Environmental education (EE) as an approach to all education is needed to be incorporated in all the subjects of the school curriculum. In Namibia, there are Ministerial documents that support the incorporation of education About, In/ Through and For the environment within the curriculum. Even though there are documents that support this, EE continues to suffer barriers that hinder its effective incorporation into the curriculum. The findings reveal that EE in Namibia is incorporated into the traditional environmental subject homes only. The barriers that prevent the incorporation of EE into the Namibian broad curriculum for secondary schools are, amongst others, the lack of adequate teacher education programmes and the lack of interdepartmental collaboration at school level. These barriers and many others have been identified and discussed in detail in this investigation. Measures are recommended to ensure effective incorporation of EE in the Namibian broad curriculum for secondary schools. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Environmental Education)

TITLE: Extra-curricular activities as a support to the School educational programmes SUMMARY: The diploma thesis deals with the theme of extra-curricular activities and their supporting the curricular documents. The objectives of this thesis are to describe how extra-curricular activities support the School Education Programmes and the acquisition of the cross-curricular subjects after class. To meet these objectives the author applies triangulation of qualitative methods with the grounded theory design. The benefits of this thesis lie in pointing out the fact that leisure time activities can support the acqusition of the cross curricular subjects in schools and the provision of further findings about the possibilities of extra-curricular activities within the frame of the School Education Programmes.

This diploma thesis deals with problems of mathematical skills. Unlike previous research carried out in Czech education, this diploma thesis focuses on university students. Specifically, the focus is on aspirants of the bachelor degree studying geography at the Faculty of Science of Charles University in Prague. The main aim of this work is to determine the mathematical skills, with which students have the greatest problems, if these problematical skills change over time, whether they are problematic independently of the group of the students or each student group has problems with other mathematical skills. In order to meet the goals the credit tests of mathematical geography were used. Because this type of test is not commonly used to determine the level of mathematical skills, it was necessary to develop an own assessment methodology. In total, 1920 credit tests were analyzed from the six academic years 2011/2012 to 2016/2017. The results show that the most problematic mathematical skills are "unit transfers", "using the appropriate formula in the correct form" and "calculating the angles". GeKa + FGG and UZ students also have problems with "formulating a verbal answer or reasoning". All studied study fields did together the smallest proportion of mistakes in mathematical skill "expression the...

This study aims to analyze and evaluate how cross-curricular activities could be used with the science-program in the ESL-classroom in order to raise and nurture students’ motivation. The study also aims to identify the determining motivational factor(s) in the ESL-classroom. Finally, the study aims to analyze and evaluate how teachers can make use of Dörnyei’s motivational taxonomy in order to conduct motivation based teaching. This study is divided into three different parts. The first part is analyzation of three different lessons by using a thematic logbook. The first lesson was conducted through a ”traditional” approach, while the second and third lesson was conducted through a creative approach which involved a cross-curricular activity. The second part is the carrying out of student surveys to compare the lesson observations with students’ responses in order to find possible factors that improve motivation and interest. The third part is analyzing the result by Dörnyei’s taxonomy in order to investigate the impact of the teaching on students’ motivation. The results of this study show that cross-curricular teaching has a positive impact on students’ motivation towards the subject of English, and it is also one of the determining motivational factors. The second factor is the active participation and encouragement from the teacher. A cross-curricular assignment was created and carried out in order to demonstrate how cross-curricular activities can be used in the ESL-classroom. Finally, the results from the application of Dörnyei’s taxonomy shows that teachers can make use of the taxonomy to reflect on previous lessons in order to identify if the right conditions for motivation were created and protected.

Descreve uma investigação realizada junto a professores do Ensino Médio sobre percepções relacionadas à inovação curriculares na forma de estudos do futuro. Objetivo: Em primeiro lugar, identificar de que maneira os professores entendem o conceito de futuro em suas vidas. Em segundo lugar, identificar percepções e atitudes em relação aos estudos do futuro e à implementação destes junto a alunos do Ensino Médio da cidade de São Paulo. Em terceiro, orientar projetos nas escolas locais que adotassem essa abordagem. Método: Em sua primeira fase, questionário estruturado enviado a 200 professores participantes, no período de março a junho de 2007. Em sua segunda fase, oficina de apresentação realizada nas escolas investigadas e outro questionário estruturado enviado a 80 professores, no período de junho a agosto de 2007. Em sua terceira fase, reuniões com professores e coordenadores das escolas adotantes. Resultados: A primeira fase mostrou que os professores percebem o futuro como um período de tempo entre 10 a 20 anos do presente. Existe uma mistura de otimismo e preocupação em relação ao futuro e a crença de que é necessário um alto grau de preparação para este. A segunda fase mostrou que os professores percebem a relevância em estudar o futuro, principalmente para si mesmos. Entre as ferramentas apresentadas na oficina, técnicas como elaboração de cenários e consulta a especialistas lhes pareceram mais claras e de maior facilidade e relevância para a introdução junto a seus alunos. A terceira fase incluiu a adoção projetos multidisciplinares, propostas curriculares e atividades isoladas, por parte de algumas das escolas. Conclusão: Os professores mostram um grau de preocupação e interesse elevado na preparação de seus alunos para o futuro. Os estudos do futuro oferecem uma alternativa viável para a introdução de projetos e atividades de caráter multidisciplinar que ajudam os jovens a planejar e se preparar para o futuro. / It describes an investigation carried out with Secondary School teachers on their perceptions regarding curriculum innovations using a futures studies approach. Aim: Firstly, to identify the ways in which teachers view the concept of future in their lives. Secondly, identify the perceptions and attitudes regarding futures studies and their introduction in the Secondary School classroom in the city of São Paulo. Thirdly, supervise projects in the local schools which adopted such approach. Methodology: In its first phase, a structured questionnaire was sent to the 200 participant teachers, between March and June 2007. In its second phase, a workshop to introduce future studies in the schools under investigation was held, followed by another structured questionnaire, between June and August 2007. In its third phase, meetings with teachers and pedagogical coordinators were held. Results: The first phase showed teachers perceive the future as a period between 10 and 20 years from the present. There is a mix of optimism and worry and a belief that a high level of preparation is required for this future. The second phase showed that teachers perceive the relevance of future studies, particularly for themselves. Among the tools presented in the workshop, the creation of scenarios and the use of expert opinion were those which seemed clearer, more relevant and of easier introduction in the classroom. The third phase included the adoption of cross curricular projects, proposals for curriculum change and attempts at different activities by some of the schools. Conclusion: Teachers show a high level of interest and worry in the preparation of their students for the future. Future studies offer a viable alternative for the introduction of projects and classroom activities of a cross curricular nature that will help young people to plan and prepare for the future.

This thesis deals with the issue of media education and teachers who teach the class. The first part of the thesis is devoted to a theoretical definition of the cross-curricular theme of media education, its historical development and the gradual establishment of the topic in Czech curriculum and the subsequent introduction into schools in the form of a cross-sectional topic that concerns grammar schools and not only them. Attention is paid to textbooks, publications and Internet links and courses available to teachers. Part of the attention is devoted to the latest research on this topic. The research part of the thesis presents the results of my qualitative research, which outlines patterns of approaches, opinions and attitudes of media education teachers at selected grammar schools in South Bohemia. The thesis deals with the question of who are the teachers, who teach media education, whether they are already prepared for this topic from the university, or whether they had to educate themselves and what are their most frequent approvals. Only recent university graduates, unlike their older colleagues, have had the opportunity to become acquainted with media education in their higher education. Their older colleagues did not have it so easy and had to deal with this task and topic during their teaching. There are different views on media education among young and senior teachers. As a rule, every young teacher is enthusiastic and positively perceives the importance of media education.

Theoretical and project diploma thesis focuses on elaboration of the thematic art series named "Water" and its realization in art classes of middle aged children at the elementary school. The theoretical part brings the general insight into the problematics of water in art and project teaching. The project part follows and it is composed of seven proposed lectures of art lessons. The description of realizations and didactic analysis of the lectures are included in the project part as well. The diploma thesis is complemented with picture attachments, photo documentation of sectional lessons and proposed structured preparation of lessons.

The diploma thesis deals with teaching students of the lower secondary school about the topics of the local region and the migration of the population. The diploma thesis characterizes four specific methods and forms for teaching the local region from the point of view of migration. The methods are based on cross-subject relations and key competences of the students. Afterwards, the thesis is evaluated the process and the fulfilment of the objectives of the application of two teaching topics in geography lessons at the lower secondary school Vodňany in March 2019. Activation methods such as work with the map, walking in the vicinity, field lessons, etc. are often used for teaching the local region. One of the goals was also student´s active approach to geography lessons in creating their own learning activities. Part of the thesis is also an analysis of the results of a questionnaire survey focused on teaching the local region and migration from the perspective of teachers of geography and the knowledge of students about these topics. The results are favourable for the purpose of the thesis. Teachers link the topics of the local region and migration, it demonstrates that the proposed learning activities can use in the practice. Students have shown relatively good knowledge of the local region and during learning activities were able to use knowledge. In the introduction of the thesis is elaborated the theoretical part of the thesis, which is related to the themes of geography didactics, interdisciplinary relations, FEP BE, key competences, forms and methods of teaching.

Cross-curricular themes are important formative elements of education. A forest ecosystem is an environment with great importance and potential, and knowledge of forest ecosystem, processes taking place in it and human activities associated with it can be included in many educational areas. By combining these two phenomena we gain cross- curricular theme "Forest". A possible instrument for realization this theme is the forest pedagogy. In the theoretical part of the work is the term cross-curricular theme delineated and defined in general and also specifically on the example of cross-curricular theme "Forest". About the forest ecosystem are given knowledge that contribute to spreading the results of forestry research and to modernization of teaching about the forest ecosystem at elementary and secondary schools. The forest pedagogy is introduced as an instrument that can significantly contributes to deepen the learning points about "Forest" and its presentation as cross-curricular theme. In the practical part of this work are the results of a survey that contributed to the findings of the current state of implementation of cross-curricular theme "Forest" in teaching in elementary and secondary schools. They turned out, what is the awareness of forest pedagogy among teachers nowadays, and what...

The aim of this study is to prepare and verify a molecular biological teaching cycle. This cycle is focused on hands-on activities, critical thinking and student's activity. A total of 99 pupils from two elementary schools (9th grade) and one multi-year grammar school (equivalent to primary schools) participated in the verification. They helped to create an attractive learning cycle from molecular biology, which can be used directly without major modifications and low cost.