In the context of significant numbers of Muslim newcomers immigrating to Europe andperceptions of failed integration in Sweden, and in light of the urban conflict andincreasing debates about integration as a one-way or two-way street, this paper sets out a“communication for development”-informed theoretical framework that focuses on thestruggle for social cohesion and immigrant integration in Malmö, Sweden. The paperuses triangulation to view this challenging situation from various perspectives. Not onlydoes this reveal that unemployment and lack of power have taken their toll on agencyamong migrants—particularly Iraqi men—but also that the strongest stories showingimmigration as an asset—particularly Iraqi women—are not being told in the media.Through the use of empirical material from Malmö, this paper contends that participatorycommunication in Malmö is less than participatory, and that integration in Sweden, in itsexpectations, leans uncomfortably close to assimilation. The paper gives examples ofseveral development communication initiatives for integration that have had positiveresults, with strong evidence that community media, as just one example, has proveneffective at improving immigrant integration. The paper concludes that developmentcommunication initiatives show promise for improving social cohesion in Malmö, andthat these can be effective only if the choice to participate, and the choices of initiative,medium and content are made by the migrants themselves.

La politique d’élargissement de l’Union européenne vis-à-vis des pays de l’Europe de l’Est suscite l’intérêt des pays membres envers ces nouveaux adhérents potentiels. Le rôle des médias est particulièrement important dans le processus de transition de ces sociétés. La nécessité d’une démocratisation de l’information et des politiques de communication dans ce nouveau contexte est une des questions les plus étudiées, car la liberté des médias montre le degré de démocratie. Alors qu’autrefois, l’analyse des effets des médias était privilégiée, on scrute aujourd’hui les fondements d’une communication démocratique en s’interrogeant sur la nouvelle configuration du jeu politique sous l’emprise des médias ; sur l’élargissement de l’espace public du fait de l’essor de l’information et de la communication ; sur le statut culturel des médias ; sur l’usage des TIC. La diversité des approches et le foisonnement des angles d’étude peuvent donner l’impression d’un savoir en mosaïque qui souligne la complexité des relations entre les producteurs et les récepteurs de l’information. Ce travail complexe, qui touche à tous les éléments de l’information macédonienne, propose aux lecteurs francophones l’accès à un sujet méconnu. Les principaux objectifs de la présente étude consistent d'une part en la présentation du cadre complet de la sphère médiatique macédonienne et d'autre part en l’analyse des principales questions en lien avec les enjeux politiques et sociaux. L’une des questions centrales de cette étude est ainsi de mettre en lumière les relations complexes qui s’effectuent à travers les médias entre les politiques et les différentes communautés. Toutes ces questions forment le rayonnement médiatique d’un pays, pilier de son existence culturelle, élément essentiel de sa puissance politique et nationale. / The enlargement policy of the European Union concerning the countries of Eastern Europe has triggered considerable interest from the member states for these potential new adherents. The role of media is particularly important in the transition process of these countries. The need for democratization of information and communication policies in this new context is one of the most analyzed issues since media freedom shows the degree of democracy. Despite the fact that in the past it was proven that the analysis of the media effect was privileged, today the foundations of the democratic communication are studied by questioning the new configuration of the political set under the influence of the media, as well as the expansion of the public space in terms of the development of information and communication. In addition, the cultural status of the media is also being inspected along with the use of ICT. The diversity of approaches and the proliferation of angles of study can give the impression of a mosaic knowledge that emphasizes the complexity of the relations between producers and receivers of information. This complex task, which involves all elements of the Macedonian information, proposes to French speaking readers a lesser known subject. The main objectives of this study consist in the presentation of a complete framework of the Macedonian media and also in the analysis of the main problems related to the political and social issues. One of the central points of this study is to highlight the complex relations between politics and communities that are realized through the media. All these subjects create the media influence in one country, which is a pillar of its cultural life, an essential element of its political power and a fundamental factor of its national greatness.

Despite the upsurge in fact-based and verbatim theatre in recent years (Fogarth and Megson 2009: 1), engagement with the form as a technique equally suitable for poetry has been especially limited. This thesis examines the deployment of verbatim methods in a series of poems which constitute the creative element, written in order to (re)present expressions of identity and ideas of imagined community during the 2011 riots in Birmingham. Located in the context of this particular disorder, United We Stand explores both individual and group experiences of the events that took place in Birmingham. The series of verbatim poems draws on data extracted from 25 semi-structured, life-story interviews with participants who lived or worked in the city during these incidents. In doing so, both the thesis and the creative practice that informs it critique Benedict Anderson s earlier model of the nation as an imagined community (1983; 1991; 2006). While quantitative network analysis is deployed to establish the ties between media channels and ordinary citizens that were maintained online through social networking, creative and reported responses published by these same media sources are analysed in relation to national narrative conventions (Billig 2001; Mihelj 2011). This demonstrates that new and popular media played a significant role in (re)presenting imagined communities in this setting. By providing evidence for the existence of these shifting imagined communities across various geographical, social and cultural scales, the thesis suggests that Anderson s decision to focus on the nation is problematic. It argues that his framework is partial and that a new definition of imagined community as both fluid and emergent is necessary. Literary context for the thesis is found in the origins and developments of verbatim; exploring early documentary theatre practice and contemporary verbatim productions by Richard Norton-Taylor, Alecky Blythe, and Gillian Slovo. Through an analysis of Bhanu Kapil Rider s The Vertical Interrogation of Strangers (2001), the thesis illustrates how existing poets have organised comparable methods in their own work. This culminates in a demonstration of practice as research by producing a ground-breaking body of work: United We Stand is a series of poems crafted through the deployment of verbatim methods. The thesis demonstrates that deploying verbatim methods in poetry is suitable for (re)presenting expressions of identity and ideas of imagined community in this context. By transforming the voices of ordinary people of Birmingham, United We Stand reflects the media narratives that precede it: the poems are a direct engagement with the same fluid and emergent imagined communities that they argue existed. More importantly, though, this thesis goes beyond contemporary techniques of verbatim and establishes the evolutionary nature of it as a poetic practice. The combination of verbatim methods and visual-digital tools that I deploy throughout United We Stand results in a new creative process which I have termed Digital Poetic Mimesis.

Il progetto di ricerca indaga la relazione tra agire comunicativo e agency politica, che è caratteristica costitutiva delle pratiche dei media alternativi, nel caso di studio della Red Nacional de Medios Alternativos (RNMA) argentina. Lo studio analizza inoltre le possibilità aperte e i limiti rappresentati dalla forma socio-organizzativa reticolare della RNMA rispetto ai suoi obiettivi politico-comunicativi. Adottando un approccio socio-storico (Costa & Mozejko, 2009), tali pratiche sociali sono analizzate in relazione alle condizioni materiali in cui vengono prodotte e alla capacità d’azione degli agenti sociali che le producono, considerando in maniera processuale l’influenza reciproca tra l’azione degli attori sociali e i limiti imposti dalla struttura dentro la quale si collocano le loro scelte. La ricerca analizza dunque le pratiche politico-comunicative e caratterizza il soggetto sociale che le produce e le condizioni di produzione; l’intreccio tra questi tre ordini di problemi definisce la posizione di potere occupata dalla RNMA in relazione agli altri attori sociali che intervengono nella lotta politica e simbolica per il controllo delle regole di rappresentazione della realtà sociale. / The research project investigates the relationship between communicative action and political agency, which is a constitutive characteristic of alternative media practices. The analysis focuses on an empirical case of study, the argentinian Red Nacional de Medios Alternativos (RNMA). The study also analyzes possibilities and limits linked to the RNMA reticular form of internal collective organization. By adopting a socio-historical approach (Costa & Mozejko, 2009), RNMA social practices are analyzed looking at the material conditions in which they are produced and to the agents' ability-to-act, considering the mutual influence between the actions of the social actors and the limits imposed by the social structure within which their choices are placed. The research then analyzes the RNMA political-communicative practices; characterizes the social subject who act these practices and the context of their production; the intertwining of these three orders of problems defines the position of power occupied by the RNMA in relation to the other social actors involved in the political and symbolic struggle for the control of the rules of representation of social reality

No description available.

The key approach of this thesis is to define closer discourse and importance of civic engagement in the media from the point of view of journalistic practice. This study examines trends of citizen journalism and community media that support active citizen participation and contribute to diversity of media content. The vision of traditional journalism disruption and enforcement of news agenda focusing on public interest became the key message of alternative media. The first two chapters concentrate on the origins of public interest involvement in the history of media discourse. They also highlight the alternative journalism characteristics, its current typology and the role of citizens supporting the concept of media democratization. They also specify the character of transformation of on-line professional journalism and its relationship to user-generated content in journalistic practices. Further four chapters determine specific demonstrations of citizen engagement in public media space and its concepts - public journalism, citizen journalism and community media. These chapters refer to characteristic of these phenonenons, they evaluate their contribution to the public life, concrete performance and practical applications abroad and in the Czech Republic. They also mention the key critical...

Notre thèse se présente sous le titre : « La citoyenneté libanaise aux prises avec les médias, nouveaux et traditionnels, face aux conflits religieux et communautaires ; une amplification ou une réduction des fractures ?». Notre thèse est avant tout une question posée sur le pluriculturalisme qui constitue la société libanaise, qui la spécifie, et qui représente une richesse socioculturelle et sociopolitique qui intéresse les Sciences de l’information et de la communication. Les médias audiovisuels, électroniques (sites web, journaux électroniques, blogs internet, etc.) seront la source susceptible d’alimenter toutes ces facettes culturelles, politiques, économiques, ethniques, religieuses, etc. Depuis longtemps la réalité confessionnelle politisée libanaise est imprégnée plus ou moins sensiblement par les médias traditionnels, et récemment les nouveaux médias ou sites web. La structure libanaise de la citoyenneté serait basée en priorité sur quatre conditions fondamentales : communauté, médias, citoyens, Etat. Le citoyen libanais appartient par nature à une communauté dans laquelle il est lié aux autres par les liens de la religion et de la confession, ce qui donne au Libanais un sentiment particulier d’appartenance identitaire. De ce fait, cette communauté religieuse, cherche toujours à s’auto – défendre et à s’exprimer afin de préserver son existence et sa continuité, et les médias peuvent jouer un rôle majeur en ce sens : chaque communauté possède son média qui constitue son porte – parole. C’est ainsi, que la communauté médiatisée avec tous ses rites et convictions politico – communautaires, occupe le premier rang des préoccupations des Libanais, alors que les principes citoyenneté – Etat pour un grand nombre de Libanais, occupent un rang secondaire.C’est dans ce domaine que nous allons analyser au cours de notre recherche, le versant contemporain de l’opinion publique grâce au regard des technologies numériques et digitales, de la communication médiatisée, ainsi que la vision politico-sociale présentée par les quotidiens. / The title of our thesis is: “The Lebanese citizenship grappling with the new and traditional Medias, facing religious and community conflicts; amplifications or reductions of fractures?” Our thesis in the first place is a question asked about multiculturalism which constitutes the Lebanese society, specifies it, and represents sociocultural and sociopolitical wealth which interests the Information and Communication Sciences. The Audiovisual and Electronic Media (Web Sites, Electronic Newspapers, Internet Blogs, etc.) will be the source likely to feed all these cultural, political, economic, ethnic and religious faces.Since a long time, the Lebanese politically confessional reality is more or less impregnated by the traditional Media, and recently the new Media or Web Sites.The Lebanese structure of citizenship would be based in priority on four fundamental conditions: Community, Media, Citizen and State. The Lebanese Citizen belongs by nature to a community in which he is bound to others by bonds of religion which gives the Lebanese a particular feeling of identity. Thereby, the religious community, always seeks to defend itself and to express itself in order to preserve its existence and its continuity, and this is done by the Media: each community has its own media, which is its spokesperson. Thus, the community mediatized with all its rites and political-community convictions occupy the forefront of Lebanese concerns. While the principles of citizenships and state for a large number of Lebanese occupy the secondary rank.It is in this area that we will analyze during our research the contemporary face of public opinion possibly enlightened by the new technology of communication, the opinion mediatized as well as the politico-social vision presented by the daily newspapers.

This dissertation examines nonprofit, co-operative, and volunteer media enterprises operating outside Saskatchewan’s state and commercial media sectors. Drawing on historical research and contemporary case studies, I take the position that this third sector of media activity has played, and continues to play, a much-needed role in engaging marginalized voices in social discourse, encouraging participation in community-building and local governance, fostering local-global connectedness, and holding power to account when the rights and interests of citizens are jeopardized. The cases studied reveal a surprising level of resiliency among third sector media enterprises; however, the research also finds that the challenges facing third sector media practitioners have deepened considerably in recent decades, testing this resiliency. A rapid withdrawal of media development support from the public sphere has left Saskatchewan’s third sector media at a crossroads. The degree of the problem is largely unknown outside media practitioner circles, even among civil society allies. I argue this relates to the lack of recognition of nonprofit, co-operative, and volunteer media as a distinct third sector, thus obscuring the global impact when hundreds of small undertakings shed staff and reduce operations in multiple locations across Canada. At the same time, there is increasing recognition that such media have the potential to fill a void left by commercial and state media organizations that have retreated from local communities. Accordingly, this dissertation makes the case for a coordinated media development strategy as a component of the social economy. The challenge is to build useful mechanisms of support among civil society allies that do not replicate oppressive donor-client relationships that are all too common in the arena of governmental and private sector support. While never simple, the opportunities and social benefits are considerable when citizens devise the means to participate in the creation of a robust, diverse media ecology.

Wikis sind dabei, sich als ein Werkzeug im unternehmensinternen Wissensmanagement zu etablieren. Ein Grund hierfür ist vor allem die Hoffnung, die Externalisierung von Wissen schnell, direkt und informell unterstützen zu können. Die einfache Handhabung eines Wikis und die vergleichsweise geringen Lizenzierungs-, Installations- und Betriebskosten eines Wiki-Systems bestärken diese Hoffnung noch. Doch bevor Wiki-Kollaboration in einem Unternehmen gelebt wird, müssen Barrieren auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen erkannt, analysiert und beseitigt werden. Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrages ist es, die Auswahl aus einer Vielfalt von Medien als Barriere für den erfolgreichen Einsatz von Wikis im Unternehmen zu erläutern. Diese hat sich - neben anderen Barrieren, die während der Wiki-Einführung bei der Robert Bosch GmbH in den vergangenen 18 Monaten identifiziert wurden - als erfolgskritisch herausgestellt.