Nationalization decrees of the President Abstract This diploma thesis brings a comprehensive treatise on the nationalization decrees of the President of the Republic, and the related first wave of nationalization in Czechoslovakia. This first wave of nationalization took place just a few months after the end of World War II. The primary goal of this work is a thorough analysis of the nationalization legislation of the first stage of nationalization, with emphasis on its historical roots, especially with regard to the role of the person of President Edvard Beneš. The thesis first explains the basic concepts related to nationalization, which creates the necessary theoretical basis for the following parts. The second part examines in detail the historical context that gave rise to the very idea and concept of nationalization. A special space in this section is devoted to a key person in Czechoslovak exile politics and at the same time to President Beneš. The third to seventh part forms the very core of the submitted diploma thesis. In these sections, the President's own nationalization decrees of the Republic of the Republic are analyzed in detail. This category of presidential decrees includes a total of five regulations - Decree No. 50/1945 Coll. on measures in the field of film, Decree No. 100/1945 Coll.,...

- anglický jazyk In my thesis I deal with presidential decrees in constitutional and international context. It consists of 5 parts. There are preconditions for the emergence of decrees in the first part. This international-legal recognition of the Czechoslovak government in exile, the theory of legal and political continuity of Czechoslovakia, uninterrupted presidency of dr.Beneš and the withdrawal of the Munich Agreement. The second part talks about the concept of issuing decrees. In the third part is the most important content of constitutional decrees. The fourth section deals specifically about formal-legal, material-legal and political continuity. In the last part I deal with today's issue of the validity of the decrees and decrees of the Czech Republic by accession to the European Union. Government in exile was recognized by Great Britain in 1940. It was very important because it could arise decrees. It arranged the constitutional decree Nr. 2/1940 official bulletin of Czechoslovakia, which established the emergence of decrees. Decrees of the President of the Republic published a proposal to the government. The State Council worked on decrees since 1942, received as an advisory vote. This decree suspended formal-legal continuity. The situation changed even Slovak National Council, because...

Le Comité des décrets (21 novembre-3 brumaire an IV) doit son existence au besoin de la Constituante d'un organe intermédiaire par rapport au pouvoir exécutif pour surveiller le bon envoi des décrets aux corps administratifs, face aux nombreuses pétitions des municipalités sur les retards de promulgation. Plusieurs compétences se dégagent au cours des 5 années, procédant par accumulation, intégration, transfert ou regroupement d'attributions. Un 1er groupe de compétences en fait un intervenant dans les processus d'exécution, promulgation, impression et publicité de la loi jusqu'à être un de ceux qui concourront au « Bulletin des lois ». Un 2e groupe de compétences naît de l'autorisation particulière de correspondre avec les corps administratifs en département. Sous la Législative, il assure, par délégation du corps législatif, la correspondance avec la Haute Cour de la Nation à Orléans et la rédaction des actes d'accusation. Sous la Convention, son réseau de correspondance contribue au rappel des suppléants des députés démissionnaires, absents ou morts, attribution qui amène le comité à participer à la recherche des députés hors-la-loi. 3e groupe de compétences, la correction des décrets, importante pour que la loi reste conforme au texte adopté, tout au long des étapes de son élaboration, l'installe au cœur des Archives nationales. Très vite cette attribution se centre sur la vérification des décrets d'aliénation des biens nationaux. La fonction l'amène à récupérer les fonctions des Archives nationales sous la Convention thermidorienne et à mettre en application la loi du 7 messidor an II sur le triage des archives domaniales, judiciaires et historiques. / The Comittee's decrees, created November 21, 1789 and removed the 3 brumaire IV at the point where the National Convention, owes its existence to the need of the constituent Assembly to have an intermediary body from the Executive to monitor the proper shipment of its decrees to the administrative body, facing the many petitions of municipalities on delays in promulgation. Several competencies emerge over 5 years by accumulating, integration, transfer or grouping of powers. A first group of skills makes an intervener in the execution process, promulgation, printing and advertising of the Act to be one of those who will compete in the Bulletin of the laws. A second group of powers arises from special permission to correspond with the administrative body in the Department. Under the legislation, it shall, by delegation of the legislative body, correspondance with the High Court of the Nation in Orléans and the drafting of indictments. Under the Convention, its network of correspondance is updated contribution under the recall of alternates of the resigning members, absent or dead assignment that brings the Comitee to participe in finding the outlaw members. Third group of skills, correction of the decrees, important to ensure that the Act remains the same throughout the stages of its development, installs it in the heart of the National Archives. Very quickly this assignment focuses on the verification of the decrees of national property disposition. This function leads him to recover the functions of the National Archives under the Thermidor Convention and to implement the law of 7 messidor II on the triage of Crown, judicial and historical archives.

Presented diploma thesis with name "Es kommt der Tag...Heims ins Reich?" Expulsion of Sudeten Germans from Czechoslovakia on example of town Prachatice introduces in detail, on the basis of still existing archival materials with normality, steps against people with German nationality after the end of the Second World War. The issue was restriction of their own rights, loss of Czechoslovakia citizenship, in some cases also of freedom, their categorization, assembly for expulsion purpose and transfer of these persons outside borders of Czechoslovakia. The thesis describes in detail course of expulsion, from genesis of this idea to its assertion and preparation to its actual realization. Important part of this thesis is its subsequent application of the presented general facts at specific place town Prachatice. Thanks to it an extensive list with names of German citizens divided according to individual despatched transports and according to original house's numbers of people, who were put in these transports, was created.

Submitted by Alison Vanceto (alison-vanceto@hotmail.com) on 2016-10-10T11:48:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFFS.pdf: 1572758 bytes, checksum: 1b7f8b1b0e1eee8efccda5e75f8cb99e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-11T13:32:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFFS.pdf: 1572758 bytes, checksum: 1b7f8b1b0e1eee8efccda5e75f8cb99e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-11T13:32:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFFS.pdf: 1572758 bytes, checksum: 1b7f8b1b0e1eee8efccda5e75f8cb99e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-11T13:40:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseFFS.pdf: 1572758 bytes, checksum: 1b7f8b1b0e1eee8efccda5e75f8cb99e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The objective of this research is to analyze posts in blogs that deal Orthographic Agreement 1990 to understand the enunciative movement of Portuguese speaker’s place and Brazilian speaker’s place of Portuguese Language to produce a speech on the spelling. We choose “to give voice” to speaker that had voice and He didn’t expose his opinion about the orthographic standardization of language was by decree. It is through posts in the blogs that speakers assert their belonging and speak about Portuguese Language. The blog to Brazilian speaker and Portuguese speaker become a public and democratic space of opinion about language. The operation of the political in enunciative space permited to look at the brunt between Portuguese and Brazilian State and the Portuguese and Brazilian speaker of Portuguese Language and that showed publicly on the Internet their opinion about state decision on Portuguese Language. The possibility to look to this brunt we interessed for research. Our object of study is composed of the official decrees of Portuguese and Brazilian State of Orthographic Reform 1911 and Orthographic Agreement of 1931, 1945, 1971 and 1990. Our object also is composed for posts of blogs about Orthographic Agreement of 1990. We choose posts in Brazilians and Portugueses blogs that approach. The Orthographic Agreement and his political, economic, social, cultural implications. / O objetivo da presente pesquisa é analisar comentários em blogs, que versam sobre o Acordo Ortográfico de 1990, para compreender o movimento enunciativo do lugar do falante lusitano e do falante brasileiro de Língua Portuguesa ao produzirem um discurso sobre a ortografia. Escolhemos “dar voz” ao falante que não teve voz e não expôs sua opinião sobre a normatização ortográfica da língua que ocorreu através de decreto. É por meio dos comentários nos blogs que os falantes encontram um lugar para afirmarem o seu pertencimento nesse espaço de enunciação e dizerem que podem e querem falar sobre a Língua Portuguesa. O blog para o falante brasileiro e lusitano torna-se um espaço público e democrático de opinião sobre a língua. O funcionamento do político no espaço de enunciação aqui analisado permitiu observarmos o embate entre o lugar do Estado português e brasileiro a partir do texto jurídico e o lugar do falante lusitano e brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa ao se manifestar publicamente na Internet sobre uma decisão estatal acerca da Língua Portuguesa. A possibilidade de olharmos para esse litígio provocou nosso interesse em desenvolver a presente pesquisa. Nosso objeto de estudo está composto pelos decretos oficiais do Estado luso e brasileiro da Reforma Ortográfica de 1911 e os Acordos Ortográficos de 1931, 1945, 1971 e 1990. E pelos comentários encontrados em blogs sobre o Acordo Ortográfico de 1990. Selecionamos comentários em blogs brasileiros e portugueses que discutem o Acordo e suas implicações políticas, econômicas, sociais e culturais.

This thesis deals with the fate of the confiscated monuments nationalized by presidential decrees (no. 12/1945 and No. 108/1945) in 1945 within the Liberec region. The first part analyzes the wider cultural and historical milieu of the region, especially phenomena related to the expulsion of Germans and the issue of postwar confiscation generally. It focuses on the actual effect of the decrees issued by President Benes and also on the process of the establishment of state institutions for administration of confiscated property. The following part of the work is dedicated to the system of national administration of confiscated property of high artistic value (especially objects which belonged to displaced families). This part of the thesis is based primarily on preserved documents of the state organizations operating with the confiscated property after World War II, such as the National Cultural Commission (stemming from the so called Reinsurance Commission), or the State Heritage Institute. These sources include various directives, transfer protocols, correspondence, etc. Overall, the aim of the thesis is to provide a detailed analysis of the process of systematical gathering and administration of a property seized from displaced persons in a particular region in Bohemia. Keywords Liberec Region,...

For my diploma thesis I chose the topic: Analysis of the problematics of the expulsion of Germans in the period press of 1945-1946. In the first part of the thesis I will focus on the methodology and the chosen type of analysis. Then, in the theoretical background of my work, I will interpret the development of the relationship between the Czechs and the Germans, I will try to describe in detail when the first conflicts between the two nations began. In addition, I will deal with the expulsion of the Germans as such, as well as its phases, taking into account the establishment of the system of internment camps, the decrees of the president of the republic and the views of both nations on the issue. In the last chapter I will deal with the analysis of the press from 1945-1946. My aim will then be to describe the discourse of post-war Czechoslovakia regarding the expulsion of Germans, the attitude of the powers on an international scale, but also the visions of the future Czechoslovak Republic, as it was established by then political representation.

In this paper, to write, mainly based on Hubei Jingzhou Han Tomb No. 247 of The laws and decrees of the second year"¡Bthe Bamboo Slips of Zhangjiashan in the Eary Han Dynasty Empress Lu years (186BC) promulgated the "The laws and decrees of the second year". And these systems, do in depth. While many of these systems inherited from Qin, but also in the history of the early Han dynasty and the associated changes in state policy, under which such an amendment and gain. In addition to the time of the early Han Dynasty inherited the Qin, " Registration of Residents " and " The System of Granting Homestead ", but also because of the unified emerging empire, no longer need to use Qin "of dollars in the first grant Jue," The System of Granting Homestead, but to set the succession after the system, military medals Jue system has become extremely important to establish the household registration system supporting measures. So, the early Han Dynasty all the people's economic rights and social well-being, they are all related and the title of nobility class. In addition, even the preparation of the results of Wu is not only related to people, security and home management, also affected the litigation system, and even to sit, and even the limits of regional action. A number of related management measures, they must meet for us. Rather special is that the "The laws and decrees of the second year"Lane set a lot of bearing on women's rights law, women enjoy a number of special treatment; even the servants, there are also benefits in the slave girl slave components. "The laws and decrees of the second year" domain inside the official system should not only permit the " Shiwu System " the existence of, and its importance in the history of philology, but also presents the official system, the superiority of the domain. This with the "Shuo Wen Jie Zi ¡E order" than right, more found that "The laws and decrees of the second year".

In 1994 Congress enacted the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, which in part gave the Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division (DOJCRD) the power to investigate local law enforcement agencies for Constitutional and civil rights violations. Researchers have found these investigations are expensive, time consuming, and highly intrusive to a law enforcement agency. To understand how these investigations are impacting communities, data were gathered on cities with local law enforcement agencies that have experienced an investigation by the DOJCRD. Using a quasi-experimental, multiple time-series research design with a paired samples t-test, the dependent variables (violent crime and arrest rates) were analyzed for any differences before and after the introduction of the independent variable (the commencement of a DOJCRD investigation). With an established a = .05, adjusting for non-reported crime, and comparing to a non-equivalent control variable (national crime rate), the research findings indicate increased violent crime with the commencement of these investigations. The results also show that arrest rates significantly decreased indicating the possibility of de-policing. The negative impact to communities with increased violent crime rates and decreased arrest rates calls into question the efficacy of DOJCRD investigations. By supporting the recommendation for Congress to repeal this power given to the DOJCRD, this research can lead to positive social change by preventing federal government intrusion into local government that is negatively impacting communities.

Cette étude porte sur les rôles impartis aux parents et sur la façon dont ceux-ci étaient considérés dans les documents épigraphiques à caractère législatif (nomoi, psephismata, thesmoi) entérinés dans l’ensemble du monde grec aux époques archaïque et classique. Certaines de ces inscriptions concernent les affaires familiales à proprement parler : elles visaient à prévenir l’extinction des oikoi, mais également à endiguer les conflits entre parents. Ce sont notamment des lois funéraires ou encore des normes réglementant la succession. Les autres lois examinées dans le cadre de cette étude avaient pour objectif de contrôler la composition du corps civique. Il s’agit de règlements d’associations civiques, des décrets octroyant la citoyenneté, ou encore de lois prévoyant des privilèges ou des peines héréditaires. Dans l’ensemble des lois étudiées, ce sont les membres de la famille nucléaire, le père, la mère et leurs enfants, qui sont les plus souvent désignés, signe de l’intérêt porté par les législateurs au maintien de l’oikos, l’unité de base de la polis. Or, ces parents sont plus précisément nommés dans les lois à titre d’ascendants ou de descendants. Ainsi, les lois mentionnant les parents étaient d’abord destinées à assurer la préservation des lignages et, à travers eux, de la famille et du corps civique. C’est pourquoi les parents les plus fréquemment nommés dans les lois à l’étude sont les enfants et les descendants, héritiers d’un statut et d’un patrimoine qu’ils transmettraient à leur propre progéniture. Parce qu’ils tenaient une place essentielle dans la préservation des lignées, les enfants mineurs comme les femmes, épouses ou mères, tout en étant exclus du corps civique, avaient néanmoins un statut légal reconnu, même si leur capacité légale demeurait, elle, très limitée. Le père reste toutefois plus souvent nommé que la mère dans les lois, de même que le fils, parfois appelé à se substituer au père, est plus souvent nommé que la fille, qui est quant à elle essentiellement désignée comme sujet passif. Ceci témoigne du rôle-clé joué par l’homme, chef de l’oikos et représentant de sa famille au sein de la cité. Les collatéraux sont appelés à intervenir pour leur part lorsqu’il y a une rupture au sein de l’oikos, généralement à la mort d’un parent : ils se substituent alors au parent disparu ou apportent une assistance à leurs proches, parfois avec le concours des affins. Parmi les collatéraux, le frère, issu d’un oikos commun, mais surtout membre d’une même lignée paternelle, est le parent substitut privilégié. / This study intends to highlight how and why the relatives were named in the epigraphical legislative documents (nomoi, psephismata, thesmoi) from archaic and classical Greek cities. Some of these laws concern family matters, such as inheritance or funerals. These laws intended to prevent either the extinction of the oikos or conflicts between relatives, which could have disrupt the society. Other rules concern the regluation of the city by itself. These texts regulated the social and civic inclusion of the children and the wife (as a potential mother) or the exclusion of the descendants of subversive individuals. The relatives named in the laws are, for most of them, members of the same oikos : the father, the mother and their children. But these relatives are specifically named ascendants or descendants. The general interest of the lawgivers was actually the preservation of the lineages, conditio sine qua non for the maintenance of both the oikos and the polis as a whole. Therefore, children and descendants are the relatives most frequently designated in the protected documents. They are named as main heirs, who will further give the status and the heritage they have received to their own children. This thesis points out that minor children, as well as women (spouses or mothers), even if they were excluded from the citizenship, were recongnized by the law but they couldn’t really act legally. The man, as husband and father, remains more often mentionned in the laws, as he had a main role both in the oikos and in the polis. The same applies to the son, who could sometimes substitute for the father, whereas the daughter is always a passive suject in the laws. As for the collaterals, these relatives could intervene when a break occured in the oikos, mostly when someone died, sometimes with the family-in-law of the deceased. Within the collaterals, the brother, who comes from the same oikos but, most of all, who is a member of the same lineage, is designated to be the perfect substitute.