This research represents a comparative analysis of the Bulgarian and Romanian European Integration in terms of corruption and media freedom. I argue that, however, both states have multiple common grounds to be analyzed together, as is done in the previous academic research, they take rather different paths after their accession in the European Union regarding their progress in fighting corruption and ensuring free media. I analyze why and how this happens through the theoretical lenses of Constructivism on the matters of identity formation, integration, and spread of values. I will present an overview of the IR academic discourse on the topic, then attempting to fill its lapses in the Analysis section. There, I utilize qualitative content analysis on official reports, issued by the European Commission within these 10 years framework of EU membership in order to investigate the research question. I am to interpret the information from these sources and present the four major aspects of the case, leading to the current situation.

El propósito del estudio es comprobar la existencia de una relación entre la motivación en el trabajo y el compromiso organizacional en una muestra de asesores de venta (n= 140) del rubro de seguros de Lima Metropolitana. Se aplicó la escala de Motivación en el trabajo-MAWS, la cual considera las dimensiones motivación intrínseca, regulación identificada, regulación introyectada, regulación externa y desmotivación, y escala de Compromiso Organizacional de Meyer y Allen que desarrolla al compromiso afectivo, compromiso de continuidad y compromiso normativo. Se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre compromiso y motivación, así como también en la edad. A diferencia del tiempo de servicio, el cual no obtuvo resultados significativos. Finalmente, se realizó un análisis comparativo según sexo y nivel educativo encontrando diferencia tanto positivas como negativas. / The purpose of the study is to verify the existence of a relationship between motivation at work and organizational commitment in a sample of sales consultants (n = 140) of the insurance area of ​​Metropolitan Lima. The Motivation at work-MAWS scale was applied, which considers the dimensions intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, introjected regulation, external regulation and demotivation, and Meyer and Allen's Organizational Commitment scale that develops the affective commitment, commitment of continuity and regulatory commitment. Significant correlations were found between commitment and motivation as well as age. Unlike the time of service, which did not obtain significant results. Finally, a comparative analysis was carried out according to sex and educational level, finding both positive and negative differences. / Tesis

L'accès á l'enseignement supérieur en Europe- Analyse comparée des systèmes d'accès à l'enseignement supérieur et de leur management.Le principe de non sélection et de sélection, avec ses racines historiques et géopolitiques; parmi les systèmes de non-sélection (admissions ouvertes) et de sélection d'entrée, quel est celui qui permet une meilleure contribution à la performance de l'Université, déterminée dans le contexte de la gouvernance universitaire de chaque pays. / Access to higher education in Europe - Comparative analysis of systems of access to higher education and their management.The principle of non-selection and selection, with its historical and geopolitical roots; Among the non-selection systems ( open admissions) and input selection, which one allows a better contribution to the performance of the university determined in the context of University governance in each country.

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While research on entrepreneurship education increased along with the number of programs, little is known about whether students value certain components of entrepreneurship education differently based on their career choice. In this thesis, we want to close this gap by investigating whether there is a difference in the perception of the learning experience among graduates of an entrepreneurship program who chose employment versus those who became business owners. Using comparative analysis, we examined a survey among 93 alumni of the master’s program in entrepreneurship at Uppsala University between 2014 and 2022. Our findings indicate that the program is applicable regardless of the career chosen. However, the level of applicability varies throughout different course concepts and theories. We also noted differences in where the alumni put emphasis and found that contextual factors might influence the effectiveness of entrepreneurship programs. This research contributes to understanding the applicability of entrepreneurship education programs depending on career preferences and gives insights into the relevance and effectiveness of such programs. This study provides relevant implications for universities offering entrepreneurship education and future students considering them based on their career preferences.

This paper comprehensively examines a new type of social media influencer characterized by altruistic tendencies. Utilizing the popular YouTube channel Vlogbrothers as the case study text for a constant comparative analysis, this research explores how the strategies altruistic influencers use to mobilize their community for good, the characteristics of the altruistic influencers, and how altruistic influencers create community. Through an in-depth analysis of 30 Vlogbrothers videos, the themes of education, community, and shared humanity emerged. Education, shared values, and calls to action are discussed as essential for mobilizing communities in charitable endeavors. Authenticity, quality, accessibility, and solutions-focused action were found to be vital characteristics of altruistic influencers. Structure, collaboration, multi-format content, parasocial relationships, and traditions are discussed as community-building tools for altruistic influencers. This research contributes to the existing literature on corporate social responsibility and purpose-driven organizations within the realm of social media influencers. Furthermore, it introduces the concept of "altruistic influencer" as a distinct category within this literature. By outlining the key characteristics and strategies observed in altruistic influencers, this study provides a valuable framework for other influencers to model and encourages further exploration of this field.

Agricultural runoff can carry FIB that can pollute surface waters through the soil matrix. This study was designed to inspect the impact of temperature and matrix on the survival of FIB. The FIB were routinely enumerated over an 18-day period from fecal samples and freshwater microcosms maintained at 4oC, 22oC, and 35oC. It was found that the FIB studied underwent a primary growth of up to 1-log10 to 3-log10, highlighting the weakness of conventional FIB as indicators of pathogen contamination. The concentrations of FIB in the water phase were found to be significantly greater than those observed in the fecal phase in all FIB and their associated survivals were found to be significantly different too. Similarly, temperature was also found to be a significant factor for the survival of FIB. While the differences in the survival were significant, there was a slight variation in the patterns regarding the differences.

В работе выполнен сравнительный анализ свайных и ленточных фундаментов гражданского здания. Сравнение выполнено по стоимости и трудоемкости изготовления фундаментов для определенных инженерно-геологических условий с учетом действующих нагрузок. / The work performed a comparative analysis of pile and strip foundations of a civil building. The comparison was made based on the cost and labor intensity of manufacturing foundations for certain engineering-geological conditions, taking into account the existing loads.

In game based learning, motivating the players to learn by providing them a desirable gameplay experience is extremely important. However, it's not an easy task considering the quality of today's commercial non-educational games. Throughout the gameplay, the player should neither get overwhelmed nor under-challenged. The best way to do so is to monitor the player's actions in the game because these actions can tell the reason behind the player's performance. They can also tell about the player's lacking competencies or knowledge. Based on this information, in-game educational interventions in the form of hints can be provided to the player. The success of such games depends on their interactivity, motivational outlook and thus player retention. UNTANGLED is an online mapping game based on crowd-sourcing, developed by Reconfigurable Computing Lab, UNT for the mapping problem of CGRAs. It is also an educational game for teaching the concepts of reconfigurable computing. This thesis performs qualitative comparative analysis on gameplays of low performing players of UNTANGLED. And the implications of this analysis are used to provide recommendations for improving the gameplay experience for these players by guiding them. The recommendations include strategies to reach a high score and a compact solution, hints in the form of preset patterns and a clustering based approach.

This dissertation examines emergent forms of digitally enabled boundary-spanning by considering the within- and cross-field interactions developed by LGBTQIA* organisations on social media. Within scholarship on collective actors characterised by strong collective identities, LGBTQIA* collective action fields have been conventionally found to be rather fragmented and polarised, as well as isolated from other fields. Nonetheless, recent studies have shown evidence of the emergence of cooperative and solidarity efforts by LGBTQIA* actors, suggesting that such LGBTQIA* organisations may actively engage in crossing categorical boundaries and overcoming differences in the attempt to achieve social change. Within this framework, information and communication technologies (ICTs) may provide LGBTQIA* communities with spaces to converge, share experiences, and articulate politicised identities also through the connection with other collective actors. Despite these findings, we currently lack a systematic understanding of the extent to which LGBTQIA* collective actors span field boundaries through the development of digitally enabled interactions, of how such ties evolve over time, and on the circumstances that may favour or inhibit their emergence and duration. Furthermore, the role of ICTs in supporting the emergence of boundary-spanning processes has so far been rather understudied. This dissertation addresses these concerns by conducting a mixed-method comparative research on LGBTQIA* actors based in Madrid and Milan. In particular, it focuses on different types of interactions (mentioning, sharing, and promoting collective action events) developed by such organisations on their Facebook public pages during the 2011-2020 decade. To examine the role of both cultural patterns (collective identities and framing strategies) and structural circumstances (political opportunities and threats), this study combines network and text data, analysed through social network and frame analysis. The findings provided by this research show that Spanish and Italian LGBTQIA* organisations increasingly crossed categorical boundaries through social media between 2011 and 2020, thus suggesting that ICTs do play a role in sustaining boundary-spanning processes. Moreover, they find that collective framing and networking are inextricably entangled, and hence contribute to shedding light on both symbolic and behavioural dimensions of digitally enabled boundary-spanning. To conclude, they show that actors embedded in different socio-political contexts engage in networking and framing, thus emphasising the role of contextual opportunities and threats in moderating the nexus between ICTs and boundary-spanning, as well as between framing and networking. This dissertation contributes to both social movement literature and gender studies. On the one hand, by shedding light on emergent forms of boundary-spanning processes enabled by ICTs, it not only contributes to examining the role of ICTs in empowering marginalised communities, but also further elaborates the entanglement between digital, hybrid, and on-the-ground collective actions. On the other hand, by systematically investigating an emerging phenomenon over time and across contexts, it contributes to generating knowledge on the circumstances encouraging collective actors to overcome differences and cooperate. Understanding this is of utmost importance, since cooperative relations provide collective actors with additional and diverse resources and experiences, as well as political legitimation, to resist processes of democratic erosion and achieve social change.