O presente estudo tem por objeto a organização do trabalhador do setor habitacional da Construção Civil em cooperativas de trabalho. Partimos dos pressupostos do cooperativismo - constituição democrática, autogestão, vantagens fiscais em relação a outros tipos de empresa e predileção do Estado prevista em lei -, para compreender quais características do modo de produção capitalista do setor interferem na formação, organização do trabalho e inserção no mercado das cooperativas de trabalhadores. Para tanto, buscamos compreender as razões da formação e da manutenção de uma base manufatureira de produção no setor - pautada na divisão intelectual e na precarização do trabalho e suas possíveis influências e distorções na organização do trabalho no sentido original de uma cooperativa. Também analisamos a atual organização do mercado de trabalho - marcada pela sub-contratação, terceirização de serviços e conseqüente suspensão de direitos trabalhistas adquiridos - buscando entender como o capital tem se utilizado das cooperativas e de seus princípios organizacionais. Por fim, levantamos possibilidades emancipadoras do trabalhador cooperativado na Construção Civil, bem como o papel que caberia ao arquiteto nesse processo. / The object of this study is the organization of the labour force of the house building sector in cooperatives. We started with the principles of cooperative work democratic constitution, self management, lower taxes than in other enterprises, and State support established by law -, to understand which characteristics of the capitalist mode of production interfere with the formation and the organization of labour and the insertion of the cooperatives in the market. To this effect, we sought to understand the reasons of the formation and upkeep of a production basis in manufacture of this sector based on the intectual division and precarious nature of labour and their eventual influences and distortions in labour organization in the original sense of a cooperative. We also analised the current organization of the labour market wrought by sub-contracting, outsourcing and consequent suspension of labour rights trying to understand how capital uses the cooperatives and its principles. Finally, we surveyed the emancipatory possibilities of cooperative work in the building industry, as well as the role Architects in this process.

Por ser o cooperativismo um modelo de organização que promove desenvolvimento econômico e social, estudos de soluções que levem ao aumento de seu desempenho e a redução de seus problemas são cada vez mais importantes. Estas passam não só por melhorias na gestão e finanças das cooperativas, mas principalmente pelo incentivo à educação e a participação dos cooperados. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi observar a relação entre educação cooperativista, participação e satisfação dos sócios de uma cooperativa de forma a contribuir para a elaboração de propostas e medidas que promovam o aumento do desempenho da cooperativa. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo exploratório no qual foi desenvolvido um questionário próprio e lançou-se mão de um estudo de caso, escolhendo uma cooperativa do ramo agropecuário como objeto de análise. Os resultados apontam que apenas a escolaridade não garante a educação cooperativa, a qual, por sua vez, está relacionada com a participação de forma positiva. Também se constatou que a maior participação não está relacionada com a menor satisfação, como se esperava, e sim com o maior poder econômico. Tudo isso reforça a idéia de que se deve investir em ações específicas para a educação cooperativista como forma de aumentar a participação de todos, bem como o desempenho da cooperativa. Apesar de suas limitações, a pesquisa é ponto de partida para outros estudos nesta área além de contribuir para a construção de um modelo de análise. / Because cooperatives are a model of organization that promotes economic and social development, studies of solutions that increase its performance and reduce its problems are very important. Those solutions involve not only improvement in managing and financing areas, but mostly the participation and the cooperative education. Thus, the objective of this work was to observe the relation between cooperative education, participation, and satisfaction of the members of a cooperative, as a way to contribute for the creation of proposals and plans that improve the performance of the cooperatives. To achieve this aim, it was done an exploratory study, using a questionnaire in a case study of an agricultural cooperative. The results show that high level of formal education does not implies high level of cooperative education, which is related with participation in a positive way. It also turned out that the higher participation is not connected with lower satisfaction, as imagined, but with higher economic power. All this reinforce the idea that is necessary investments in cooperative education to improve participation and cooperative performance. Despite its limits, the research is a start to others in the same area and contributes to the development of an analysis model.

Costa Rica is heralded as a leader in social and environmental issues and an example of a successful development story. However, how does this singular narrative minimize the more complex lived experiences of people? I introduce nuances to the story of Costa Rica by centering the lived experiences of women, drawing on primary data from questionnaires and interviews, and situating my research within the long history of cooperatives in Costa Rica, to learn more about issues women face and opportunities these institutions may offer. When looking through the lens of everyday experiences, we see that despite the significant progress in creating a safe country for all, women still experience inequality, discrimination, and violence. My hope is by including women’s voices, we move beyond the “single story” toward a more nuanced understanding of multilayered lives of Costa Rican women and an appreciation for the opportunities they seek and create.

Typescript. / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:23:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Ivana Milena Sales Rolim de Vasconcelos.pdf: 1053485 bytes, checksum: b911d4663d3b8c28836a6bc896872ca1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The cooperative system as reactionary and opposition to economic liberalism in Britain and France in the nineteenth century have maintained their principles and values and responsible for the performance of enterprises able to foster innovative economic activities and trigger development processes from local and potential interactions among active players execution of actions that consolidate the territory. In this perspective, this study focused on targeting the perspective of rural territorial development by understanding the cooperative, gender and territory categories inherent in this process. We sought to examine the lived experience of women responsible for founding the Cooperative Floriculturists the state of Paraíba (COFEP) in order to generate income for the unemployed and Avarzeado Almecega communities located in rural Paraiba swamp families. Regarding the means of investigation, research characterized the case study and interviews and questionnaires were used, and site visits. For the questionnaires were addressed to 12 cooperative and the interviews was involved a sample of six married women with children. The experience of COFEP revealed a cooperative venture that changed the economic base of families involved in the cooperative. Changes have occurred regarding the financial situation of the cooperative and the cooperative dynamics developed in COFEP reflected in positive consequences in the family of these women, especially in gender relations. It is an activity that was consolidated in the region with expansion plans, striving for enhancement of stakeholders and local potential. / O cooperativismo enquanto sistema que prioriza a associação e opositor ao liberalismo econômico, surgido na Inglaterra e França no século XIX, é responsável pela atuação de empreendimentos capazes de fomentar atividades econômicas inovadoras e desencadear processos de desenvolvimento a partir de potencialidades locais e interações entre atores ativos na execução de ações que consolidam o território. Nesta perspectiva, este estudo teve como direcionamento a perspectiva do desenvolvimento territorial rural tomando o cooperativismo, gênero e território como categorias inerentes a este processo. Buscou-se analisar a experiência da Cooperativa de Floricultores do Estado da Paraíba (COFEP) enquanto promotora de desenvolvimento territorial, perseguindo os seguintes objetivos específicos: 1) avaliar a dinâmica organizacional da COFEP enquanto projeto de cooperativismo; 2) identificar as mudanças ocorridas nas relações de gênero nas famílias das cooperadas a partir de suas inserções na COFEP, bem como analisar as dinâmicas de gênero presentes na COFEP. A COFEP situa-se nas comunidades Almecega e Avarzeado, localizadas na zona rural do brejo paraibano. Em relação aos meios de investigação, a pesquisa caracterizou-se como estudo de caso e foram utilizados questionários e entrevistas, além de visitas in loco. Para a aplicação dos questionários foram abordadas doze cooperadas e para as entrevistas foi envolvida uma amostra de seis mulheres casadas e com filhos/as. A experiência da COFEP revelou um empreendimento cooperativista que modificou a base econômica das famílias envolvidas na cooperativa, além de ter proporcionado consequências positivas no núcleo familiar destas mulheres relacionadas às relações de gênero. Trata-se de uma atividade que se consolidou na região com planos de expansão, primando pela valorização dos/as atores/atrizes envolvidos/as e das potencialidades locais.

The social and political effects of mass unemployment in South Africa mean there is an urgent need for strategies of job- creation. In this context, the Congress of SA Trade Unions (Cosatu), the South African Youth Congress (SAYCO), and the National Unemployed Workers' Co-ordinating Committee (NUWCC) have all expressed support for producer co-operatives, which are not only seen to have the potential to create jobs, but at the same time, are seen as providing a democratic alternative to capitalist enterprises. Thus firstly, this dissertation is exploring the potential for producer co-ops to fulfil these roles. However, for co-ops to make any contribution at all, they have to be economically viable. Thus this dissertation also attempts to analyse the terms on which this may be possible. In Chapter One, I analyse the roots of mass unemployment in South Africa, locate the problem and its effects within the framework of the current economic and political crisis, and analyse state strategies for overcoming this problem. I then turn to analysing the social and psychological effects of unemployment, and the implications of this for the growth of democratic organisation in the factories and township communities. I look at the strategies emerging for organising the unemployed, and conclude that the potential to organise the unemployed hinges largely around the extent to which unemployed workers' organisation manages to create jobs. In this regard, co-ops are a strategy of job creation that allows the unemployed to take the initiative in creating their own jobs, and on terms that build different forms of work organisation. On the basis of the priorities defined by the NUWCC, I then turn to analysing the limits and possibilities of co-op production. In Chapter Two, I address the theoretical issues that have emerged in relation to co-ops in capitalist society internationally, and attempt to analyse the reasons for their widespread economic failure, and for their tendency to degenerate into capitalist enterprises. From this, I draw out the potential terms on which collapse and/or degeneration can be countered, and refer to Mondragon in Spain and Lega in Italy as case studies. I then look at the potential political role co-ops can play, and conclude this chapter by focussing the issues discussed onto South African questions. In Chapter Three, I attempt a typology of co-op development in South Africa today, highlighting the extent to which a broad range of social forces see co-ops serving their own interests. Then, on the basis of a list of production co-ops in Addendum A, I analyse some of the overall features of the democratic co-ops that do exist at present, and point to the existence of degenerative tendencies in the South African context, with specific reference to Thusanang. I then focus on three case studies - the Pfananani co-ops, a carpentry co-op, and Nonthutuzelo. Each of these co-ops has arisen under different conditions, and they illustrate different aspects of the issues co-ops in SA will have to address if they are to survive. Chapter Four focusses on the production co-ops of the Sarmcol Workers Co-op (SAWCO), particularly the t-shirt co-op. The analysis of SAWCO constitutes the main case study of this dissertation. I have prioritised SAWCO because at the time I began the research, it was the only co-op with structural links to a Cosatu union; it is a co-op that arose out of the context of a workers' struggle, and contains important lessons for the establishment of co-ops with a clear relationship to democratic organisation. Furthermore, it relies on the 'solidarity' market to sell its products, and highlights certain important features and contradictions within this market. Finally, it highlights key issues in relation to the structures of ownership and control in democratic co-ops. In my conclusion, I attempt to draw together the material in the dissertation as a whole. I apply the theoretical discussion to the South African context, assess the implications of the nature of SA's economy for the development of co-ops, and attempt to provide some pointers to the terms on which democratic co-ops can be economically viable, thus creating jobs, at the same time as making a broader contribution to the extension of democracy in South Africa. / Labour studies research report (University of the Witwatersrand); v 4

Kentucky has a rich cultural and artistic tapestry that is part of the economic future of the state. An important consideration of this future is the artist-member organizations that serve Kentucky creatives and how they work together collaboratively, both internally and externally. The objective of this study was to see how ten different organizations viewed themselves and interacted with their communities in the way in which they are structure, or lack a definite structure as is the case with several different groups. Through web analysis and a series of interviews with organizations that provide benefits to Kentucky artists, we learn that there are no strict definitions to what these organizations are and that to continue, they will have to continue to become flexible and open to changes that may come their way.

The past ten years has been a decade of land wars in India. Rapid urbanization is spilling beyond city boundaries into the highways connecting large cities, instigating a frenzied consolidation and conversion of agricultural lands into urban/industrial lands. This process is fraught with conflict, as different social groups compete to stake their claims on the land value increments - the increases in land value due to the change in land use from agricultural to non-agricultural - of these newly converted highway lands. Against the backdrop of conflictual land consolidation processes, this dissertation examines the unique case of the Pune highways, located in the state of Maharashtra in India. Along some of Pune’s highways, agrarian landowners – sometimes voluntarily and sometimes with the mediation of bureaucrats – are pooling their fragmented agricultural lands, converting them to urban and industrial lands, and forming collective institutions of land ownership to own and control these newly converted highway lands. In other words, agrarian landowners along these highways are not being displaced from their lands. Instead, they are capturing some or all of the land value increments, and are benefiting from the urban transition. I examine the conditions that made these collective institutions possible in the Pune region, and the possibility and desirability of transferring these conditions to other regions elsewhere that are mired in similar land conflicts. My main finding is that the core of India’s land conflicts is a change in the valuation of land from fertility to location. This new, highway-induced restructuring of the land market interacts in complex ways with older caste-based forms of agrarian land control and these changes in land-based social relations is the source of conflict. India’s rapid urbanization along highways is taking place not within cities, but in-between cities, and is leading to new forms of politics that defies the urban-rural dichotomies. I also use Pune’s land conflicts and cooperatives as a window into the broader phenomenon of India’s 21st century transition from an agrarian to urban economy, and articulate the major elements of the new regional institutions that are needed for managing land markets during an uncertain urban transition.

The goal of this study was to develop a demographic profile of food co-op shoppers and to assess the relationship between policy importance ratings and two measures of shopper involvement. A survey measuring co-op shopper demographic characteristics, ratings of co-op environment and ratings of the importance of 13 co-op policies was completed by 283 food co-op shoppers in the fall of 1983 at the Food Conspiracy Co-op in Tucson Arizona. Overall, the strongest distinction between working members and non-members was a tendency for members to spend more at the food co-op. The two groups were similar demographically and similar in their ratings of the quality of food co-op atmosphere. Both groups rated range of co-op policies as important factors in store selection. These co-op policies were equally important to both members and non-members, and the importance ratings were largely unaffected by length of involvement with the organization.

No description available.