The thesis deals with the pedagogical aspects of the care for convicts in connection to the use of addictive substances. Its character is theoretical-empirical. The theoretical part is based on professional literature and legislation. It focuses on general information about the Prison Service of the Czech Republic, on the system and the concept of imprisonment, as well as the aspects of pedagogy in penitentiary care. In detail, the thesis deals with a specialized prison ward for convicts with behavioural disorders caused by the use of addictive substances, namely from the point of methodology, regulations, and individual terms such as drugs, professional treatment of convicts, and the course of the conditions of the therapeutic programme. The empirical part aims to find out the course of the rehabilitation of convicts in a specialized ward for convicts with behavioural disorders caused by the use of addictive substances, namely from the point of professional employees. The research is qualitative. Data collection was carried out by semi-structured interviews with a psychologist, a special remedial teacher, an instructor - therapist, an instructor, and an activity instructor. The responses in the research ascertained that the key factor in the successful rehabilitation of convicts is the structure...

Includes bibliography.

published_or_final_version / Sociology / Master / Master of Social Sciences

Darbo tikslas – patikrinti ar egzistuoja įkalinimo įstaigoje bausmę atliekančių asmenų emocinės būsenos bei stresogeninių įvykių įveikos strategijų sąsajos adaptaciniu periodu. Tyrime dalyvavo 200 nuteistų pilnamečių vyrų, laisvės atėmimo bausmę atliekančių Pravieniškių 1- uose pataisos namuose. Tiriamiesiems 1-ąją atvykimo į pataisos namus dieną ir praėjus adaptacijos laikotarpiui (po trijų mėnesių) buvo išdalinami klausimynai, kuriuos sudarė šios metodikos: nerimo skalė iš HAD (Hospital Anxiety and Depression) metodikos; COPE – įveikos strategijų klausimynas; BEKO (Beck Depression Inventory) testas, skirtas įvertinti nuotaikos pokyčius; psichologinei įtampai įvertinti skirta metodika (Oprosnik travmatičeskovo stresa dlia diagnostiki psichologičeskix posledctvi); tarpasmeniniui bendravimui įvertinti skirta metodika. Siekiant įvertinti nuteistųjų emocinę būklę bei stresogeninių įvykių įveikos strategijų sąsajas tik atvykus į pataisos namus ir pasibaigus adaptacijai, tie patys asmenys buvo tiriami du kartus. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad egzistuoja emocinės būsenos bei stresogeninių įvykių įveikos strategijų sąsajos adaptaciniu periodu: tik atvykus į įkalinimo įstaigą ir adaptacijai pasibaigus, nuteistieji naudoja visas galimas įveikos strategijas, t.y. tiek į problemą nukreiptą įveikimą, tiek į emocijas nukreiptą įveikimą, tiek mažiau adaptyvaus įveikimo strategijas. Pažymėtina, kad adaptacijai pasibaigus, įveikos strategijos naudojamos rečiau nei tik atvykus į įkalinimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The purpose of work is to check, whether there are links between the emotional states and strategies to cope with the stressogenic events of the persons, who are serving sentence in prisons, during the adaptation period. 200 sentenced adult men were participating in the research. They serve their sentence in the 1st Penitentiary of Pravieniskes. The questionnaires were distributed to the convicts on the first day of their arrival to the penitentiary and again after the adaptation period (after three months). The questionnaires were made from the following methodologies: scale of anxiety from HAD (Hospital Anxiety and Depression) methodology; COPE – questionnaire of coping strategies; BEKO (Beck Depression Inventory) test meant to evaluate the changes in mood; methodology of traumatic stress (Oprosnik travmatičeskovo stresa dlia diagnostiki psichologičeskix posledctvi); and the methodology meant to evaluate the interpersonal communication. The same persons were analyzed twice in order to evaluate the links between the emotional states and strategies to cope with the stressogenic events of the convicts on the arrival date to the penitentiary and after the adaptation period. According to the research results, there are the links between the emotional states and strategies to cope with the stressogenic events during the adaptation period: on the arrival and after the adaptation period the convicts use all the possible coping strategies, i.e. problem-orientated coping... [to full text]

Crime in South Africa is one of the serious challenges facing post- apartheid democracy. As a result, many people find themselves jailed for different crimes which impact their ability to obtain formal employment upon release from jail. Therefore, employment is considered to be a significant contributor to an ex-offender not returning to offending behaviour. It is thus proposed that society has an essential and active role to play in attempts to lower recidivism rates. The hypothesis of this research was that lack of job opportunities for ex-offenders contributes to them breaking parole conditions. Also, communities where ex-offenders come from are not well prepared to welcome them back as transformed people. This treatment of ex-offenders contributes to them reoffending. Furthermore, the brick making industry plays a crucial role in the lives of ex-offenders by giving them an opportunity to be employed after serving their sentences. Finally, employment in the brick making business brings dignity back to the lives of ex-offenders. This study used qualitative research methods to address the research questions and gather relevant data. The use of a qualitative approach was adopted as it allows a deeper exploration of the different research objectives and questions of the study. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings of this study have revealed that the brick making business in the Mthatha region, in the Eastern Cape region of South Africa, is making a big difference in the lives of ex-offenders by offering them the opportunity to gain paid employment, thus contributing to their proper reintegration in their communities.

This descriptive, statistical survey research design sought to identify factors that motivate individuals to stay crime free after serving time in prison. The purpose of this research study was to examine the factors that played a significant role in recidivism.

Thesis (Ph.D. (Criminology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2016 / Community involvement in ex-offenders’ re-integration is an important issue in efforts to reduce recidivism and to control overcrowding in our correctional facilities. Crime is a social problem which requires society to come together to fight against. The Department of Correctional Services (DCS) introduced Community Corrections Forums (CCFs) with the aim of controlling re-offending by ex-offenders. CCFs were established in each region to bring the community, business and stakeholders together to facilitate rehabilitation and re-integration. This study was conducted in the Limpopo Province, in Vhembe District Municipality within four local municipalities, namely Musina, Makhado, Mutale and Thulamela. A total number of 30 participants were interviewed and all were members of Community Corrections Forums. This was necessitated by the fact that Musina is a very small area which compelled the Department of Correctional Services to combine the two (Musina and Makhado) into one social re-integration entity. This is a qualitative research study where participants were selected through the use of purposive sampling. Participants were selected based on the value they would add to this study in order to achieve objectives. The data collection method of this study was the focus group which comprised by 3 groups of 10 participants each. Thulamela and Mutale local municipalities formed a group with (10) participants each whereas Musina (2) and Makhado (8) formed another. Results indicate that the current situation is not conducive for re-integration to be successful. CCF members raised many factors that need serious redress, namely offenders’ discrimination, lack of forgiveness by members of the community which is fuelled by lack of community awareness due to lack of education of communities by the Department of Correctional Services on reduce space of ex-offenders’ re-integration. The relationship between CCF and DCS raises many questions based on the results. Without a good working relationship between these two offices, the study observed that there would be no successful re-integration policy. Theoretical implications of the investigation based on labelling theory are discussed, together with practical applications for ex-offenders. The latter face daunting barriers to successful re-integration. Successful re-entry requires strong community support networks and comprehensive services by DCS, both of which are lacking in Vhembe District.

Most studies in South Africa focus on male offenders as they make up the majority of the offending population. With female offenders being in the minority, they receive less of the research attention. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the subjective experience of finding employment with a criminal record from the perspectives of six female former offenders who participated in the study. Participants were asked to share their accounts during semi-structured interviews. The transcripts were analysed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. A total of nine themes were identified, namely; confronting the labour market; it affected my life not my chances; experiences of vocational skills and labour in corrections; current financial status versus previous financial status; those left behind: the impact of incarceration on the family. I am Human too, entering and adjusting in the correctional system, finding God and oneself, and rehabilitation and reintegration programmes. The findings showed that the experience of incarceration cannot be separated from the experience of adjusting back into society and finding employment. Employment and unemployment had an effect on participants’ financial status but also affected self-esteem and the relationship with family. The findings illustrated how participants used different coping methods to deal with not being able to find employment, dealing with the stigma attached to being a former offender as well as adjusting back into the community. The analyses from the interviews were compared to existing literature, thus creating a rich discussion. An overview of the discussion and some recommendations were provided and the limitations of the study were also taken into account. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:30:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA DE FATIMA FRANCO DOS SANTOS.pdf: 12294504 bytes, checksum: 5f874299c38545675f42c7c4b6dd6ad9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-06-21 / The exploratory research of documentary type characterizes prisoners of Prison Unit from the analyses of records of 308 inclusion forms, related to the year 2000. The following data was analysed: personal, schooling, work, family, matrimonial life, social-economic situation, health, affective-emotional dynamics, use of drugs, drinking, prison life, self-criticism and trial situation. The forms were filled probationers and technicians through individual interviews. The characterization of the prisoners, divided in temporary prisoner and convicts, included quantitative and qualitative analyses. The quantitative one involved three phases: study of the differences among the groups for each variable independently by the Qui square Test; associations between pairs variables by the Qui square Test and Chance Ratio; typification by the Multiple Correspondence Analysis and Factorial Analysis. The qualitative analysis interpreted words recorded on the forms. The results indicate a population in which predominate: young people (18 to 21 years), white, paulistas (from the state of S?o Paulo), single, catholic, incomplete primary school, non-qualified urban workers who started working before they were 15 years old and worked by the time they commited the crime. They were raised by their parents, who did not drink alcoholic drinks, being the mother the most important person in the past; they passed through financial difficulties since the childhood; the worst memory from childhood was the physical aggression, accident or illness; the worst defect pointed was the negative characteristic, they think about the past the present negatively, but see a better future; they have already used illegal drugs mixed; they haven t been submitted do HIV test; they committed the first crime after 18 years old; they didn t stay in Juvenile Criminal Institutions; they had not been using drugs at the crime and they were sued mainly for crime against property. / A pesquisa explorat?ria de tipo documental caracteriza encarcerados de Unidade Prisional, a partir da an?lise de registros de 308 roteiros de inclus?o, relativos ao ano de 2.000. Compreendem dados: pessoais, de escolaridade, trabalho, fam?lia, vida conjugal, situa??o s?cio-econ?mica, sa?de, din?mica afetivo-emocional, uso de drogas, bebida, vida carcer?ria, autocr?tica e situa??o processual. A aplica??o do roteiro foi por estagi?rios e t?cnicos, atrav?s de entrevistas individuais. A caracteriza??o dos encarcerados, divididos em presos provis?rios e condenados, englobou an?lise quantitativa e qualitativa. A quantitativa envolveu tr?s etapas: estudo das diferen?as entre os grupos para cada vari?vel independentemente atrav?s do Teste Qui quadrado; associa??o entre pares de vari?veis atrav?s do Teste Qui quadrado e Raz?o de Chances; tipifica??o de perfis atrav?s da An?lise de Correspond?ncia M?ltipla e An?lise Fatorial. A an?lise qualitativa interpretou palavras registradas nos Roteiros. Os resultados indicam uma popula??o em que prevalecem: jovens (18 a 21 anos), brancos, paulistas, solteiros, cat?licos, com primeiro grau incompleto, trabalhadores urbanos n?o qualificados, que come?aram a trabalhar antes de 15 anos e trabalhavam na ocasi?o do delito. Foram criados pelos pais, que n?o usam bebida alco?lica, sendo a m?e a pessoa mais importante no passado, experimentam dificuldade financeira desde a inf?ncia, a pior lembran?a da inf?ncia foi agress?o f?sica, acidente ou doen?a, o maior defeito apontado foi alguma caracter?stica negativa, pensam do passado e do presente de forma negativa, mas no futuro como melhor, j? usaram drogas il?citas combinadas, n?o foram submetidos a teste de HIV, cometeram o primeiro delito ap?s os 18 anos, n?o passaram por Institui??o de Menores, n?o utilizavam droga ao cometerem o delito e foram enquadrados principalmente em crime contra o patrim?nio.

A tese investiga o apoio a egressos do sistema penitenciário no Brasil, a partir do estudo das produções legislativas, das políticas públicas e da criação de programas de apoio, surgidos no país, a partir da década de 1990. Seu foco principal de análise recai sobre a atuação e o papel dos programas de apoio nas trajetórias de vida de egressos. Para tanto, realizamos um levantamento das iniciativas nacionais, pesquisa em profundidade em programas públicos (Agentes da Liberdade, no Rio de Janeiro-RJ e Programa de Acompanhamento Social, em Porto Alegre-RS) e da sociedade civil (FAESP em Porto Alegre-RS e Pró-Egresso em Maringá-PR) e uma análise das trajetórias de vida e do impacto do apoio na visão dos egressos. A metodologia de pesquisa incluiu analise legislativa, de políticas públicas, visita aos programas com realização de pesquisas documental e entrevistas. O referencial teórico foi constituído por abordagens de políticas públicas, sociais e penais - Delmas-Marty (2004), Adorno (1991), Souza (2007); trajetórias de vida, capital social, esperanças e oportunidades - Bourdieu (1980, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005); impactos do aprisionamento: disciplinamento, prisionização e estigma - Foucault (1996a, 1999, 2002a, 2002b, 2003), Baratta (1999), Goffman (1988); e inclusão/exclusão - redes sociais, religião e trabalho - Xiberras (1996), Barnes(1987), Quiroga (2005), Castel (2001). Nosso estudo parte da análise sobre a inserção, no Brasil, dos modelos de welfarismo penal - política criminal vigente nos países centrais na época dos Estados de Bem-Estar Social - e de Estado penal - política criminal surgida com a crise deste modelo estatal. Os programas de apoio investigados em profundidade revelam-se, à luz das teorias das políticas públicas e sociais, espaços de mediação para pequenas conquistas: acesso à cidadania formal, acesso aos meios de sobrevivência, como alimentação, transporte e vestuário, e à saúde. Em menor escala, as iniciativas permitem a inserção educacional e no trabalho, a partir de escassas e precárias, mas importantes concessões. Com relação aos egressos, suas trajetórias de vida revelam a existência de baixos níveis de capital econômico e cultural, responsáveis, na busca de sobrevivência, dinheiro fácil, aventura ou por fatalidade, pelo ingresso na criminalidade. Marcados pela experiência prisional e suas conseqüências, como a prisionização e o estigma, os egressos têm nos programas de apoio um local de construção de sociabilidade e de visibilidade. Neste aspecto, outros elementos são responsáveis por ampliar as esperanças e oportunidades dos egressos, como a formação de redes, a conversão religiosa e o acesso ao trabalho. Por fim, a passagem por programas de apoio implica em ganhos e frustrações. A temporariedade da condição de egresso, somada à temporariedade das próprias iniciativas, embora não permita inclusões sociais em sentido pleno, resulta em manutenções longe do crime e na redução do peso da condição de homens infames. / The present paper aims at studying the support granted to ex-convicts of the Brazilian penitentiary system based on legislative productions, public policies and programs from the 90´s onwards. It focuses mainly on the performance and role of support programs in relation to the life trajectory of ex-convicts. In order to accomplish such goal, national initiatives, public (Agentes da Liberdade, Rio de Janeiro, RJ and Programa de Acompanhamento Social, Porto Alegre, RS) and civil society programs (FAESP, Porto Alegre, RS, and Pro-Egresso, Maringá, Paraná) were deeply researched. Also, the life trajectory and the impact of support programs were analyzed from the viewpoint of ex-convicts. The research methodology comprised legislative and public policy analysis, and visits to programs so as to research documents and conduct interviews. The theoretical referential was based on public, social and criminal policies - Delmas-Marty (2004), Adorno (1991), Souza (2007); trajectories of life, social capital, hopes and opportunities - Bourdieu (1980, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005); imprisonment impacts: discipline, prisionization and stigma - Foucault (1996, 1999, 2002a, 2002b, 2003), Baratta (1999), Goffman (1988); and inclusion/exclusion - social networks, religion and work - Xiberras (1996), Barnes(1987), Quiroga (2005), Castel (1999). This study also highlights the insertion of the Penal Welfarism model in Brazil, which was the criminal policy adopted by the central countries at the time of the Welfare State and the Penal Sate - such criminal policy rose during the crisis of the Welfare State model. In the light of public and social theories, the support programs examined showed mediation spaces to the rising of small victories: access to formal citizenship, food, means of transportation, clothing and health. Although in a smaller scale, the initiatives also granted educational and work insertion. Notwithstanding, the life trajectories of ex-convicts reveal the existence of low economic and cultural capital levels which, in the struggle for survival, may lead to crime. Once entering the prison system and experiencing its consequences such as prisioning and stigma, the ex-convicts rely on the support programs to help rebuild their sociability and visibility. Moreover, there are other elements responsible for broadening the hope and opportunities of such people, for instance, the formation of social networks, religious conversion and work access. On the other hand, attending a support program involves victories and frustrations. Furthermore, the stigma of being an ex-convict and the temporality of initiatives might not bring full social inclusion, but they certainly help keep these people from committing crimes and help lessen the stigma of infamous men.