Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:32:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_carolina_goncalves_serret.pdf: 168487 bytes, checksum: 39c57bfb4f44c9b01a747705b7e0e4a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-03-31 / Artificial insemination (AI) is a technique intensively used in the swine farms nowadays, due to its benefits related to genetic improvement and health status, allowing the industry to market high-quality healthy products. The post-cervical AI (PCAI) allows the deposition of semen in the uterine body, using 1 x 10 9 spermatozoa dose. Thus, with PCAI the fertility of one particular boar can influence the reproductive performance of a much higher number of females than in ICAI-based systems. The objective of this study was to compare the subsequent reproductive performance of swine breeding females submitted to either intra-cervical artificial insemination (ICAI) with sperm concentrations of 3.5 x 10 9 spermatozoa per dose or post-cervical artificial insemination (PCAI) with 2, 1, or 0.5 x 10 9 spermatozoa per dose. The study was conducted in a commercial farm including 338 F1 females. Among them, 232 were first inseminated 12 h after estrus detection, receiving the subsequent doses after 12 h intervals, whereas 106 were inseminated right after ovulation diagnosis through real-time ultrasound. Conception and farrowing (FR) rates for ICAI (98.9% e 97.9%, respectively) did not differ (P < 0,001) from those observed for PCAI (87.1% e 84.3%, respectively). Total litter size did not differ across treatments (P = 0.09). Although TP did not differ (P = 0,40) for different parities, total litter size for primiparous females (9.1 ± 0.4) was lower (P = 0,0004) than for parity-2 and -3 females (11.5 ± 0.5 e 11.5 ± 0.2, respectively). There was a significant effect of an interaction between treatment and parity on total litter size (P < 0.05), generally characterized by the occurrence of lower litter sizes for PCAI in primiparous females than for other treatment by parity combinations. In conclusion, reproductive performance for PCAI and ICAI were similar with sperm concentrations up to 1 x 10 9 spermatozoa per dose. / A inseminação artificial (IA) é uma biotécnica reprodutiva que vem sendo intensamente utilizada na suinocultura, em função dos benefícios genéticos e sanitários, permitindo que as agroindústrias coloquem no mercado produtos saudáveis e de qualidade. A técnica de IA pós-cervical (IAPC) possibilita a deposição do sêmen no corpo do útero, utilizando doses inseminantes com de 1 x 10 9 espermatozóides/dose. Portanto, com a IAPC, a fertilidade do reprodutor utilizado como doador de sêmen, passa a influenciar o desempenho reprodutivo de um número três vezes maior de fêmeas, quando comparado a IA convencional. Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar o desempenho reprodutivo de fêmeas suínas submetidas a IAIC, com dose inseminante convencional com a IAPC com 3 diferentes concentrações (2; 1; e 0,5 x 10 9 espermatozóides/ dose). O estudo incluiu 338 fêmeas F1, sendo que, 232 fêmeas receberam a primeira dose inseminante 12 h após a detecção de cio e as doses subseqüentes em intervalos de 12 h, enquanto 106 fêmeas foram inseminadas imediatamente após a ovulação, confirmada por ultra-sonografia em tempo real. Taxas de concepção e parição (TPAR) para a IAIC (98,9% e 97,9%, respectivamente), foram maiores (P < 0,001) às observadas para a IAPC (87,1% e 84,3%, respectivamente). Tanto para taxa de concepção como TPAR, os índices observados para o T8 foram numericamente inferiores aos demais tratamentos, porém sem diferença significativa ( P > 0,05). O total de leitões nascidos por parto não diferiu entre os tratamentos (P = 0,09). Para as fêmeas com 1, 2 , 3 ou mais partos, a TPAR foi igual a 90,2%, 82,7% e 88,9% (P = 0,40). No entanto, o total de leitões nascidos foi influenciado pela ordem de parto (OP) das matrizes, sendo inferior (P = 0,0004) para fêmeas primíparas (9,1 ± 0,4) do que para fêmeas com 2 e 3 ou mais partos (11,5 ± 0,5 e 11,5 ± 0,2, respectivamente). Também houve interação entre o efeito dos tratamentos e a OP com relação ao tamanho de leitegada, pois a resposta foi inferior (P < 0,05) em fêmeas primíparas em alguns dos tratamentos com IAPC. Com isso, podemos concluir que o método de IAPC, em condições de rotina em uma granja comercial, atingiu índices de desempenho reprodutivo semelhantes quando comparado com o IAIC, com doses de até 1 x 10 9 espermatozóides.

L’infection persistante par les papillomavirus (HPV) dits « à haut risque » induit le cancer du col. Chez les femmes infectées par le VIH, les infections par ces HPV oncogènes et les lésions associées, allant des dysplasies au cancer invasif, sont plus fréquentes, plus sévères et de moins bon pronostic que chez les femmes non porteuses du VIH. Etonnamment, alors qu’il a été clairement établi que l’importance de la pathologie liée à HPV est directement proportionnelle au degré d’immunodépression des patientes porteuses du VIH, il n’a pas pu être démontré qu’un traitement antirétroviral efficace contre le VIH permettant d’améliorer l’immunité, diminue l’infection par ces HPV. <p>Entre janvier 2002 et décembre 2012, nous avons constitué une cohorte prospective de dépistage et de suivi de l’infection cervicale par HPV à haut risque incluant plus de 900 femmes traitées à la consultation du Centre de Référence SIDA de l’hôpital Saint-Pierre. Nos résultats montrent que chez ces femmes pour la plupart d’origine Africaine et traitée avec succès pour le VIH depuis plusieurs années, la prévalence et l’incidence de l’infection par HPV oncogène sont beaucoup plus importantes que dans la population belge générale ou que chez les femmes séropositives vivant dans d’autres pays occidentaux. Grâce à un suivi longitudinal de plusieurs années, nous avons pu démontrer que le risque d’être infectée par un HPV oncogène est significativement réduit sous trithérapie anti-VIH sous réserve d’obtenir une charge virale indétectable à <50 cp/ml pendant plus de 3 ans ou une restauration immunitaire à >500 lymphocytes CD4+/µL pendant plus d’un an et demi. Ces résultats ont été confirmés dans l’analyse que nous avons faite sur les nombreuses dysplasies cervicales également retrouvées dans notre cohorte. Enfin, nous avons trouvé que la distribution des génotypes d’HPV de nos patientes est similaire à celle trouvée en Afrique sub-saharienne impliquant que la couverture offerte par les vaccins anti-HPV varie entre moins de 30% pour les vaccins bi- ou quadrivalent actuellement disponibles à 80% pour le vaccin nanovalent en développement. Notre travail met en lumière l’étendue particulièrement importante de l’infection par HPV à haut risque chez les femmes séropositives vivant en Belgique et offre de nouveaux éléments de réflexion afin d’adapter à leurs particularités les recommandations belges et les critères de remboursement à la fois pour le dépistage du cancer cervical et la vaccination anti-HPV.<p>/<p>Persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) called “at high risk” induces cervical cancer. In HIV-positive women, infection with these oncogenic HPV and HPV-induced lesions ranging from cervical dysplasia to invasive cancer are more frequent, more severe and have a worst outcome than in HIV-negative women. An intriguing paradox is that, although it has been clearly demonstrated that high risk HPV infection and associated diseases are increased by progressive immune deficiency, the introduction of efficient therapy against HIV leading to improved immunity has not been associated with a decrease in oncogenic HPV infection or HPV-induced lesions.<p>Between January 2002 and December 2012, we have built a prospective cohort to screen and follow-up cervical infection by high risk HPV in more than 900 women treated for HIV in the AIDS Reference centre of Saint-Pierre Hospital. We have shown that among these women mainly from Sub-Saharan African origin and successfully treated for HIV for several years, the prevalence and incidence rate of high risk HPV are much higher than in the general population from Belgium or in HIV-positive women from other western countries. After several years of longitudinal follow up, we have demonstrated that the risk of infection by oncogenic HPV is significantly reduced by efficient therapy against HIV provided that HIV viral load has been sustainly suppressed below 50 cp/ml for more than 3 years or that immunity has been increased more than 500 CD4+T cells/µl for more than 1.5 years. These results have been confirmed in the analysis on cervical dysplasia which is also very prevalent in our cohort. At last, we have found that the HPV genotype distribution in our population is very similar to the one found in Sub-Saharan Africa. We have estimated that the coverage offered by the vaccines against HPV in our cohort is less than 30% for the currently available bi- or quadrivalent vaccine but reaches 80% with the future nanovalent vaccine. Our results highlight many differences in the HPV infection and associated diseases in HIV-positive women compared to HIV-negative women; these differences should be taken into account to adapt to our specific population the current Belgian guidelines or the reimbursement criteria on cervical screening and on vaccines against HPV. <p> / Doctorat en Sciences médicales / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The cervical preparation is essential to achieve the proper cleaning and shap-ing the root canal. In mandibular molars, this procedure must be performed carefully, since the concavity present in the furcation area reduces the thickness of dentin. The actual study ex vivo evaluation the effects of instruments on cervical preparation by cone beam computed tomography. A total of 40 canals from mandibular molars were divided into 4 groups: Group I Gates-Glidden #2 e #3; Group II Largo #1 e #2; Group III LA-Axxess 20/.06, 35/.06 and Group IV CPdrill®. The dentin thickness of the distal cervical wall of mesial canals was measured before and after the cervical preparation by software I-CATvision®. The result of the remain dentin thickness, were subjected to statistical analysis (one-way ANOVA), which showed no difference between the groups tested (p=0.684). This study, the drills used for cervical prepara-tion were considered safe and did not damage the dentin structure of the distal wall of mesial root canals of mandibular molars. / O preparo do terço cervical é imprescindível para lograr a correta limpeza e modelagem do canal radicular. Em molares inferiores, esse procedimento deve ser realizado com atenção, visto que, a concavidade presente na área de furca reduz a espessura dentinária. O presente estudo ex vivo avaliou o desgaste promovido na parede distal da raiz mesial de primeiros molares inferiores, através da tomografia computadorizada cone beam, após o uso de quatro brocas acionadas a motor. Um total de 40 canais radiculares foram utilizados e divididos, randomicamente, em qua-tro grupos: Grupo I Gates-Glidden #2 e #3; Grupo II Largo #1 e #2; Grupo III LA-Axxess 20/0.06 e 35/0.06 e Grupo IV CPdrill®. A espessura dentinária da pare-de distal dos canais mesiais, a 2mm da furca, foi mensurada antes e após o preparo cervical, através do software I-CATvision®. Os resultados do desgaste, produzido pelas brocas, foram submetidos à análise estatística (one-way ANOVA), na qual não demonstraram diferença entre os grupos testados (p=0.684). As brocas utilizadas foram consideradas seguras para o preparo cervical, na amostra analisada, e não apresentaram danos na parede dentinária distal.

Water is essential in the life of human beings, and, if used in therapeutic way through the Aquatic Physical Therapy, it promotes health and the recovery of countless diseases. In this work some of the artifacts used in the Aquatic Physical Therapy were analyzed with the objective of proposing their improvement. For that, supports for head and cervical column and boards already available in the Brazilian market, were selected for study. A survey of users' satisfaction it was made, with base in interviews with patients and reports of physiotherapists' experiences. The artifacts were considered in agreement with the stages suggested by design methods. Then recommendations were offered in order to present therapeutic options for those who employ such products with therapeutic ends. The main contribution of this study is to demonstrate to physiotherapists one way in which they cam participate in morphologic, functional and use evaluation of artifacts of their everyday use, and the professional role in the improvement of the function of such products. / A água é essencial na vida do ser humano, e, se utilizada de forma terapêutica através da Fisioterapia Aquática, promove o bem-estar e a recuperação de inúmeros distúrbios. Neste trabalho, alguns dos artefatos utilizados na Fisioterapia Aquática foram analisados com o objetivo de propor o seu aprimoramento. Para isso foram estudados alguns posicionadores de coluna cervical e cabeça e pranchas disponíveis no mercado brasileiro, foi feita uma sondagem da satisfação dos usuários com base em entrevistas a pacientes e relatos de experiências de fisioterapeutas. Os artefatos foram estudados de acordo com as etapas sugeridas por metodologias projetuais. A partir daí recomendações foram oferecidas no sentido de apresentar opções terapêuticas a serem usadas no meio aquático pelos pacientes. Por fim, a principal contribuição deste estudo é a demonstração de um modo de participação do fisioterapeuta na avaliação morfológica e funcional dos artefatos que utiliza e do seu papel na melhoria da função desses no atendimento fisioterapêutico.

O Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) é uma prevalente infecção do mundo atual, sendo o comportamento sexual um fator determinante para a o acometimento da infecção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o HPV em diferentes sítios de infecção, buscando um maior entendimento do seu mecanismo de disseminação. Foram analisadas amostras das mucosas cervical, oral e do sangue de 50 pacientes do sexo feminino. Foram identificados o HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-31 e HPV-33. Nenhuma paciente foi negativa para os quatro tipos nos três sítios. O HPV-16 foi o mais detectado e o mais prevalente nos três sítios, simultaneamente, 32 pacientes apresentaram esse perfil. Todos os tipos virais presentes no sangue, também estavam presentes na mucosa cervical, na mucosa oral ou em ambas. Foram identificados seis achados citológicos, sugestivos da infecção pelo HPV. Foi realizada a detecção dos transcritos virais de E6, E6/E7 e L1 nos três sítios. Os resultados do nosso trabalho demonstram a alta prevalência do HPV, a atividade viral nos três sítios analisados e a provável disseminação do vírus. / Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most prevalent infections of the current world, with sexual behavior being one determining fator of infection. The objective of this study was to study HPV in different sites of infection, seeking a better understanding of its mechanism and spreading. Cervical, oral and blood mucosa samples from 50 female patients were analyzed. HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-31 and HPV-33 were identified. No patient was negative in the four types at all three sites. HPV-16 was the most detected and the most prevalent in the three sites, simultaneously, 32 patients presented this profile. All viral types present in the blood were also present in the cervical mucosa, oral mucosa, or both. Six cytological findings were identified, suggestive of infection by HPV. Detection of viral transcripts of E6, E6 / E7 and L1 was performed at the three sites. The results of our study demonstrate the high prevalence of HPV, viral activity in the three sites analyzed and the probable virus spreading.

Author: Bc. Veronika Valášková Title of thesis: Physiotherapy after cervical spine surgery - literature research. Aims: The aim of my diploma thesis is to give an overview of physiotherapeutic care after cervical intervertebral disc herniation surgery. Methods: The diploma thesis is processed as a research of literacy sources. Fifteen studies were selected that met the required study selection criteria. All studies focused on postoperative physiotherapy in patients after cervical spine surgery by the anterior approach. The diploma thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical, deals with anatomy, kinesiology, biomechanics of the cervical spine, surgical techniques and subsequent complications that may occur after surgery. The second part is the methodology itself, which processes the available information about postoperative physiotherapy. Results: The results of the diploma thesis show that in the early phase after the operation, active exercise in the shoulder joints, respiratory physiotherapy, strengthening the deep flexors of the cervical spine are most recommended. In the long term, emphasis is placed on strengthening the muscles of the cervical spine, increasing the stability of the cervical spine and increasing the overall condition. The cervical collar is not primarily...

Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis / Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the etiologic agents of most cervical dysplasia and all cervical carcinoma. Integration of high risk HPV into the human genome is thought to be a critical event in the progression from cervical dysplasia to invasive cervical carcinoma. The ability to use molecular assays in the detection and evaluation of HPV integration is essential in informing clinical models for early intervention and therapies. We therefore sought to determine the feasibility of real time-PCR (RT-PCR) as a molecular tool in detecting the physical state, episomal versus integration of HPV 16 and 18 DNA in cervical cancers. Tyramide amplified fluorescent DNA in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to look for evidence of HPV 16/18 integration using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of cervical carcinomas. RT-PCR used the ratio of the E2 and E6 genes as a surrogate for determining the physical state of HPV 16 and 18 in 35 infected tissues. Results of RT-PCR showed that 16 cervical specimens (45.7%) contained episomal HPV, 17 cervical samples (48.6%) harbored the integrated form of HPV DNA, and 2 samples (5.7 %) contained both integrated and episomal forms of HPV. Results of the two assays were compared in 25 cervical carcinomas. For 13 of the 25 cervical samples there was an agreement in determining the physical state of HPV. RT-PCR, using the E2/E6 ratio as an assay for HPV integration appears to be promising and may prove to be an essential clinical method in the future.

The thesis evaluates the results of experimental protocol involving the fertility sparing treatment procedure in early stage cervical carcinoma (LAP I protocol). Sentinel lymph node detection and experimental extirpation of afferent channels using laparoscopy and its technical aspects were analysed in prospective group of 85 women. The oncologic results and early/late morbidity show that established surgical procedures can be considered safe with minimal morbidity, provided that the indication criteria are met. The second part analyses the results of 148 women with no further pregnancy plans suffering from cervical tumors less than 2 cm in size with invasion less than half of the stroma (LAP II protocol). The oncological results in our defined group are very good and comparable to 'standard' procedure of modified radical hysterectomy type B or C with lower morbidity. In the separate section the thesis analyses the possibilities of laparoscopy in endometrial cancer treatment including the potentials of use of sentinel lymph node detection and technical aspects of laparoscopy in obese women. Currently the biggest controversy is the use of laparoscopy in malignant ovarian tumors. Our oncogynaecological study group at FN Motol prefers the laparotomic approach and we chose to include the set of advanced...

Published Article / Worldwide, uterine cervical cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers in women, with more than 80% of these cases occurring in developing countries. The South African screening policy and screening program, implemented in 2001, attempt to reduce this incidence of cervical cancer in South Africa. It is essential to treat these women with the best modalities available. This retrospective study focused specifically on the curative potential of radiotherapy administered to patients at the Oncology Department, Bloemfontein, since a new modality of high dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy was implemented in 1994. Late radiation complications were also investigated.

Thesis (M.Tech.: Chiropractic)-Dept. of Chiropractic, Durban Institute of Technology, 2005 xiii, 70 leaves ; 30 cm / Although studies of manipulation-induced peripheral changes in the muscles have been done, inconsistencies noted by the author’s call for further investigation into the reflex effects of manipulation. Additionally, according to the literature, no effective treatment protocol for the painful shoulder has been found. Therefore this research aimed at addressing these discrepancies by quantifying the immediate effect of cervical spine manipulation in terms of peak torque on rotator cuff musculature in asymptomatic patients with both a cervical spine dysfunction and without. And thus by investigating cervical manipulation to the C4-C7 spinal segment, as a possible added intervention for improving rotator cuff muscle peak torque, a more efficient and effective management protocol for the painful shoulder could be attained. Thus the aims for this study included: 1) To evaluate whether manipulation has an effect on rotator cuff peak torque or not, utilizing the Cybex Orthotron II Isokinetic Rehabilitation System; 2) To ascertain whether manipulation of the specific levels has an effect on the rotator cuff peak torque or not and 3) To ascertain whether the presence or absence