Orientador: Evely Boruchovitch / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T07:12:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bortoletto_Denise_M.pdf: 1632704 bytes, checksum: 1188a73075c7d60b99990fe120b6ebff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: As estratégias de aprendizagem e as de regulação emocional são importantes para a autorregulação acadêmica, pois proporcionam ao estudante possibilidades de consciência e de controle de seu pensamento, bem como seu estado afetivo. Tendo como referencial teórico a Psicologia Cognitiva baseada na Teoria do Processamento da Informação, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi descrever as estratégias de aprendizagem e de regulação emocional de 298 estudantes, de variadas idades, de ambos os sexos e de diferentes anos do curso de Pedagogia de universidades públicas brasileiras. Buscou-se também identificar possíveis relações entre as variáveis estudadas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questões abertas e por duas escalas do tipo Likert, uma para avaliar as estratégias de aprendizagem e a outra, para a regulação emocional. Os dados objetivos foram analisados quantitativamente mediante procedimentos de estatística descritiva e inferencial, ao passo que as questões abertas foram estudadas qualitativamente, por meio da análise categorial. Os resultados apontam que os universitários relataram fazer uso de estratégias de aprendizagem e de regulação emocional. Quanto às estratégias de aprendizagem, os estudantes afirmaram utilizar, em sua rotina de estudos, estratégias de aprendizagem cognitivas e metacognitivas, no entanto também mencionaram usar estratégias prejudiciais ao seu processo de aprender. No que se refere à regulação emocional, os participantes citaram empregar estratégias apropriadas para o controle das suas emoções. Os dados ainda mostram que as mulheres são mais estratégicas que os homens e que os estudantes mais velhos afirmam empregar mais estratégias de aprendizagem e de regulação emocional que seus colegas mais jovens. Frente ao reduzido número de estudos nacionais que investigam as estratégias de aprendizagem e as estratégias de regulação emocional nos cursos de formação de professores, tem-se a expectativa de que as informações obtidas nesta pesquisa possam contribuir para a melhor compreensão da relação entre essas variáveis e que os resultados encontrados possam se tornar úteis para os cursos de Pedagogia, rumo à formação de futuros docentes mais estratégicos e autorregulados. / Abstract: Learning and emotional regulation strategies are important for academic self-regulation, because they give to the student an opportunity be conscious and to control their thinking and their emotional state. The theorethical reference to this search was Cognitive Psychology based on the Theory of Information Processing and the aim was to describe learning and emotional regulation strategies of 298 varying ages, both genders students at different years of Brazilian Education College Faculties of in public universities. One aimed also to identify the possible relationship between the studied variables. Data collection used open questions and two Likert scales, one to evaluate learning strategies and another to emotional regulation. Objective data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistic procedures and open questions had a qualitative study by content analysis. Results show that the university students reported making use of learning and emotional regulation strategies. Concerning to the first one, they reported to use, in their study routine, cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies but they mentioned also to use strategies that that impair their learning process. They also reported to use appropriated strategies to control their emotions. Data show that women are more strategic than men and the older students seem to apply more strategies than the younger fellows. Due to the reduced number of national studies that investigate learning and emotional regulation strategies in teachers training courses it is expected that the information obtained in this research may contribute to the better comprehension of the relationship between these variables as well these results may be useful to Education courses in order to train more strategic and self regulated future teachers. / Mestrado / Psicologia Educacional / Mestre em Educação

Language learning strategies have been given a large role in the Swedish curriculum for modern languages and the usage of strategies is one of the requirements for getting a passing grade in the subject. However, language learning strategies is a term that is hard to grasp when seeing it without a context. Even in a context it can be hard to explain what is really meant. This study tries to explain what language learning strategies are in relation to the Swedish school system and aims to find out if these strategies are to be found and how they are used in two Swedish-German textbooks.The study shows that there are no explicit examples where a certain type of languagelearning strategy is to be found. Nevertheless, there are multiple instances where both books offer assignments that can lead to the usage of said strategies.

Regulating emotions is a vital part of everyday life. With the development of modern digital technology such as smartphones, research on emotion regulation has now entered a new era. Emerging questions include how and why different strategies for emotion regulation are being applied in the digital world, and what consequences this may have, when easily accessible tools for emotion regulation now are available at all times and places. This thesis presents a systematic review of current literature on cognitive strategies for emotion regulation in relation to smartphone use. A systematic search was done on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. 13 publications met the inclusion criterias. Identified cognitive strategies with significant correlations to smartphone use were blaming others, catastrophizing, cognitive reappraisal, mindfulness, positive reappraisal, rumination, self-blame, and emotional suppression. Findings indicate that engagement in specific cognitive strategies vary in both adaptivity and in correlation to different smartphone uses, implicating especially the adaptiveness of mindfulness in regard to problematic smartphone use. Limitations and implications for further research are discussed. / Emotionsreglering är en viktig del av livet. Med utvecklingen av modern digital teknologi som exempelvis smartphones, har nu forskningen om emotionsreglering tagit ett steg in i en ny era. Nya frågor inkluderar hur och varför olika strategier för emotionsreglering appliceras i den digitala världen, och vilka konsekvenser detta kan få, när digitala medel för emotionsreglering nu är tillgängliga på alla tider och platser. Denna rapport presenterar en systematisk litteraturöversikt över kognitiva strategier för emotionsreglering kopplade till smartphoneanvändande. En systematisk sökning gjordes på PubMed, Scopus och Web of Science. 13 artiklar uppfyllde inklusionskriterierna. Kognitiva strategier med signifikant korrelation till smartphoneanvändande var grubbel, katastroftankar, skuldbeläggande av sig själv och andra, undertryckande av känslouttryck, kognitiv omvärdering och medveten närvaro. Fynden indikerar att användandet av specifika kognitiva strategier varierar i både adaptivitet och i korrelation till olika former av smartphoneanvändande, med indikationer om att framför allt medveten närvaro är en adaptiv strategi i kontexten av problematiskt smartphoneanvändande. Begränsningar och implikationer för framtida forskning diskuteras.

The main research question was What are the relationships between parenting style, self-regulated learning (SRL) and the academic achievement of selected (upper) primary school students in Ethiopia? The following specific research questions were formulated: • What are the views of the students on the parenting styles, and on parental acceptance and control, the cognitive strategies they use, and their self-regulated learning? • What is the relationship between parenting style and SRL? • What is the relationship between parenting style and academic achievement? • What is the relationship between SRL and academic achievement? • Does SRL moderate the relationship between parenting style and academic achievement? In this study a correlational design was used, but it was also exploratory and descriptive. Data were collected by means of a self-report questionnaire, while the academic achievements of the students were derived from official records. The questionnaire was completed by 477 randomly selected students from two classes in each of five schools in Hawasa, Ethiopia. The analysis of the data was done by means of descriptive, correlation, and ANOVA tests. The major findings included the following: Most of the children experienced acceptance by their parents, in particular from their female parents/guardians. The best levels of acceptance were, for example, “When I get a poor grade at school, my parents encourage me to try harder”, or “I can count on my parents to help me if I have some kind of a problem”, and “My parents keep pushing me to do my best in whatever I do”. However, it was found that the parents seldom spent time merely talking to their children. The female parents/guardians seemed to control their children more than the male parents/guardians, and were more involved with their children. The children, though, also believed that their parents/guardians did not really know how they spent their leisure time. More often the children perceived their parents as being neglectful. Regarding their cognitive strategies, the students particularly made use of memorization. The cognitive strategies of the children whose parents were authoritative were significantly better than those of the other children. When a student’s self-regulation increased, his/her cognitive strategies also increased, and when the cognitive strategies improved, so did the average achievement. The parents’ parenting styles were also significantly related to their children’s achievement, and were moderated by cognitive strategies as co-variants. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Psychology of Education)

Some learners in South Africa perform poorly in school, especially in Mathematics. In 2010 the Department of Basic Education announced their concern regarding the pass rate. The National Education Department circulated a report in 2008 on some Grade 3 and Grade 6 learners who took part in a research project and only achieved level one and two in literacy (vocabulary), as well as numeracy (Mathematics). Several factors contribute to this shocking situation, such as the absence of the use of meta-cognitive strategies, number strategies, as well as language strategies. The prime goal of this study was to investigate the use of meta-cognitive strategies and Mathematical vocabulary during problem solving by Grade 7 learners. Three primary schools were invited to participate in the qualitative investigation. From these schools three top achievers (one per school) and three under-achievers (one per school) were invited to participate in the quantitative investigation. The study includes the results of the quantitative aspects of the investigation. Learners had to answer questions about predictions, achievements, control, as well as evaluation during the quantitative investigation. During this process, most of the learners predicted that they would do well and evaluated that they did well, but their marks for the questions about their achievements and control were in fact different. It is important to inform Mathematics teachers and learners about meta-cognitive strategies and Mathematical vocabulary, and the influence it can have on the learners’ achievements, as well as the positive effect during the learning of Mathematics. / MEd (Mathematics Education), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

La compréhension orale est une activité langagière complexe, redoutée par les élèves francophones, qui obtiennent de faibles résultats. Face à ces difficultés, les autorités éducatives encouragent les professeurs à utiliser les TICE (Technologies de l'Information et la Communication pour l'Enseignement), dont ils ne perçoivent pas toujours les plus-values. Partant de l'hypothèse que pour améliorer les compétences des élèves il faudrait entraîner ceux-ci en développant des stratégies d'apprentissage, en particulier métacognitives, cette étude a cherché comment intégrer le baladeur vidéo numérique pour entraîner à la compréhension orale. Elle fait état d'une expérimentation menée pendant quatre mois dans quatre classes de première en lycée général, chaque groupe travaillant selon un protocole différent, visant à tester l'effet de l'usage de baladeurs vidéo numériques et du développement explicite de stratégies de compréhension orale. On a cherché dans quelle mesure l'usage de l'outil numérique utilisé pouvait être porteur de motivation et constaté qu'il permettait aux élèves de s'investir davantage dans l'activité, mais sans que ceci améliore nécessairement l'apprentissage. Au travers des parcours créés sur les baladeurs, on a cherché à développer des stratégies cognitives et métacognitives, et observé que l'usage des élèves ne suivait pas toujours les usages prescrits, ainsi que des changements dans la classe en termes d'interactions. L'usage du baladeur et des stratégies développées a eu un impact sur les performances des élèves en termes de métacognition et perception, mais pas en termes de niveau de compréhension. Ces résultats amènent à s'interroger sur les manières de soutenir et entraîner les apprenants à la compréhension orale en anglais, et à aborder plus généralement la problématique des aides dans l'apprentissage des langues médiatisé par les technologies. / Listening is a complex language competence, dreadful to French students, whose results are low. In reaction to those difficulties, educational authorities encourage teachers to use digital tools whose advantages are not always clear for teachers. Assuming that students should be trained with learning strategies, particularly metacognitive strategies, this study tried to assess how digital video players could develop listening skills. It relates an experiment which took place in a French high school during a four-month period, with four groups working differently, in order to test the use of digital video players and of explicit listening strategies. The use of digital video players played a role in the motivation of students as it enabled them to be engaged in the activity, which did not necessarily mean they were learning more. Guided work on the video players aimed at developing cognitive and metacognitive strategies, and we observed the way students complied with the guidelines they had been given, as well as the changes introduced in the classroom in terms of interactions. The use of digital video players and strategies had an impact on the students' skills in terms of metacognition and perception, but not on the students' listening performance. Those results question the way listeners should be helped and trained when listening to English texts, and more broadly how to deal with the issue of technology-mediated language learning.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:01:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao de Welington Ribeiro da Silva.pdf: 4649282 bytes, checksum: df9a62942fe73efa527f2a6fa6fe38a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-02 / The present work investigates the acquisition of the concept of rational number in its fractional representation in a group of 36 seventh grade students of the fundamental schooling, in a public school of Guarapari/ES. The students developed activities about fraction for about one year. In the year 2009, it was realized a pilot study with the students from this class when they were in the sixth grade. In the year 2010 (in the second semester), the students were investigated by research activities and records developed in the lessons. It was planned and implemented a pedagogical intervention with thirty nine classrooms. These considered the cognitive, affective, social and moral development of the students. And, at the same time, they took advantage of their previous experiences with fractions. The pedagogical intervention let them look again to initial concepts of fraction already studied in previous school years. It searched to instigate the students, and to comprehend cognitive strategies used by them, while conducting them in the process of (re)discovering and (re)constructing the different meanings of fraction. This occurred while they were experimenting and manipulating with concrete materials and/or graphical representations. In the study we describe some cognitive strategies used by the students. We verified disconnection between students‟ comprehension about division and fraction. At the beginning, and during the research, the students` strategies were limited to emphasize the part-whole meaning of fraction. At the initial phases of the work, we observed a strong tendency from some students in associating the fraction idea in geometrical shapes as the relationship between the colored parts to the non-colored ones of a shape. In addition to that, they showed not to comprehend the other ideas and meanings of fraction as part-whole, ratio, division or quotient and of multiplicative operator. During the investigation path, it was taken into consideration the students` informal knowledge, and the different strategies used by them in both individual and group activities. This praised students` knowledge, actions, cognitive strategies and dialogues in classroom. And this promoted interactions among the students and with the teacher with respect to mathematics, and in particular, the fraction concept. This offered a view about the several meanings linked with fraction. In other words, it offered diversity of teaching and learning processes as well as reflections about students` strategies and teacher`s teaching methods. The work restored students` self-esteem who felt completely incapable of learning mathematics because they had remained previously in the same school year two or more time due to their several failure experiences with mathematics. The students felt able to learning mathematics, solving activities and problems and enjoying studying mathematics. The results display the importance of student`s action in the learning tasks through the reconstruction of fraction meanings in the school experience in order to occur a meaningful learning situation. The investigation points out the need to explore the acquisition of rational numbers in several situations and in different contexts, and in this way to rethink the teaching of fraction in school / Este trabalho investiga a aquisição do conceito de número racional em sua representação fracionária em um grupo de 36 estudantes do sétimo ano do Ensino Fundamental, numa escola pública do município de Guarapari/ES. Os alunos desenvolveram atividades sobre fração durante cerca de um ano. Em 2009, foi realizado um estudo piloto com os alunos no sexto ano. Em 2010 (segundo semestre), investigou-se esses alunos por meio de atividades de pesquisa e registros desenvolvidos nas aulas. Foi planejada e realizada uma intervenção pedagógica com trinta e nove aulas. Essas consideravam o desenvolvimento cognitivo, afetivo, social e moral dos estudantes. E, ao mesmo tempo, aproveitavam experiências anteriores deles com frações. A intervenção pedagógica permitia-lhes retomar conceitos iniciais de fração, já estudados em anos anteriores. Buscou-se instigar os alunos e compreender estratégias cognitivas usadas por eles, conduzindo-os no processo de (re)descoberta e (re)construção dos diferentes significados de fração. Isso ocorreu enquanto iam experimentando e manipulando com materiais concretos e/ou representações gráficas. No estudo, nós descrevemos algumas estratégias cognitivas utilizadas pelos alunos. Verificamos desconexão entre a compreensão dos alunos sobre divisão e fração. De início, e mesmo no decorrer da pesquisa, as estratégias dos alunos se limitavam a enfatizar o significado de parte-todo. Nas fases iniciais de nosso trabalho, constatamos uma forte tendência de alguns alunos em associar a ideia de fração em figuras geométricas como a relação entre as partes pintadas e as partes não pintadas de uma figura. Além de demonstrarem não compreender as outras ideias e significados de fração como parte-todo, razão, divisão ou quociente, e operador multiplicativo. Durante o caminhar da investigação levou-se em consideração o conhecimento informal dos alunos, e as diferentes estratégias utilizadas por eles em atividades individuais e em grupo. Isso valorizou conhecimentos, ações, estratégias cognitivas e diálogos dos alunos em aula. E promoveu interações entre eles e com o professor a respeito de matemática e, em particular, do conceito de fração. Isso proporcionou um olhar sobre os diversos significados associados com o tema. Ou seja, permitiu diversidade de processos de ensino e aprendizagem, assim como reflexão sobre as estratégias usadas pelos alunos e procedimentos de ensino do professor. O trabalho resgatou a autoestima de alunos que se sentiam anteriormente incapacitados de aprender matemática por terem duas ou mais reprovações anteriores em matemática. Os alunos se sentiram capazes de aprender, resolver atividades e problemas matemáticos e gostar de estudar matemática. Os resultados revelam a importância da atuação do aluno nas tarefas de aprendizagem por meio da reconstrução de significados de fração na experiência escolar para que ocorra uma situação de aprendizagem significativa. A pesquisa aponta a necessidade de explorar a aquisição de números racionais em várias situações e em diferentes contextos, e assim repensar o ensino de fração na escola

Att ha ett brett språkregister har betydelse för vilka möjligheter individen ges för att kunna verka i samhället. Språket är nyckeln för att bland annat kunna uttrycka sig, stärka identiteten och sätta sig in i andra individers kulturer, tankar och sätt att se på världen. Färdigheter, motivation, strategier och tidigare kunskap ingår i läsförståelseutvecklingen och beskrivs som ett rörligt och målmedvetet förlopp. Uppdraget som ligger hos skolan är att hjälpa eleverna att stärka sitt självförtroende kring läsning så att motivationen och intresset för läsning ökar. Finns självförtroendet, väcks motivationen och intresset vilket i sin tur ökar chanserna att eleverna på fritiden väljer att läsa. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka relationen kring läsförståelse och motivationsfrämjande stöd i grundskolan. Uppsatsen ger en överblick över forskningen om läsförståelsen bland svenska elever, tar upp vilka orsakerna bakom den försämrade läsförståelsen kan tänkas vara, förklarar varför det är viktigt att elever besitter god läsförståelse samt redogör för vad konsekvenserna blir om eleverna inte besitter kunskapen. Vidare belyser uppsatsen motivationens roll för att främja elevers utveckling av sin läsförståelse, i vilken utsträckning motivationen kan påverka elevers läsförståelse samt vilka faktorer som ligger bakom att individer blir motiverade och hur lärare kan nyttja motivationsfrämjande stöd i sin undervisning. Begreppen läsförståelse och motivation definieras, samt en redogörelse presenteras kring vad som utgör dessa två begrepp. Relationen mellan läsförståelse och motivation har i forskningen visat sig vara aningen vag, då det inte är tydligt hur stor påverkan motivation har för god läsförståelse. Trots detta har motivation ändå en relevans för läsförståelse då det ses som en av byggstenarna som utgör begreppet läsförståelse. Vår slutsats kring motivationens relation till läsförståelse är att motivationen spelar en betydande roll kring läsutveckling och läsförståelse och att motivationsfrämjande stöd bör ges till alla elever baserat på deras individuella förutsättningar.

A training method utilized in a few martial arts was found to agree strongly with current cognitive psychology theory. Further study extracted a procedural model for learning a complex set of whole-body, dyadic motor skills involving high-speed, interactive, continuous situation assessment and decision making. A broader literature survey found relevance in several fields of research, supporting the definition of four performance dimensions in the activity. Data collected from one experienced student partnering with each of ten students of various experience levels was analyzed on these four dimensions. These dimensions were found sufficient to show both individual differences and changes across an instructional intervention. Strong correlations found under linear regression were supportive of anecdotal evidence from the model??s long empirical history in training. Data provided evidence of a self-organizing dynamic emerging from the interaction of a dyad participating in this activity, and of individual differences in cognitive resource management dynamically setting allocation priorities among specific aspects of a complex motor/cognitive activity. Highly individual responses demonstrate a mechanism for insight into students that are difficult to read. Numerous comparisons and contrasts show interactivity of performance dimensions. Impact is foreseen for research, training and testing in motor learning fields, as well as situation awareness, decision making and military tactical training. Further research is recommended to replicate these findings, test hypotheses derived from them, and to extend testing of the drill-network model into other fields of learning.

A training method utilized in a few martial arts was found to agree strongly with current cognitive psychology theory. Further study extracted a procedural model for learning a complex set of whole-body, dyadic motor skills involving high-speed, interactive, continuous situation assessment and decision making. A broader literature survey found relevance in several fields of research, supporting the definition of four performance dimensions in the activity. Data collected from one experienced student partnering with each of ten students of various experience levels was analyzed on these four dimensions. These dimensions were found sufficient to show both individual differences and changes across an instructional intervention. Strong correlations found under linear regression were supportive of anecdotal evidence from the model??s long empirical history in training. Data provided evidence of a self-organizing dynamic emerging from the interaction of a dyad participating in this activity, and of individual differences in cognitive resource management dynamically setting allocation priorities among specific aspects of a complex motor/cognitive activity. Highly individual responses demonstrate a mechanism for insight into students that are difficult to read. Numerous comparisons and contrasts show interactivity of performance dimensions. Impact is foreseen for research, training and testing in motor learning fields, as well as situation awareness, decision making and military tactical training. Further research is recommended to replicate these findings, test hypotheses derived from them, and to extend testing of the drill-network model into other fields of learning.