This qualitative research study explored areas of similarity and contrast between a music therapy student's interpretations of selected audiovisual excerpts from music therapy sessions with a child with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and his parent's interpretations of the same. A further feature of the study was investigating how these interpretations could inform the collaborative creation of a music activity for use in the home environment. Eight one-on-one music therapy sessions were conducted with an eight year-old boy with ASD at Alpha School in the Western Cape. The sessions were video recorded. Once the music therapy process was complete, four primary excerpts and five secondary excerpts were selected. Interpretations of the four primary excerpts were written by the music therapy student. A semi-structured interview consisting of two parts was then conducted with the child's parent. Part one involved eliciting the parent's interpretations of the four primary excerpts. Part two involved the viewing of the five secondary excerpts as part of a discussion between the music therapy student and parent, leading to the collaborative creation of a music activity for the home environment. The interpretations of the music therapy student and parent were matched with the music therapy student's interpretations for the purposes of qualitative content analysis and comparative analysis. Codes were derived for the interpretations, and then grouped into sub-categories and categories. Two overarching themes were then drawn from the data: operation of the music therapy student's contextual lens; and operation of the parent's lens. Within these two themes, different sub-themes were present: music therapy student’s reflexivity; focus on developing relationship; focus on clinical musical features; valuing offerings as musical; parent's pride in her child; noticing musical interactions; and focusing on successful interactions. These themes then implicitly informed the collaborative creation of a music activity for the home context. / Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Music / MMus / Unrestricted

Bakgrund: Brister i kommunikation och informationsöverföring är en av de största orsakerna till vårdskador. För att arbeta mot en säkrare vård måste patienterna bli delaktiga. Delaktiga patienter är nyckeln till personcentrerad och säker vård. Ett sätt att involvera patienterna är genom att de får delta i bedsiderapportering. Syfte: Att beskriva patienters upplevelser när sjuksköterskor använder bedsiderapportering vid skiftbyten.  Metod: En litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats, baserad på sju artiklar med kvalitativ design och tre artiklar med mixad design. Artiklarna är hämtade från CINAHL och Medline. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i två teman, inkluderande vårdrelation och samtal på lika villkor. Patienterna upplevde att bedsiderapportering kunde främja delaktighet i vården, patienterna fick vara en del av informationsutbytet och bidra med meningsfull information. Patienternas känsla av trygghet ökade och sjukhusupplevelsen förbättrades vid säkerställandet av informationsutbytet. Däremot framkom även önskan från patienterna om ökat deltagande, bibehållen konfidentialitet och bli inbjuden i bedsiderapporteringen av sjuksköterskorna. Slutsats: Resultatet framhäver både positiva och negativa upplevelser. Bedsiderapportering kan vara ett steg mot mer personcentrerad vård men ytterligare riktlinjer behövs som berör hur konfidentialiteten bör hanteras. Framtida forskning behövs för att studera om metoden är lämplig för alla patientgrupper. / Background: Healthcare related injuries are often caused by insufficient communication and poor transferring of information. To make healthcare better the patients need to be included in the process. Keeping the patients involved is the key to patient-centred and safer health care. One way to involve the patient is through implementing “bedside handover”. Aim: To describe patient’s experiences when nurses implement bedside handover during shift change. Method: The study is a literature review with an inductive approach, based on seven articles with a qualitative method and three articles with mixed methods. The articles were taken from the databases CINAHL and Medline. Results: The results generated in in two themes: healthcare relationship and conversations on equal terms. The patients experienced that bedside handover could promote participation in care, patients could be a part of the information exchange and contribute with meaningful information. Patients' sense of security increased, and the hospital experience improved when they could secure the information. However, some patients wished for increased participation, maintained confidentiality and to be more invited to participate in the nursing bedside handover. Conclusion: The result highlights both positive and negative experiences. Bedside reporting can be a step toward more person-centered care, but additional guidelines are needed that address how confidentiality should be handled. Future research is needed to study whether the method is appropriate for all patient groups.

Anderson, P & Sinclair, F. Omvårdnad vid gynekologisk cancer. En litteraturstudie. Examensarbete i omvårdnad 15 högskolepoäng. Malmö universitet: Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2019.Bakgrund: Årligen insjuknar cirka 3000 kvinnor i gynekologiska cancersjukdomar i Sverige. Detta omfattar maligna sjukdomar i ovarier, uterus, endometriet, cervix, och äggledare. Kvinnor i alla åldrar och livsfaser insjuknar i sjukdomar som på olika sätt och beroende på vilken livssituation kvinnan befinner sig i, påverkar henne. Sjukdomarna har olika prognos, symtom och behandling och medför således olika behov av omvårdnad. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att sammanställa kvinnors erfarenheter av omvårdnad vid gynekologisk cancer. Metod: Litteraturstudier genomfördes med sökningar i databaserna PubMed, Cinahl och PsycINFO, 13 kvalitativa artiklar valdes ut och sammanställdes i resultatet genom innehållsanalys där texterna lästes upprepade gånger, meningsbärande och återkommande delar valdes ut, tolkades och sammanställdes i gemensamma teman. Resultat: Ett huvudtema identifierades under analysens gång; Att bli sedd. Detta konkretiserades i tre teman; Kommunikation, Tillgänglighet och Tillit med totalt fem subteman. Konklusion: Gynekologisk cancer berör de kvinnor som insjuknar på olika sätt, bland annat beroende på vilken livsfas de befinner sig i. Kvinnor som insjuknar i gynekologisk cancersjukdom har en önskan om att ses som en individ och har olika behov av stöd och omvårdnad. Att bli sedd var ett genomgående tema som framkom i litteraturstudierna. Personcentrerad omvårdnad bör vara ett ledord i omvårdnad av gynekologiska cancersjukdomar.Nyckelord: gynekologisk cancer, omvårdnad, personcentrerad vård, sjuksköterska, upplevelser / Anderson, P & Sinclair, F. Nursing care during treatment for gynecological cancer. Degree project in nursing 15 Credits. Malmö University: Faculty of Health and Society, Department of Care Science, 2019.Background: Each year approximately 3000 women in Sweden is diagnosed with gynecological cancer. This includes malignant diseases of the ovaries, uterus, endometrium, cervix and the fallopian tubes. Women of all ages and in all phases of life are afflicted differently, depending upon the phase of life she is in and when the cancer is detected. Gynecological cancers have different prognoses, symptoms and treatments. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to compile women´s perceptions and experiences of nursing care during gynecological cancer. Method: A literature review was conducted using the databases PubMed, Cinahl and PsycINFO, 13 qualitative studies were chosen and analyzed through content analysis. Meaningful parts of the articles were extracted and interpreted. Parts with similar messages were then compiled into themes. Findings: One main theme was identified through the analysis; To be seen. Three themes were then further identified during the analysis; Communication, Accessibility and Trust. Five sub-themes were additionaly included in the results. Conclusion: Gynecological cancer affects women in different ways depending on the phase of life and age they are in. Women are afflicted differently and want to be seen as individuals. To be seen was a recurring theme in the literature review. Person-centred care should be considered a leading word in nursing care for gynecological cancer.Key words: Experiences, gynecological cancer, nurse, nursing care, person-centred care

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Although TB is a curable communicable disease, poor adherence to TB treatment is a major barrier to TB control in South Africa as it increases the risks of morbidity, mortality and drug resistance at individual and community level. As a result, multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) has become a serious public health issue. Underpinning this study was the assumption that a client-centred approach to treatment of MDR-TB clients, with a hospital programme which adopts an integrated multidisciplinary approach that is client-centred and is not purely biomedically driven, would improve treatment outcomes of MDR-TB clients.

It is becoming a problem that the number of people who have loneliness by a physical distance between family members has lately kept increasing. Home is not only about space, but also about where an individual makes memories, feels secured with its familiarity and feels comfortable with his or her family member(s). Individuals, who live alone and feel lonely, have not been getting these senses. The available ways of connection between remote family members are not enough.  The aim of the research is to understand the current condition of the connection between remote family members to map pain points. The purpose is to develop a product that can decrease a sense of loneliness and increase positive emotions through an experience which makes a lonely individual feel a little bit more connected to a long-distance family in everyday life.  Based on the in-depth interviews, eight insights and two kinds of stakeholders, whom the connection should be made between, was revealed. Over forty ideas were created to solve the problem of loneliness based on the defined insights and stakeholders, and the ideas were narrowed down on the criteria of to what extent the idea can satisfy the revealed insights and to what extent the connection created by each idea can last easily between the two stakeholders.  The resulting product called One Home Lamp can provide an emotionally warmer experience to a target user than other similar products do with four main features: 1) a connection which lasts in everyday life in a way that everyone can keep in touch with each other more easily, 2) a better sense of identity which belongs to each family by customization with colour and stickers, 3) a better sense of belongingness towards a family by seeing an imaginal house where you and your family live together, 4) a better sense of touch which is closer to human warmth with the material and soft texture used.  The result is beneficial for modern societies in terms of the fact that it has a great possibility to reduce loneliness, increase positive emotions and improve well-being among lonely individuals which is one of the sustainable development goals to be achieved by 2030 advocated by the United Nations General Assembly.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(社会健康医学) / 乙第13358号 / 論社医博第15号 / 新制||社医||11(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科社会健康医学系専攻 / (主査)教授 川上 浩司, 教授 小川 修, 教授 松村 由美 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Public Health / Kyoto University / DFAM

Desired qualities of Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) represent what potential users want, hope for, and expect of MaaS without having experienced the service yet. Knowledge about the desired qualities is essential to design MaaS to meet users’ needs. However, little attention has been paid to understand potential users' desired qualities in the literature on MaaS. This paper addresses this void in literature with an explorative study with potential MaaS users in Sweden. The results of the study are desired qualities of MaaS such as reliability, entertainment and inclusivity. The study contributes with a thematization and classification of desired qualities of MaaS. The themes are desired qualities that make life easier, desired qualities that provide assurance, desired qualities that reward, desired qualities that appeal to inclinations and desired qualities that maintain preferred habits. The four levels of classification are functional, emotional, life-changing, and social significance. Researchers and service designers could work backward from these desired qualities to design user-centred services towards user satisfaction.

Homework is given to learners on a daily basis to practice a specific skill, to foster personal development and to develop planning and time management skills. Although learners in the Foundation Phase are encouraged to do homework on their own, the support and involvement of their parents are required in order to develop personal skills and to maintain a healthy social relationship. As homework is a time of the day when parents usually interact with their children, their attitudes regarding homework in the Foundation Phase impact the way in which a learner will experience the homework process. Some learners experience homework as more pleasant when parents are involved, while others feel that homework disrupt families and causes conflict and tension. Research has indicated that the early years of a child’s life are critical for development, as this is the time when learners acquire fundamental concepts, skills and attitudes and when parents pass on values such as respect, tolerance and appreciation, all of which are important to laying down the foundation for lifelong learning. Parents’ beliefs and behaviours thus have an important role to play in a child’s development, and their attitudes and actions influence the nature and course of their children’s development. Parents and families need to be encouraged to assist their children with homework and to see this as the time of the day when they can bond with their children. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / tm2015 / Educational Psychology / MEd / Unrestricted

In this study, I examined the topic of teaching for visual literacy by mathematics teachers in Tanzanian secondary schools. One of the goals of teaching mathematics in these schools is for learners to acquire mathematical knowledge and skills, which will be useful in their daily lives and future careers. Several studies have shown that visual literacy enables learners to acquire knowledge and skills that are also useful in their lives and future careers. It is a well-known fact that mathematics plays an important role in human endeavours, and life in general. On the one hand, research persistently reports that mathematical concepts are too abstract and complex for learners, which makes it difficult for teachers to teach these concepts effectively. On the other hand, the literature suggests that teaching mathematics for visual literacy could assist learners in understanding mathematical concepts easily, and developing visual literacy skills. Learners could better understand the mathematical concepts being taught and acquire visual literacy skills through the use of both teacher-centred and learner-centred teaching styles and various teaching strategies, including traditional teaching; group work, in particular cooperative learning; discovery; problem-based learning; multimedia instruction; as well as providing an opportunity for learners to interpret visual information and use visual media. Using a case study of three mathematics teachers from three schools, this study examined how Tanzanian secondary school mathematics teachers taught for visual literacy in Form 2 classrooms. The data was collected using classroom observations and interviews. The findings from the collected data have suggested that Tanzanian mathematics teachers do not meet the requirements for teaching mathematics for visual literacy due to various factors, such as the length of the syllabus, lack of pedagogical content knowledge, insufficient technology and dynamic media in schools, teachers' beliefs, National Examinations rules and regulations, and overcrowded classrooms. Recommendations for further studies based on this study have also been made. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / Science, Mathematics and Technology Education / MEd / Unrestricted

The main goal of this study was to do a heuristic evaluation of the information architecture (IA) of the recently redesigned academic library website of the University of Pretoria and to provide recommendations for improvement if necessary. The main problem that is addressed by this study is that there is no comprehensive list of heuristics for the purpose of evaluating the IA of academic library websites. This study used various methods to address this problem and achieve the main goal. A literature review resulted in a set of integrated usability heuristics that can be used to do a heuristic evaluation of the IA of academic library websites. The set was created based on an integration of existing usability principles from authorities in the field of usability. The integrated set of existing principles was made applicable to academic library websites through the addition of sub-criteria based on a review of twenty related studies. A multiple-case study method was used for the heuristic evaluation of the library websites of the top three universities in South Africa, i.e., University of Cape Town, University of the Witwatersrand, and Stellenbosch University. The results of the multiple-case study method were used to further adapt the list of principles. The heuristic evaluation method was used in each of the case studies as a data collection method. Another case study was done, using the same method and revised heuristics, to evaluate the usability of the library website of the University of Pretoria and to provide recommendations. The main outcomes of this study is a list of heuristics that can be used for the heuristic evaluation of the IA of academic library websites, as well as a list of recommendations for the improvement of the newly redesigned library website of the University of Pretoria. The list of heuristics is not limited to academic library websites, however, as it can be adapted and reused for the heuristic evaluation of other types of websites. / Dissertation (MIS)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Information Science / MIS / Unrestricted