Neste trabalho apresentamos uma reflexão crítica sobre a formação de pesquisadores em física. Nossas perspectivas são em parte reproduzidas em uma proposta de ensino que é elaborada e analisadas sobre a ótica da obra de Bruno Latour, autor que se situa no campo dos estudos sociais da ciência. Essa proposta foi trabalhada com alunos dos terceiro semestre de Bacharelado em Física do Instituto de Física da Universidade de São Paulo (IFUSP). A intervenção educacional foi inspirada também na problematização do conhecimento segundo a perspectiva dos estudos de Paulo Freire. A proposta tem como eixo central um estudo histórico da relação massa energia, E=mc2. Esse estudo contempla obras de historiadores da ciência e de físicos, e se refere aos períodos pré e pós-relativísticos, além de buscar fazer uma ponte com a história da física nuclear. Um dos nossos objetivos é compreender melhor como a história da ciência pode ser um instrumento para estimular futuros pesquisadores a refletir sobre a prática científica. Como forma de enriquecer a análise e a proposta que fazemos, esse trabalho traz também algumas entrevistas com pesquisadores docentes do IFUSP. As entrevistas e sua análise constituem uma breve investigação sobre a relação entre ensino e pesquisa na universidade e sobre a presença ou não de reflexões sobre a prática e a natureza da ciência por parte destes pesquisadores docentes. Acreditamos que esse tipo de abordagem é importante nos cursos de bacharelado, pois ela pode favorecer a formação de um futuro pesquisador crítico, autônomo e consciente, que reflita sua prática, seus objetivos e os impactos de sua atividade. / The present record contains a critical reflection about research training programs in physics. Our purposes are in some measure supported on a teaching plan developed and analyzed under Bruno Latour\'s ideas, an author immersed in the social studies about science. This proposal was implemented with students of the third period of a physics graduation course of the Institute of Physics of the University of São Paulo. The education intervention was also inspired on Paulo Freire\'s idea of problematization of knowledge. The core of this proposal is a historical analysis about the relation mass-energy, E=mc². This study is based on works of historians of science and physicians and involves the period pre and pos theory of relativity. Furthermore, it intends to establish a relation with the history of nuclear physics. With all this, one of our objectives is to comprehend better how history of science can be a strategy to stimulate future reflections about scientific work by researchers. As a way to enrich this analysis and this proposal, this record also presents some interviews with researchers on physics of the Institute of Physics. The interviews and its analysis constitute a brief examination about the relation between teaching and researching in the university and the presence of considerations about scientific work and the nature of science in the arguments of these researchers. We believe that this kind of approach is important in physics graduation courses, since it can foster the formation of a critical, independent and conscious researcher that ponders over his actions, intentions and the impacts of his activities.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2017-04-18T16:55:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniela Pederiva Pensin_.pdf: 1574064 bytes, checksum: b54930bbd82b071fa3ed442b444ce31b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-18T16:55:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniela Pederiva Pensin_.pdf: 1574064 bytes, checksum: b54930bbd82b071fa3ed442b444ce31b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-23 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / PROEX - Programa de Excelência Acadêmica / Ao tomar como objeto a docência na educação superior e perguntar sobre como os discursos constituem e o que enunciam sobre ela, a presente pesquisa propõe-se a problematiza-la e o faz inspirada nos estudos de orientação foucaultiana, servindo-se do discurso como conceito teórico-metodológico. A busca por este objetivo mobilizou ações específicas de estudo que organizam os primeiros capítulos desta Tese, tratando de reconhecer a constituição histórica e contextualizada da docência e indicar os contornos do território da docência na educação superior, além de posicionamentos que a tomam como um tipo específico de docência e de dar visibilidade ao que se coloca como verdades sobre ela. Ao escolher-se a constituição da docência na educação superior como problemática investigativa, optou-se por tomar como superfície analítica os Projetos Pedagógicos Institucionais de nove universidades do Rio Grande do Sul, cuja abrangência temporal se dá no período compreendido entre os anos de 2000 e 2014. Consideraram-se como condição de possibilidade para a constituição da docência na educação superior no presente o contexto marcado pela lógica do empresariamento da educação superior, as demandas que se colocam à educação superior em função de um projeto de sociedade em curso e a noção de que haja uma especificidade em relação à docência neste nível escolar, o que acaba por organizar formas de conceber e fazer a docência. Constatou-se que a docência na educação superior no presente opera pelo agenciamento. As análises conduziram para a compreensão de que a docência mobiliza, ao operar, três dimensões que se entrecruzam: a dimensão da humanização; a dimensão do mercado; a dimensão do conhecimento e tecnologia. Enfim, nesta Tese apresentam-se argumentos organizados em torno da compreensão de que a docência na educação superior no presente opera pelo agenciamento, o que faz com que seja compreendida como uma ação intencional, sistemática e organizada de atuação sobre e com o outro de modo a potencializar este outro, de produzir algo capaz de produzir efeitos; uma docência de atuação intervalar, que opera no intervalo entre uma proposta de formação e aquilo/aquele a ser formado num recorte de tempo específico e num cenário marcado por uma forte influência de mercado, por um imperativo científico/tecnológico e por demandas de humanização. / When taking as an object teaching in college education and asking about how the speeches constitute and what they state about it, the presente research propose to problematize it and makes inspired by Foulcaultion orientation studies, using the speech as a concept theoretical-methodological. The search for this objective mobilized specific study actions that organize the first chepters of this Thesis trying to recognize the historical and contextualized constituition of teaching and indicates the contours of the territory of teaching in college education, in addition to placements that take it as a specific type of teaching and giving visibility to what stands as truths about it. When choosing the constitution of teaching in college education as in investigate problem, I opted to take as an analytical surface the Institutional Pedagogical Projects of nine universities in Rio Grande do Sul, whose temporal coverage occurs between the years 2000 and 2014. It was considered as a condition of possibility for the constitution of teaching in college education in the present the context marked by the logic of the manegement of college education, the demands that arise on college education according to a society project in progress and the notion that is a specificity in relation to teaching at is school level, what ends up organizing ways to conceive and to teaching. It was found that teaching in college education in the present operates though relates searches. The analisys led to the undestanding that teaching mobilizes, in operating, three intersect dimensions: the dimension of humanization; the size of the market; the dimension of knowledge and technology. Finally, in this thesis are presented arguments organized aroud the understanding that teaching in college education in the present operates by agenciation, which makes it understood as an intentional, systematic and organized action of acting on and with the other so to potentiate this other, to produce something capable of producing effects; a kind of interval work teaching that operates in range between a training proposal and what is to be formed in a specific time frame and in a scenario marked by a strong market influence, a scientific/thecnological imperative and demands of humanization.

The criteria used to grade college essays have been the subject of research for over three decades. Using quantatative data, this study investigated the differences in essay-grading criteria and essay-grading policy among full-time faculty members who teach English composition in Tennessee's community colleges. This study revealed beliefs about the importance of essay-grading criteria and beliefs about written and unwritten essay-grading policies among those who teach developmental English, college-level English, and those who teach both levels of English. This study hypothesized that there were no differences among the English composition teacher's beliefs about the importance of the twenty essay-grading criteria nor in their beliefs regarding written and unwritten grading policies. Chi-square analysis of the non-parametric data collected during this study indicated statistically significant differences among the English teachers regarding only one of the essay-grading criteria and no statistically significant differences regarding the essay-grading policies.

The purpose of this study was to determine the differences between selected state capital maintenance models and the model used in Tennessee. Research questions addressed the differences between the other selected models and the Tennessee model; the quantitative results of the models using data collected from the 14 Tennessee public two-year colleges, and the policy issue differences of the selected models. Research involved gathering information for each specific selected model including common factors used to calculate capital maintenance needs. Comparisons were made of the major components of each model. Actual data from the 14 Tennessee public two-year colleges was incorporated into each model. The quantitative results were then compared. Research also revealed policy issue differences between the selected models. These differences were examined. Results of this study included suggestions for enhancements to the Tennessee model which would provide more equitable funding of capital maintenance needs for each institution. Other suggestions and conclusions included the development of specific training and guidelines for the proper completion of model calculations. It was also suggested that an awareness campaign be initiated to strengthen the funding authority's commitment to the capital maintenance problem.

This research focused on the motivational orientations of students attending community colleges in western North Carolina. The purpose of the study was to develop a profile of students with disabilities in degree, diploma, or certificate programs, to determine their motivations for enrolling, and compare the results to students without disabilities at the same colleges. Five community colleges were randomly selected from the colleges in the western counties of North Carolina. A stratified random sample of students, both with and without disabilities, was selected. Each student was mailed a copy of the Educational Participation Scale (EPS) modified to collect demographic data. A follow-up reminder was mailed at two-week and four-week intervals. Four hundred sixty-eight questionnaires were distributed. One hundred ninety-eight responses were received for an overall return rate of 42.3%. The results indicated that, among the group of students with disabilities, there was a higher proportion who were female. These students were older, yet less likely to have children in the home and work full-time, as compared to their nondisabled peers. Students with disabilities scored higher on four of the EPS factors; Social Contact, Educational Preparation, Social Stimulation, and Cognitive Interest. These students appear motivated to participate by the opportunity to meet new people and find social stimulation. They also were more likely than their non-disabled counterparts to seek a remedy for past educational deficiencies and satisfy their intellectual curiosities. These results suggest that the main reasons why students with disabilities enroll in community colleges are social and academic concerns. Community colleges need to be sensitive to the unique needs of students with disabilities and design programs and services that emphasize the continuing development of these students.

abstract: The transition experience for students who are transferring from community college to university can be an overwhelming experience for any typical student, but can be even greater for students with vulnerable backgrounds. This phenomenological action research study followed the five-month community college to the university transition experience of five students in a scholarship program. The students participated in a three-part intervention in support of their transition experience. Three theoretical perspectives framed the study: community cultural wealth, transition theory, and transfer student capital. This framework enabled me to first identify the strengths the students possessed, despite their vulnerable backgrounds, through participation in individual interviews. The students then participated in pre- and post-focus groups and completed pre- and post-questionnaires. Through these, they identified which transition coping skills were their strongest and which transfer capital they possessed from their community college experience. They also shared how they applied those prior learned skills and capital at the university. This study revealed how these students utilized their strengths at moments when they lacked certain coping skills and transfer capital during their transition experience. One particular strength was how the students accessed the resources of the scholarship program at the center of this study to help them with their sense of the ability to succeed at the university. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Leadership and Innovation 2019

This article highlights some instances where the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) increased taxes for single parents at the moment their children are pursuing a college education. The article further recaps education credits that were saved (but not increased) by the TCJA and a deduction that was lost. The authors also discuss an implication of the TCJA that could cause the burden on families sending children to college to increase further. Finally, the article captures items that legislators could enact to relieve the additional burden on families with students pursuing a college education.

Since the late 1990s, community colleges have changed strategies to enhance student success, moving from a traditional faculty-focused teaching model to a student-focused learning paradigm using O'Banion's 6 college learning principles to define and guide the learning college model. However, it is unclear how much the model is being used by community colleges or shared with stakeholders. The learning college model, supported by transformational language research on decision making and innovative thinking, provided a conceptual framework for this discourse analysis study. The purpose of this study was to discover the extent to which the language of the learning college model is present on publicly available community college webpages. The 17 website samples were drawn from colleges officially identified as elite learning colleges. Linguistic coding facilitated by applying the 27 discourse analysis questions developed by Gee to encompass O'Banion's 6 college learning principles provided evidence of student-focused learning as a goal at community colleges. Results indicated that learning college principles were presented by all 17 colleges in the study, represented on different pages of their websites. Determining transparent and accessible evidence of the learning college on community college websites provided colleges with a starting point to consider their procedures and the experiences of their students when determining which school is best for them to attend. Students at colleges with a clear learning college mission have the opportunity to collaborate in their learning experiences and to construct knowledge in ways that enhance student success and goal completion, so identifying the presence of such schools can change students' college outcomes.

The recent trend of refugee resettlement in the U.S. has presumably shifted to a new and more hopeful life for refugees. However, refugees experience another phase of challenges once they resettle in the U.S. Their transition from a life of statelessness to that of the citizen in a developed country is a painful experience, yet life has improved economically, especially after years of living in poverty in a refugee camp. The fact that Bhutanese refugee parents choose to resettle in the U.S. is primarily motivated by their hopes for a better education for their children. The following qualitative research study strives to understand both the opportunity gaps and the challenges that Bhutanese refugee students experience. This study also helps to shift the narrative from the student being the problem to the school systems in place that maintains or ameliorate the gaps in opportunities for refugee students in higher education.

Students who enter community colleges in need of developmental education are often at high risk of failure due to identities or perceptions of self, that do not conform to college expectations that can be problematized by age, gender, and ethnicity. Additionally, students' efficacy for using technology may affect completion rates which was examined at Midwest Community College (MCC) through observing a program shifting from teacher-directed course designs with greater teacher-student interaction to technology-directed course designs with greater technology-student interactions. The theoretical foundation of this study was Tinto's theory of student retention based on the belief that student success is facilitated by internalizing a student identity. The research questions were focused on a comparison of student course completion rates between teacher-directed mathematics courses (teacher DMC) and technology-directed mathematics courses (technology DMC). Using logistic regression in a quantitative quasi-experimental design, course completion rates were regressed on course design type, age, gender, and ethnicity for 2,900 students at MCC after a shift from teacher DMC to technology DMC. Key findings showed that technology DMC had a statistically significant effect on completion rates at the .01 significance level. When combined with technology, age had a statistically significant effect on completion rates (.001), but not ethnicity or gender. The results suggest that technology DMC have the potential to improve student retention in developmental education programs and elicit positive social change. This change may positively impact college graduation rates, as it provides support for developmental education programs that can help students complete college.