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Niña de Cristal | Girl of Glass is a collection of essays focusing on how emotional sensitivity and identity converge through several lenses, but primarily through a mother-daughter relationship. In the title essay, "Niña de Cristal," the narrator's mother accuses her of being too fragile, a girl made of glass, and the narrator must contend with the instances in her life that caused the fragility. The first section explores generational trauma through lyrical essays about the narrator's separation from her family after her immigration to the U.S. from Uruguay. In "Daughter Language," the glossary form showcases her family's difficult history and the ways that language kept them connected despite the distance. The second section investigates the narrator's feelings on body image and desire. In "Body's Very Good Day," the narrator perceives herself as just a body and unpacks the detriments of how her upbringing emphasized self-image. Through the "I have a dead dog…" flash essays, the third section invites readers to see how the narrator experiences the pain of absence and grief after the death of her childhood dog. The fourth section details the narrator's struggle as a caretaker during her mother's battle with cancer. "the doctor says i must milk her body" leans into fantastical elements that highlight the chaos and absurdity of being powerless over a serious illness. The collection ends with "In Memory of The Perfect Body," which shows the lingering effects of knowing that her mother, the person she loves most, is also fragile. Niña de Cristal | Girl of Glass is a collection that acts as a mirror, demonstrating how the narrator and her mother's emotional sensitivities reflect each other.

This essay explores whether the gender constructions in Joe Abercrombie’s Best Served Cold and Juliet Marillier’s Daughter of the Forest question or contribute to existing gender categories. The analysis is performed using Raewynn Connell’s gender structure model, Brian Attebery’s theory of fantasy as a "fuzzy set" and Maria Nikolajeva’s schedule for stereotypical gender traits. Thus, both of the texts were analyzed to determine if their contents, structures and reader responses create opportunities or act limiting, how the main characters are portrayed and how the books various power-, production-, emotional- and symbolic relations look like. The result of the analysis is that both of the books portray patriarchal worlds, sexual division of labor, misogyny and gender-binding statements. The characters in Daughter of the Forest are quite stereotypical, with some traits that exceed their gender, whilst the characters in Best Served Cold are all portrayed with traditionally manly traits (even the female main character). Therefor one can say that Best Served cold’s female protagonist is the only element in the books that fully questions prevailing gender categories.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

The Body and the Parent-Daughter Bond: Negotiating Filial Relationships in Edwidge Danticat’s Breath, Eyes, Memory and The Dew Breaker est une étude sur les différentes façons dont le corps déséquilibré, torturé et traumatisé influence la relation parent-fille. Cette thèse examine l’impact du pouvoir et de la violence sur le corps aussi bien des parents que celui des filles et les différentes manières dont ces corps deviennent déséquilibrés. Cette thèse porte sur la construction et la négociation de chacune des conditions de parents et de filles sous l’angle du corps sexué traumatisé. Le premier chapitre traite la littérature précédemment écrite sur le corps en premier lieu, et sur les liens de filiation dans les deux œuvres en second lieu. J'ai introduit ma contribution au domaine et les différents aspects de la relation parent-fille qui ne sont pas pris en considération et que ma thèse essaye de démontrer. Ce chapitre contextualise ces deux œuvres pendant l’ère de la dictature des deux Duvaliers, père et fils, en exposant et discutant l’impacte néfaste de cette dictature sur les familles. Ce chapitre conceptualise et définit le corps, qui est une construction culturelle et un site d'interaction entre le pouvoir et la violence, par rapport aux relations filiales. Dans le deuxième chapitre, l'accent est mis sur la relation de Martine et Sophie par rapport à la pratique rituelle du test de la virginité. Dans ce chapitre, j’ai soulevé des questions sur le pouvoir de Martine de discipliner et contrôler l’attitude et le corps de Sophie et la manière avec laquelle la fille peut réagir au contrôle et à la subjugation de sa mère. J’ai examiné le conflit intergénérationnel qui est intensifié par le désordre corporel. J’ai essayé de démontrer comment Sophie souhaite rejeter et se séparer du corps de sa mère et son incapacité à le faire. Dans le troisième chapitre, j’ai étudié la relation de M. Bienaimé avec sa fille Ka qui est perturbée à la fois par le corps de son père et l’identité antérieure de ce dernier en tant qu’ancien Tonton Macoute. La question soulevée dans ce chapitre concerne le corps du père comme un agent de violence politique et comme une source d’inspiration artistique pour sa fille. L'identification de Ka avec et plus tard sa séparation du corps de son père est au cœur de mon étude, car c’est ce corps là qui modifie cette relation filiale particulière, qui résulte en un traumatisme transgénérationnel. Mots-clés: corps, relation parent-fille, pouvoir, violence, Edwidge Danticat / The Body and the Parent-Daughter Bond: Negotiating Filial Relationships in Edwidge Danticat’s Breath, Eyes, Memory and The Dew Breaker is an investigation of the different ways the disordered, tortured and traumatised body alters the parent-daughter relationship. It explores the mechanisms of power and violence on the bodies of both parents and daughters and the ways these bodies become as disordered as the psyche. This thesis will deal with the construction and negotiation of both parenthood and daughterhood from the angle of the gendered traumatised body. The first chapter deals with the scholarship that has been written on either the body or the filial relationships in both works. I have introduced my own contributions to the field in addition to the different overlooked aspects of the parent-daughter bond that my thesis tries to demonstrate. This chapter contextualizes both fictions with the era of Duvalier’s dictatorship and conceptualizes and defines the body in relation to filial relationships as a cultural construction and a site of the interplay of power and violence. The second chapter focuses on Martine-Sophie’s bond in relation to the ritual practice of virginity testing. In this chapter, I raise questions about the extent of Martine’s power to discipline and control Sophie’s body and behaviour and how the daughter reacts to her mother’s empowerment. I examine the intergenerational conflict that is intensified by body dysmorphia. I also demonstrate how Sophie wishes to separate herself from her mother’s body and why she fails to do so. In the third chapter, I study Mr. Bienaimé-Ka’s relationship that is disturbed by both the father’s body and his past identity as a former Tonton Macoute. The question raised in this chapter concerns the father’s body as an agent of political violence and his daughter’s source of her artistic inspiration. Ka’s identification and later separation from her father’s body is at the heart of my study because it is this body that alters this particular filial relationship, resulting in transgenerational trauma. Key words: body, parent-daughter bond, power, violence, Edwidge Danticat

[pt] A presente dissertação tem por objetivo realizar um estudo, a partir de Freud e Lacan, sobre a constituição da feminilidade e sobre as dificuldades que as mulheres apresentam na realização dos seus vínculos amorosos. A análise das relações entre mães e filhas tornou-se o principal tema deste trabalho visto que a maioria dos textos psicanalíticos sobre a mulher abordam este assunto. Ficou evidente que o vínculo entre elas é estrutural e fundamental para se obter uma resposta sobre o feminino. Os conceitos de complexo de Édipo e de complexo de castração, e os estudos da constituição psíquica do sujeito neurótico são a base teórica. / [en] This dissertation aims to conduct a study, based on Freud and Lacan, about the constitution of femininity and about the difficulties women present in the realization of their loving relationships. The analysis of mothers and daughters is the main theme of this work since the majority of psychoanalytical texts about women deal with this subject. It was clear that the relationship between them – mothers and daughters- is structural and fundamental in order to achieve an answer about the feminine. The theoretical base for this study constitutes of the concepts of Oedipus complex and castration complex, and the studies about the psychic constitution of the neurotic subject.