This thesis studies online fan communities, using the recent popularity of chess on live streamingplatform Twitch.tv as a case study to examine audience and cultural convergence between high and popular culture in a digital community setting. Bourdieu’s theoretical concepts field and capital are utilised in order to investigate changing structures and norms within this converging chess field. Affordances of the Twitch platform, too, are considered as key role players in the transformation ofchess culture online. Through participant observation in a live stream channel and through content analysis of online forum materials discussing the Twitch-hosted amateur chess "PogChamps"tournament, the study’s findings suggest that the introduction of a new platform like Twitch into a fieldlike the chess field can fundamentally restructure the community. This can occur because of platform affordances that offer new means for community members to accumulate valuable capital by setting new terms for what constitutes valuable capital and what it means to be "in the know" in the field. Additionally, by bringing new audiences to the chess community, Twitch is a key influencer indeveloping what can be seen as a new form of fan community centred around chess that emphasises spectacle and entertainment above game proficiency. These findings, the thesis concludes, can beapplied in similar community contexts in order to further understand the dynamic nature of online communities.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-12-05T15:33:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jorge Otávio Pinto Pouey de Oliveira_.pdf: 1107226 bytes, checksum: 9af9084c859cf494da3fffc258c8d826 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-05T15:33:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jorge Otávio Pinto Pouey de Oliveira_.pdf: 1107226 bytes, checksum: 9af9084c859cf494da3fffc258c8d826 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-06 / Nenhuma / O uso constante de plataformas de streaming para acessar os mais diversos conteúdos é uma realidade. Diante deste quadro, podemos também enxergar estas plataformas assumindo funções neste ambiente digital que anteriormente eram realizadas pelos meios tradicionais de comunicação. Uma destas funções que podemos cogitar é a curadoria musical. O objetivo desta dissertação de mestrado é propor uma investigação e imersão na plataforma de streaming musical, o Spotify, e analisar de que forma ela opera para divulgar os seus conteúdos musicais, criando assim, através de suas estratégias curatoriais, uma noção de um novo jornalismo cultural. As bibliografias acionadas tematizam cultura da convergência, jornalismo cultural, radiojornalismo hipermidiático e curadoria, além de um questionário sobre hábitos de novos padrões de consumo de música seguido da respectiva análise. Dessa forma, este trabalho busca contribuir tanto para desmistificar o papel secundário do jornalismo cultural em relação a outras editorias, quanto entender as novas possibilidades de busca e uso de conteúdos que estão ao nosso alcance no ambiente digital. / The constant use of streaming platforms to access the most diverse content is a reality. Given this framework, we can also see these platforms assuming functions in this digital environment which were previously performed by traditional means of communication. One of these functions we can consider is music curatorship. The objective of this master's thesis is to propose an investigation and immersion in the musical streaming platform, Spotify, and to analyze how it operates to disseminate its musical contents, thus creating through its curatorial strategies a notion of a new cultural journalism. The bibliographies triggered include cultural convergence, cultural journalism, hypermedia radiojournalism and curation, as well as a questionnaire on habits of new patterns of music consumption followed by the respective analysis. Thus, this work seeks to contribute both to demystify the secondary role of cultural journalism in relation to other publications, and to understand the new possibilities of search and use of contents that are within our reach in the digital environment.

Dentro del contexto de convergencia cultural en el Perú, Mibanco cambió su comunicación de marca para enfocarse en atraer a su público objetivo a través del mensaje de emprendimiento como una acción necesaria para superar los problemas sociales del país, impulsando el reconocimiento de la convergencia cultural histórica. Para lograrlo, realizaron múltiples campañas publicitarias, entre las que resalta “Ciudadanos del mañana” al ser una crítica directa a la indiferencia de la población ante los problemas del Perú. El elemento analizado es el estudiante escolar como herramienta de comunicación para generar mayor conexión con el público objetivo, lo cual llama la atención por su representación como influenciadores, llamando a los adultos a cambiar la situación actual del país. A partir de lo anterior, se investigó el uso de la imagen de escolares con un rango de edad entre 12 a 17 años de edad y de nivel socioeconómico B, C y D, hijos de adultos que corresponden al público objetivo de MiBanco en la campaña publicitaria “Ciudadanos del Mañana”, como herramienta de comunicación para el desarrollo de la narrativa social del emprendimiento en Lima Metropolitana con el objetivo de determinar la eficacia del impacto de los escolares en la campaña publicitaria. / During the context of cultural convergence in Peru, MiBanco changed its brand communication to focus on attracting its main target through the message of entrepreneurship as an action needed to surpass the social problems of the country, promoting the recognition of the historical cultural convergence. To achieve it, they did multiple advertising campaigns, from which is highlighted “Ciudadanos del Mañana” for being a direct critique to the indifference of the population to the problems of Peru. The analyzed element is the school student as a communication tool to manifest the problems highlighted to generate more connection with the main target, which calls the attention for its portrayal as influencers, calling out the adults to change the current situation of the country. From the above situation, it was investigated the use of the school students’ image between 12 and 17 years old and from social-economical level B, C and D, children of adults that comprehends the main target of MiBanco in the advertising campaign “Ciudadanos del Mañana”, as a communication tool for the development of the social narrative of entrepreneurship in Metropolitan Lima with the objective of determining the efficacy of the impact of the school students in the advertising campaign. / Trabajo de investigación

Cette étude porte sur la « culture geek » et son émergence en tant que sous-culture et identité culturelle revendiquée en France depuis le milieu des années 2000. En effet, ce mouvement d’abord américain a fait une entrée remarquée dans l’espace public qui incite à s’interroger sur sa réalité sociologique. Les geeks sont abordés ici comme fans de mondes imaginaires fantastiques (science-fiction, fantasy…), passionnés de nouvelles technologies et en tant que public premier et fondateur du processus de convergence culturelle théorisé par Henry Jenkins. La montée en visibilité du phénomène geek est ainsi liée dans cette étude à celle de pratiques médiatiques associées à ce processus (fanfictions, démocratisation des outils numériques, œuvres transmédiatiques et immersives, etc.). Dans ce cadre, le tournant réflexif (vers un sentiment d’appartenance à une identité collective) et la mode médiatique autour de la culture geek ces dernières années trouvent leurs racines dans les moments fondateurs de la convergence culturelle (depuis les pulps fictions et la naissance des comic books jusqu’à la sortie de Star Wars, du Seigneur des anneaux, des premiers jeux de rôles et jeux vidéo). Mais cela doit aussi à la radicalisation récente des croisements médiatiques, des pratiques participatives, de la mondialisation des partages liée aux technologies numériques et au passage des identités prescrites aux identités choisies dans les sociétés contemporaines marquées par l’individualisme. / This dissertation is about « geek culture » and the emergence of this subcultural identity in recent years in France. This movement, born in North America, has entered the public sphere in a spectacular way and it encourages us to study its sociological reality. Geeks are seen here as fans of imaginary worlds (science-fiction, fantasy…), new technologies lovers, and as first and original audience of the process of cultural convergence defined by Henry Jenkins. The increasing visibility of the geek phenomenon is connected to many practices associated with this process (fanfictions, wide use of digital technology, transmedia and immersive storytelling, etc.). From this point of view, the reflexive moment (the feeling of being part of a collective identity) and the geek trend are both rooted by the beginnings of cultural convergence (from the pulp fictions, and the birth of comic books, to the release of Star Wars, the Lord of the Rings and the first role-playing or video games). It also has to do with the recent growth of links between media, with the success of participatory culture, the possibility of worldwide share thanks to digital technologies and the shift from preassigned identities to chosen ones in our individualistic society.