The post-9/11 security environment is one that confronts the United States, and specifically the U.S. Army, with complex problems that require development of leaders with improved knowledge, skills, and attributes to meet the challenges of defending the nation. The problem confronting the U.S. Army is that Army leaders lack a learning environment or methodology that enables effective self-development throughout their career. Research suggests that PLNs (PLNs) and a connectivist approach may address that problem, but these have been limited to civilian educational environments. This qualitative case study explored the use of PLNs with a connectivist approach for leader self-development in Army organizations. The case in this study was that of a cohort of 22 officers in a U.S. Army unit. Each officer developed a PLN and then employed a connectivist approach to connect, curate, create, and share knowledge. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and analyzed with a focus on themes that could inform future decisions by Army senior leadership on the self-development of leaders, and that could enable decisions that will reduce loss of life and destruction in wartime. The major themes developed in this study account for the approach and challenges to Army self-development, the motivation for and execution of connected learning, and the structuring and desired characteristics of self-development that employs PLNs and connectivism. Recommendations included integrating a semistructured approach to self-development into emerging educational approaches to Army leader development. More prepared Army leaders can respond to crises more effectively, reducing adverse effects, damage, and loss of life

The purpose of this paper is to analyze how children incorporate and use the Digital Communication and Information Technologies (DICTs) in their learning process, both in the classroom and outside the classroom, considering that such technologies are part of children's everyday lives, and, therefore, directly influence their cognitive development. The research was based on historical-cultural studies, from the perspective of Vygosky and from the emerging analysis of learning as network, by Siemens and Downes. We understand that the children who participated in the research are part of the digital culture. They present specificities and particularities in learning about digital technologies. In our study, we focus on some relevant theoretical concepts: digital culture, ZPD (Zone of Proximal Development), cognitive and Connectivism. The learning process of 57 children of the fifth grade at an Elementary School – a private school in the city of Maceió – was examined from May to August 2014. Their practices were observed during break and at a computer laboratory, in association with other methodological instruments: questionnaire; semi-structured interview; teachers' lesson plans. In order to understand the children’s answers in the questionnaires and interviews, we compared the theories to the reality of both contexts (in the classroom and outside the classroom). We used the following categories of analysis: technological appropriation, use of DICTs as learning and sharing strategies, creation and innovation, and network collaboration. Our study has shown that children are inserted in the digital culture and that they use the DICTs as learning strategy, in a more spontaneous and innovative way, when they are outside the classroom. The study has also shown that the DICTs alone are not enough in the learning process. The interactions, even if they are limited by means of the DICTs, are necessary and they potentialize learning. / O estudo analisa como as crianças incorporam e usam as Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) em seus processos de aprendizagem, no contexto escolar e extra escolar, considerando que estas tecnologias fazem parte do cotidiano destas crianças e influenciam diretamente em seu desenvolvimento cognitivo. A pesquisa, enquanto método misto e configurada como Estudo de Caso, se fundamentou nos estudos histórico-culturais, a partir de Vygotsky e na análise emergente do aprendizado em rede, de Siemens e Downes. As crianças participantes da pesquisa fazem parte da cultura digital e apresentam especificidades e singularidades no aprender com e sobre as TDIC. No aporte teórico, destacam-se alguns conceitos relevantes para esta investigação: cultura digital, Zona de Desenvolvimento Proximal (ZDP), estratégia cognitiva e Conectivismo. O processo de aprendizagem de 57 crianças do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental foi acompanhado entre os meses de maio a agosto de 2014, a partir da observação em suas práticas no laboratório de informática de uma escola da rede privada de ensino de Maceió, como também nos momentos de intervalo de aulas (recreio), em conjunto com os instrumentos: questionário; entrevista semi-estruturada; planos de aula das professoras da série. Para compreender as respostas dos participantes nas técnicas utilizadas, foi incorporado um olhar comparativo para estabelecer relações entre o contexto escolar e o contexto extra escolar, utilizando apropriação tecnológica, uso das TDIC como estratégias de aprendizagem e compartilhamento, criação, inovação e colaboração em rede como categorias de análise. Os dados da pesquisa mostraram que as crianças estão inseridas na cultura digital e utilizam as TDIC como estratégia de aprendizagem de forma mais espontânea e inovadora nos ambientes externos à escola. O estudo, evidenciou que as TDIC por si mesmas, não dão conta do processo aprendizagem e que as interações, mesmo de forma limitada por meio das TDIC, são necessárias e potencializadoras do aprendizado.

Esta dissertação discorre sobre os Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC), com vistas à análise das experiências pioneiras no Brasil. O desafio esteve em trabalhar sobre as potencialidades e as limitações acerca das propostas de arquiteturas pedagógicas na construção de um curso nesse formato. Foram analisados o planejamento para a execução dos cursos e o desenvolvimento desse modelo. A pesquisa de caráter qualitativo está alicerçada no estudo de multicasos na ótica de quatro experiências: três totalmente brasileiras, uma luso-brasileira. O estudo foi desenvolvido a partir da triangulação metodológica: entrevistas em profundidade com os autores dos MOOC, protocolo de análise desses cursos e análise de documentos dos cursos. Destaca-se o conectivismo como início das propostas de MOOC, relacionando tal compreensão à Educação Aberta. Como resultado, esta pesquisa possibilita novos entendimentos frente ao tema. Suscita a criação de novas categorias de classificação pedagógica para MOOC, revela o potencial e os desafios da construção de uma Arquitetura Pedagógica para este modelo de curso, à luz da tríade - teoria, metodologia e tecnologia -, contribuindo para a Educação Superior. / This dissertation discusses about the Massive Open Online Courses (Mooc) aimed at analyzing the pioneering experiences. The challenge was to work on the potential and the limitations on the proposals of pedagogical architectures to build a course in this format. The planning for the implementation of courses and the development of this model were analyzed. The qualitative research is grounded in the multicase study from the viewpoint of four experiments: three fully Brazilian and one Portuguese-Brazilian. The study was developed from the methodological triangulation: in-depth interviews with the authors of Mooc, analysis protocol analysis of these courses and course documents. Noteworthy of connectivism like the beginning of proposed from Mooc, relating this understanding to the Open Education. As a result, this research provides new insights across the theme, raising the creation of new categories of educational rating for Mooc, reveals the potential and the challenges of building a pedagogical architecture for this course model, in the light of the triad - theory, methodology and technology - contributing to Academic Education.

Submitted by JULIA DANTAS DE OLIVEIRA PENTEADO null (dantas.julia@gmail.com) on 2017-07-14T14:21:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao-JuliaDantasDeOliveiraPenteado-final.pdf: 3935889 bytes, checksum: c10f6c034f0fe59c99ba1835e4a4355e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-07-14T20:47:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 penteado_jdo_me_bauru.pdf: 3935889 bytes, checksum: c10f6c034f0fe59c99ba1835e4a4355e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-14T20:47:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 penteado_jdo_me_bauru.pdf: 3935889 bytes, checksum: c10f6c034f0fe59c99ba1835e4a4355e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-18 / Desde o seu surgimento, o documentário sempre esteve vinculado à formação de conhecimento cidadão. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o potencial do documentário na internet para a construção do conhecimento em rede. Para isso, foi utilizada a abordagem do conhecimento conectivista, teoria de aprendizagem contemporânea que considera formação de redes como fundamental para o processo de formação do conhecimento. Para efetuar a análise, foi realizado um estudo de caso múltiplo, de caráter analítico, de três documentários publicados no portal do The New York Times e respectivas redes geradas na plataforma Twitter, selecionados pela diversidade temática e pela quantidade de posts coletados. O estudo de caso adotou uma abordagem mista, por meio de uma análise fílmica e de redes sociais de cada um dos documentários, com o objetivo de estabelecer possíveis relações entre os temas abordados e as redes de conhecimento que foram coletadas. Ao fim da pesquisa, são oferecidas contribuições para a discussão sobre a relação entre o documentário e as redes de conhecimento do Twitter, por meio de um diálogo entre os resultados do estudo de caso e questões atuais no campo do jornalismo. / Documentary is linked to knowledge formation of citizens since its emergence. This research aimed to analyze the potential of online documentary for the networked knowledge formation. In order to that, it was applied the connectivist knowledge approach, a contemporary learning theory that considers network formation fundamental for the knowledge formation process. A multiple and analytical case study was held of three documentaries published in the The New York Times website and their networks on Twitter, selected by the diversity of the subjects and amount of collected posts. The study methods present a mixed approached, with a filmic analysis and a social network analysis of each of the three documentaries, in order to establish possible relationships between its subjects and collected networks. At the end of the research, we offer contributions for the discussion on the relationship between documentary and Twitter knowledge networks, relating the case study results with contemporary topics in the journalism field.

Esta dissertação discorre sobre os Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC), com vistas à análise das experiências pioneiras no Brasil. O desafio esteve em trabalhar sobre as potencialidades e as limitações acerca das propostas de arquiteturas pedagógicas na construção de um curso nesse formato. Foram analisados o planejamento para a execução dos cursos e o desenvolvimento desse modelo. A pesquisa de caráter qualitativo está alicerçada no estudo de multicasos na ótica de quatro experiências: três totalmente brasileiras, uma luso-brasileira. O estudo foi desenvolvido a partir da triangulação metodológica: entrevistas em profundidade com os autores dos MOOC, protocolo de análise desses cursos e análise de documentos dos cursos. Destaca-se o conectivismo como início das propostas de MOOC, relacionando tal compreensão à Educação Aberta. Como resultado, esta pesquisa possibilita novos entendimentos frente ao tema. Suscita a criação de novas categorias de classificação pedagógica para MOOC, revela o potencial e os desafios da construção de uma Arquitetura Pedagógica para este modelo de curso, à luz da tríade - teoria, metodologia e tecnologia -, contribuindo para a Educação Superior. / This dissertation discusses about the Massive Open Online Courses (Mooc) aimed at analyzing the pioneering experiences. The challenge was to work on the potential and the limitations on the proposals of pedagogical architectures to build a course in this format. The planning for the implementation of courses and the development of this model were analyzed. The qualitative research is grounded in the multicase study from the viewpoint of four experiments: three fully Brazilian and one Portuguese-Brazilian. The study was developed from the methodological triangulation: in-depth interviews with the authors of Mooc, analysis protocol analysis of these courses and course documents. Noteworthy of connectivism like the beginning of proposed from Mooc, relating this understanding to the Open Education. As a result, this research provides new insights across the theme, raising the creation of new categories of educational rating for Mooc, reveals the potential and the challenges of building a pedagogical architecture for this course model, in the light of the triad - theory, methodology and technology - contributing to Academic Education.

Esta dissertação discorre sobre os Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC), com vistas à análise das experiências pioneiras no Brasil. O desafio esteve em trabalhar sobre as potencialidades e as limitações acerca das propostas de arquiteturas pedagógicas na construção de um curso nesse formato. Foram analisados o planejamento para a execução dos cursos e o desenvolvimento desse modelo. A pesquisa de caráter qualitativo está alicerçada no estudo de multicasos na ótica de quatro experiências: três totalmente brasileiras, uma luso-brasileira. O estudo foi desenvolvido a partir da triangulação metodológica: entrevistas em profundidade com os autores dos MOOC, protocolo de análise desses cursos e análise de documentos dos cursos. Destaca-se o conectivismo como início das propostas de MOOC, relacionando tal compreensão à Educação Aberta. Como resultado, esta pesquisa possibilita novos entendimentos frente ao tema. Suscita a criação de novas categorias de classificação pedagógica para MOOC, revela o potencial e os desafios da construção de uma Arquitetura Pedagógica para este modelo de curso, à luz da tríade - teoria, metodologia e tecnologia -, contribuindo para a Educação Superior. / This dissertation discusses about the Massive Open Online Courses (Mooc) aimed at analyzing the pioneering experiences. The challenge was to work on the potential and the limitations on the proposals of pedagogical architectures to build a course in this format. The planning for the implementation of courses and the development of this model were analyzed. The qualitative research is grounded in the multicase study from the viewpoint of four experiments: three fully Brazilian and one Portuguese-Brazilian. The study was developed from the methodological triangulation: in-depth interviews with the authors of Mooc, analysis protocol analysis of these courses and course documents. Noteworthy of connectivism like the beginning of proposed from Mooc, relating this understanding to the Open Education. As a result, this research provides new insights across the theme, raising the creation of new categories of educational rating for Mooc, reveals the potential and the challenges of building a pedagogical architecture for this course model, in the light of the triad - theory, methodology and technology - contributing to Academic Education.

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The post-9/11 security environment is one that confronts the United States, and specifically the U.S. Army, with complex problems that require development of leaders with improved knowledge, skills, and attributes to meet the challenges of defending the nation. The problem confronting the U.S. Army is that Army leaders lack a learning environment or methodology that enables effective self-development throughout their career. Research suggests that PLNs (PLNs) and a connectivist approach may address that problem, but these have been limited to civilian educational environments. This qualitative case study explored the use of PLNs with a connectivist approach for leader self-development in Army organizations. The case in this study was that of a cohort of 22 officers in a U.S. Army unit. Each officer developed a PLN and then employed a connectivist approach to connect, curate, create, and share knowledge. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and analyzed with a focus on themes that could inform future decisions by Army senior leadership on the self-development of leaders, and that could enable decisions that will reduce loss of life and destruction in wartime. The major themes developed in this study account for the approach and challenges to Army self-development, the motivation for and execution of connected learning, and the structuring and desired characteristics of self-development that employs PLNs and connectivism. Recommendations included integrating a semistructured approach to self-development into emerging educational approaches to Army leader development. More prepared Army leaders can respond to crises more effectively, reducing adverse effects, damage, and loss of life

Darbe nagrinėjamas informacinių technologijų fenomenas dabarties žinių visuomenėje, interneto technologijas siejant su mokymo(si) procesu. Pateikiama mokymosi proceso samprata technologinio kitimo amžiuje. Aptariamas konstruktyvizmu grindžiamo mokymosi aiškinimas (konstrukcionizmo pedagoginė teorija), atskleidžiami esminiai konektyvizmo principai ir užduotys, su kuriomis turi susidurti besimokantysis skaitmeninio amžiaus eroje. Pristatomi matematikos mokymo filosofijos (matematikos filosofijos) keliami klausimai. Galiausiai ieškoma atsakymų į klausimus: kokį vaidmenį kompiuterinės technologijos, pastarojo meto interneto tecnologijos ir paslaugos atlieka matematikos mokymo bei mokymosi proceso metu, kaip jį paliečia, kokias galimybes atveria, kaip keičia šį procesą. / This theme paper analyses the phenomenon of information technologies in relation with the present knowledge-based society and the Web technologies in the process of education. The concept of learning process is discussed in the age of technological change. The constructivism based learning (constructionism learning theory) is presented in this paper too. Besides this, the most essential principles and tasks of connectivism which a learner is supposed to deal with in the digital surroundings are being analysed as well. Moreover, the issues raised by the phylosophy of mathematics education (and the phylosophy of mathematics) are also introduced in this paper. Finally, the reply search to the following issues – what role do computer-based technologies, modern internet technologies and services play in the process of teaching and learning mathematics; how do the above mentioned factors influence a process of education; what are the perspectives of the mentioned processes; how do the discussed issues change the process of teaching and learning mathematics – is analysed in the paper.

Le travail que nous présentons dans cette thèse s’inscrit dans une problématique générale des EIAH. Il s’intéresse plus particulièrement aux Massives Open Online Courses (MOOC) et concerne plus précisément l’activité de conception de scénarios pédagogiques par des enseignants dans les environnements MOOC connectivistes (cMOOC). Le but principal est de proposer une approche, des modèles et des outils pour assister les enseignants dans le processus de scénarisation et d’opérationnalisation des scénarios pédagogiques dans le contexte des cMOOC. Afin de répondre à ces besoins, la première partie de cette thèse est consacrée à la spécification du processus de création et de déroulement d’un cMOOC. La deuxième partie du manuscrit est consacrée au modèle cORPS de description de scénarios pédagogiques orientés cMOOC.Pour réifier nos propositions, nous avons développé un outil de scénarisation pédagogique adapté au contexte des cMOOC, appelé MOOCAT. Cet outil est doté d’un service de déploiement automatique des scénarios pédagogiques et exploite la notion de workflow à travers la réutilisation et l’adaptation de la notation BPMN. Finalement, l’environnement MOOCAT a été expérimenté auprès de différents publics d’un point de vue utilité et utilisabilité. Les résultats obtenus permettent de confirmer que MOOCAT permet de concevoir des scénarios pédagogiques connectivistes. Les feedbacks des participants ont souligné particulièrement sa simplicité d’utilisation et le bénéfice d’avoir un outil de scénarisation visuelle. / The work presented in this thesis is part of a broader issue of Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL) field. It is particularly interested in Massive Open online Courses (MOOC) environments and concerns more specifically the activity of designing and conceiving pedagogical scenarios by teachers in connectivist MOOC (cMOOC).The main goal is to provide an approach, models and tools to assist teachers in the scenario conception process and the operationalization of pedagogical scenarios in a cMOOC context.In order to meet these needs, the first part of this thesis is devoted to specification of the cMOOC creation and execution process describing the involved stakeholders and the characteristics of each process step. The second part of the manuscript is consecrated to the cORPS model, which describes and defines a cMOOC-oriented pedagogical scenario.To reify our proposals, we have developed an authoring environment for cMOOC context, called MOOCAT. One of the specific characteristics of our tool lies in the exploitation and reuse of the BPMN notation. This tool and the associated operationalization service are covered in the third part of this manuscript.Finally, different publics of practitioners tested MOOCAT notably from a utility and usability point of view. The obtained findings confirm that MOOCAT can be used to design connectivist pedagogical scenarios and provide all the necessary elements for the design of such courses. Feedback from participants particularly highlighted its ease of use and the benefit of a visual authoring tool.