Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vanessa da Silva.pdf: 651632 bytes, checksum: 59f39f336366d44a1d8bf1d23d1c102d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-19 / The present research evidences how the poet Alfred Tennyson, developed the values of the courtesy, surrounded by a conservationist moral, in the constitution of the culture named national culture form the Victorian England. To achieve that, it became necessary for us to understand how Tennyson approached the social organic stage, opposite to the denominated Mechanical Age. The poet, who was laureate by the English royalty, is part of a movement, from England of the XIX century, which goes back to the Middle Ages to try to manipulate a national tradition. This movement, known as medieval revival, contributed to the values building, which resulted in the present society development. Added to this, Alfred Tennyson, was known as the voice of the Victorian England, who has really few historical studies of his poems, what makes him an author who still have a lot of things to be studied. In this essay, we have analyzed the poems The Coming of Arthur, Merlin and Vivien and Merlin and The Gleam, as the main historical documents. We have approached mainly the Merlin character. We have focused sometimes on the analyzing of the character body, and sometimes on the identification which the poet established with the wizard. Through Merlin´s positioning and voice , we have observed the organic society defended by the poet. This (organically) way of observing the society was related to the building of a national culture. This culture, according to Tennyson, should be built and consolidated by people education. The way of educating, to the author, happened through his poems, which carried morality and courtesy ideals / A presente pesquisa evidencia como o poeta Alfred Tennyson cultivou valores de civilidade, envoltos por uma moral conservadora, na formação da chamada cultura nacional da Inglaterra vitoriana. Para tanto, tornou-se necessário entendermos a maneira como Tennyson abordou a organicidade social, em oposição à denominada Era da mecanização . O poeta, que foi laureado pela realeza inglesa, é parte de um movimento, da Inglaterra do século XIX, que retoma a Idade Média para tentar forjar uma tradição nacional. Esse movimento, conhecido como renascimento medieval , contribuiu para a construção de valores, que resultaram na formação da sociedade atual. Somado a isso, Alfred Tennyson, que ficou conhecido como a voz da Inglaterra vitoriana, possui raríssimos estudos históricos sobre seus poemas, o que o torna um autor que ainda tem muito a ser estudado. Neste trabalho, analisamos os poemas The Coming of Arthur, Merlin and Vivien e Merlin and The Gleam, como principais documentos históricos. Abordamos principalmente o personagem Merlin. Algumas vezes focamos na análise do corpo do personagem, outras vezes na identificação que o poeta estabeleceu com o mago. Por meio dos posicionamentos e da voz de Merlin, observamos a sociedade orgânica defendida pelo poeta. Essa maneira (orgânica) de perceber a sociedade estava relacionada com a construção de uma cultura nacional. Cultura que, segundo Tennyson, deveria ser construída e consolidada por meio da educação da população. A maneira de educar, para o autor, dava-se por meio de seus poemas, que carregavam ideais de civilidade e moralidade

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-08-25T11:53:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Luisa Pisani.pdf: 1090613 bytes, checksum: fedfa14799c36e001be96188ef56c2fe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-25T11:53:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Luisa Pisani.pdf: 1090613 bytes, checksum: fedfa14799c36e001be96188ef56c2fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The present Dissertation presents a study of the civility discourse in “De civilitate morum puerilium” (1530), Erasmus of Rotterdam (1466-1536), and its implications in the compiling context and diffusion of this manual. By the addition of new themes in the history field, this works performs reflections regarding the social, religious and politic aspects of the manners suggested by Erasmus. In this way, it is analysed the continuous process of recriation of body signs and their respective symbolic construction of meanings in the 16th century. By these aspects, it is discussed how the new ways of knowledge, under the Christian and humanistic points of view, besides its own communication, impact the social life spreading and reinforce a real control of the bodies, from a vigilance which imposes itself more and more present and constant by the “ubiquitous eyes”. These “eyes” promote new sensitiveness, such as embarrassment, shame, pride and the own distinction, as a consequence of the paradigm about the ideal appearance and, therefore, desired / A presente Dissertação é um estudo do discurso civilizatório da obra “De civilitate morum puerilium” (1530), de Erasmo de Rotterdam (1466-1536), e suas implicações históricas no contexto de elaboração e difusão deste manual. Através da inserção de novas temáticas no campo da história, esta pesquisa realiza reflexões quanto ao aspecto social, religioso e político dos costumes sugeridos por Erasmo. Dessa forma, analisa-se o processo constante da reelaboração dos códigos corporais e da respectiva construção simbólica dos significados no século XVI. A partir destes pontos, é discutido de que modo as novas formas de conhecimento, dentro da perspectiva humanista cristã, além da própria comunicação, impactam na vida social difundindo e reforçando uma verdadeira contenção dos corpos, a partir de uma vigilância que se impõe cada vez mais presente e constante pelos "olhos ubíquos". Esses "olhos" promovem novas sensibilidades, tais como o embaraço, a vergonha, o orgulho e a própria distinção, fruto do paradigma quanto à aparência ideal e, portanto, almejada

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O surgimento da Internet provocou uma revolução no que diz respeito a novas formas de interação entre as pessoas, oferecendo experiências de comunicação em tempo real, nos chamados ambientes virtuais. Diante desse cenário, novos gêneros textuais emergem, abrindo caminho para inúmeras possibilidades de análise sob os mais diversos enfoques. Neste trabalho, tomamos por objeto de estudo as conversações digitais, procurando verificar, num primeiro momento, em que medida estas se aproximam ou se distanciam das conversações face a face. Também procuramos, ainda, identificar, descrever e analisar algumas estratégias interacionais inerentes a esse novo gênero, além de observar a manifestação de fenômenos da (des)cortesia verbal entre os interlocutores que utilizam esta forma de comunicação. Buscamos embasamentos na perspectiva da Análise da Conversação e da Sociolinguística Interacional para definir o gênero digital e as estratégias conversacionais do \"texto falado por escrito\" na Internet. O corpus utilizado neste trabalho é formado por conversações digitais advindas do MSN, software de comunicação instantânea da Microsoft Corporation, escolhido devido à sua larga utilização entre pessoas que utilizam a internet para comunicação. Pretendemos, assim, contribuir para o estudo das conversações digitais no âmbito da língua portuguesa, oferecendo uma nova abordagem para o estudo das comunicações mediadas pelo computador. / The emergence of the Internet sparked a revolution regarding to new forms of interaction between people, offering experiences of real-time communication, in the so-called virtual environments. In this scenario, new text genres emerge, opening up new possibilities for analysis from various perspectives. In this work, our study object is the digital conversations, and we try to ascertain, at first, how these conversations are similar, approach or move away from face to face conversations. We seek also to identify, describe and analyze some interactional strategies inherent to this new genre, in addition to observing the manifestation of phenomena of verbal (dis) courtesy between the interlocutors who use this form of communication. Our basements are on the perspective of Conversation Analysis and Interactional Sociolinguistics, where we try to define the genre and digital strategies of conversational \"spoken text written\" on the Internet. The corpus used in this work is composed by digital conversations coming from the MSN instant messenger software from Microsoft Corporation, which was chosen because of its wide usage among people who access the Internet for communications. We intend, therefore, to contribute to the study of digital conversations in the Portuguese language scope, offering a new approach to the study of computer-mediated communications.

O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar o gênero cartas, na sua especificidade, cartas entre escritores apresentado em um corpus único e cronológico e demonstrar que ele registra marcas de oralidade, especificamente marcadores de atenuação, criando um discurso epistolográfico cortês de Mário de Andrade e Manuel Bandeira com seu interlocutor Alphonsus de Guimaraens Filho. Elegemos como corpus seis cartas de Mário de Andrade e dezenove de Manuel Bandeira enviadas a Alphonsus de Guimaraens Filho no período de 1940 a 1944 e editadas no livro Itinerários . Faz-se um estudo descritivo e histórico do gênero cartas, verificando que a forma/composição do gênero não sofreu alterações desde os primórdios do ano 200 dC até os nossos dias. Posicionamos as cartas entre os polos da escrituralidade/oralidade, constatando a condição híbrida do gênero e dos textos sob análise. As cartas foram produzidas de forma gráfica, no entanto, apresentam marcas de oralidade. Verificamos que a história epistolográfica entre os escritores foi duradoura e atingiu seu objetivo, colaborando para o aprimoramento estético de Alphonsus de Guimaraens Filho. Acrescenta-se que tal êxito se deu pela presença da cortesia verbal nas cartas, especialmente, por meio dos marcadores de atenuação. Tais marcas modalizaram o enunciado, diminuindo a força dos atos ameaçadores de face. Na conclusão, destaca-se a valiosa contribuição das cartas de Mário de Andrade e Manuel Bandeira em relação às conquistas literárias de Alphonsus de Guimaraens Filho. A tese contribui para os estudos linguísticos, uma vez que comprovamos que mesmo sendo escritores renomados, Mário de Andrade e Manuel Bandeira mostraramse respeitosos e corteses para com o jovem escritor Alphonsus de Guimaraens Filho, conseguindo manter a interação mesmo à distância. / The objective of this paper is to study the genre \'letters\' in their specificity \'letters between writers\' presented in a unified, chronological corpus and demonstrate that it registers brands of orality, particularly attenuation markers, creating a courteous epistolographic speech of Mario de Andrade and Manuel Bandeira and his interlocutor Alphonsus Guimaraens Filho. We elected as a corpus 6 letters from Mário de Andrade and Manuel Bandeira and 19 sent to Alphonsus Guimaraens Filho during the period of 1940 to 1944 and edited in the book Itinerários. A descriptive and historical study of the genre letters is made, verifying that the form/composition of the genre did not suffered any modifications since the beginning of the year 200 AD to the present day. We positioned the letters between the scripturality/orality poles, evidencing the hybrid condition of the genre and the texts under analysis. The letters were produced graphically and conceptually written, however, they present orality marks. We verified that the epistolographic history between the authors was long lasting and it reached its goal, contributing to the aesthetic enhancement of Alphonsus Guimaraens Filho. It can be added that such success is given by the presence of verbal courtesy in the letters especially through the markers of attenuation. Such marks modalized the statement, decreasing the strength of face threatening acts. In conclusion, it is highlighted the valuable input of Mário de Andrade and Manuel Bandeiras letters regarding the literaly achievements. The thesis contributes to linguistic studies, once proven that despite being renowned writers, Mário de Andrade and Manuel Bandeira proved to be respectful and courteous towards the young writer Alphonsus Guimaraens Son, succeeding at keeping the same distance interaction.

O surgimento da Internet provocou uma revolução no que diz respeito a novas formas de interação entre as pessoas, oferecendo experiências de comunicação em tempo real, nos chamados ambientes virtuais. Diante desse cenário, novos gêneros textuais emergem, abrindo caminho para inúmeras possibilidades de análise sob os mais diversos enfoques. Neste trabalho, tomamos por objeto de estudo as conversações digitais, procurando verificar, num primeiro momento, em que medida estas se aproximam ou se distanciam das conversações face a face. Também procuramos, ainda, identificar, descrever e analisar algumas estratégias interacionais inerentes a esse novo gênero, além de observar a manifestação de fenômenos da (des)cortesia verbal entre os interlocutores que utilizam esta forma de comunicação. Buscamos embasamentos na perspectiva da Análise da Conversação e da Sociolinguística Interacional para definir o gênero digital e as estratégias conversacionais do \"texto falado por escrito\" na Internet. O corpus utilizado neste trabalho é formado por conversações digitais advindas do MSN, software de comunicação instantânea da Microsoft Corporation, escolhido devido à sua larga utilização entre pessoas que utilizam a internet para comunicação. Pretendemos, assim, contribuir para o estudo das conversações digitais no âmbito da língua portuguesa, oferecendo uma nova abordagem para o estudo das comunicações mediadas pelo computador. / The emergence of the Internet sparked a revolution regarding to new forms of interaction between people, offering experiences of real-time communication, in the so-called virtual environments. In this scenario, new text genres emerge, opening up new possibilities for analysis from various perspectives. In this work, our study object is the digital conversations, and we try to ascertain, at first, how these conversations are similar, approach or move away from face to face conversations. We seek also to identify, describe and analyze some interactional strategies inherent to this new genre, in addition to observing the manifestation of phenomena of verbal (dis) courtesy between the interlocutors who use this form of communication. Our basements are on the perspective of Conversation Analysis and Interactional Sociolinguistics, where we try to define the genre and digital strategies of conversational \"spoken text written\" on the Internet. The corpus used in this work is composed by digital conversations coming from the MSN instant messenger software from Microsoft Corporation, which was chosen because of its wide usage among people who access the Internet for communications. We intend, therefore, to contribute to the study of digital conversations in the Portuguese language scope, offering a new approach to the study of computer-mediated communications.

Thesis (M. A. (African Languages)) -- University of the North, 2002 / Refer to document

<p>The term organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) was first explored by Bateman and Organ (1983) to refer to particular behaviours that may benefit an organisation and gestures that cannot be enforced by means of formal role obligations nor be elicited by contractual guarantee of recompense. Organ (1988) proposes that OCB may have a positive impact on employees and organisational performance. Incumbents who are experiencing satisfaction from performing their jobs are likely to be better ambassadors for the organisation and be committed to their organization (Buitendach, 2005). Silverthorne (2005, p. 171) considers job satisfaction to be important for effective organisations and defines job satisfaction as &ldquo / ... a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one&rsquo / s job&rdquo / . Previous research indicates that individuals are most likely to go beyond their formal job requirements when they are satisfied with their jobs or committed to their organisations, when they are given intrinsically satisfying tasks to complete, and/or when they have supportive or inspirational leaders. Research into Organisational Citizenship behaviour (OCB) has primarily focused on the effects of OCB on individual and organisational performance. Several empirical studies report that OCB produces various tangible benefits for employees, co-workers, supervisors and organisations in a variety of industries (Ackfeldt &amp / Leonard, 2005). It essentially refers to prosocial organisational behaviour that goes beyond what is expected in role descriptions. Bolino, Turnley and Niehoff (2004) claim that three basic assumptions have characterised OCB research. Firstly, they argue that OCB research stemmed from non-self-serving motives such as organisational commitment and job satisfaction. Moreover, they maintain that OCB has led to a more effective functioning of organisations and finally that OCB benefited employees by making organisations more attractive to work in. Murphy, Athansou and King (2002) reported positive relationships between OCB and job satisfaction. Chiu and Chen (2005) investigated the relationship between job characteristics and OCB and recommend that managers enhance employees&rsquo / intrinsic job satisfaction to promote the display of OCB. Most research studies have investigated OCB as an outcome variable with job satisfaction as one of its antecedents. Although the majority of researchers contend that OCB is an outcome of job satisfaction, some research indicates that the two variables can function as antecedents or consequences or there may well be a reciprocal relationship between the two variables. This study endeavours to elucidate the factors that are postulated to produce job satisfaction and organisational citizenship behaviour, based on a sample of 133 employees in a retail organisation in the Western Cape. The results indicate that there are significant relationships between biographical characteristics and job satisfaction, between the dimensions of OCB and job satisfaction and between the job satisfaction dimensions and OCB.</p>

Book Six of The Faerie Queene deals with the complexities of courtesy in a socially changing world. Calidore, the protagonist of Book Six, sets out to defeat the Blatant Beast, the chief enemy of courtesy, but abandons his quest midway through the book in order to live the shepherds’ life. Despite the ethical ambiguity associated with Calidore’s abandoning his quest, this pastoral setting should enable him to deepen his understanding of the nature and practice of courtesy. However, Calidore is unable to grow, and the poet essentially gives up on his own poetic quest.

Thesis (Ph.D)--Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. / Committee Chair: Richard Catrambone; Committee Member: Gregory Corso; Committee Member: Jack Feldman; Committee Member: John T. Stasko; Committee Member: Wendy A. Rogers. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.