägla ett bildmaterial av denna typ vilketresulterade i en gestaltning helt utan skildrande av kön, ålder, etnicitet m.m. Samtett bildmaterial som utmärks för dess användarperspektiv och anpassning tillmålgruppen.

The objective with this study was to find what limitations and challenges there are when creating a new development and design on internal systems at a governmental agency. Developing a system within a governmental agency is dependent on defined requirements to develop an approved system. The “Regleringsbrev”, required aspects and the government constitutes the decision support at an agency. A governmental agency offered to be part of the inquiry of this thesis with a system utilized by caseworkers that was investigated. The method used was a concept study and a design study which included a survey of the agency’s requirements and a User-Centered Design approach to merge users in the design process. Based on the results from the concept study a prototype was created and evaluated. The prototype had four functions that would satisfy both the users and the agency's requirements; handling submitted paper applications, viewing tax percentage data when making a decision, text proposals, and the number of clicks. The study provides insight of the process in making a development within a governmental agency. Suggestions to the appointed problem shows potential in further investigating the system, and also how other agencies cope with developing new systems. / Målet med denna studie har varit att hitta vilka begränsningar och utmaningar som uppkommer när man skapar en nyutveckling och design på interna system hos en myndighet. Att utveckla ett system inom en statlig myndighet är beroende av definierade krav för att möjliggöra ett godkänt system. Regleringsbrevet, nödvändiga aspekter samt regereingen utgör beslutstödet hos en myndighet. En av Sveriges myndigheter erbjöd sig att delta i denna undersökning med ett system som används av handläggare på myndigheten. Metoden som användes var en konceptstudie och en designstudie som inkluderade en kartläggning av myndighetskrav samt en användarcentrerad strategi för att involvera användarna i undersökningen. Baserat på resultaten från den genomförda konceptstudie skapades och utvärderades en prototyp. Prototypen hade fyra funktioner som skulle tillgodose både användarnas och myndighetens krav: Hantering av inlämnade pappersansökningar, visning av skattebeslut, textförslag samt antalet musklick. Studien ger inblick i processen att göra en utveckling inom en statlig myndighet. Förslag på det utsedda problemet visar potential i att ytterligare undersöka systemet samt hur andra myndigheter sköter utveckling av nya system.