I examined the effectiveness of child-centered play therapy (CCPT) and person-centered teacher consultation (PCTC) for elementary school children identified with clinical or borderline levels of ADHD behaviors on the Teacher Report Form and the Conners' Teacher Rating Scale Revised - Short Form. Additionally, I examined the impact of CCPT and PCTC on the levels of parenting and teaching stress. Due to the current trend to determine interventions that are evidence-based through between-group or single case designs, for this study, I utilized a single case design experiment for which the behaviors of five children were examined. Trained observers utilized the Direct Observation Form in observations of all five students three times per week. Additionally, parents and teachers completed behavioral rating scales and stress inventories at pre-, mid-, and post-intervention. To prevent biased observational ratings, observers were blind to the assignment of the five children. Three students participated in 24 sessions of twice-weekly 30-minute sessions of CCPT, and these students' teachers participated in six sessions of once-weekly 10-minute PCTC. Two students participated in twice-weekly 30-minute sessions of reading mentoring, after which they participated in 14 sessions of CCPT. Visual analysis of the data indicated mixed results. Three students demonstrated substantial improvement in the observed ADHD behaviors within the classroom. Results of the parent and teacher assessment data were inconsistent, but did indicate behavior change for some children and a reduction in teaching stress for one teacher. Parenting stress appeared unaffected. Implications for future research regarding the use of single case design, the measurement of student behavior change, and issues of comorbidity are indicated.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), an intellectual impairment, generally characterised by inattentiveness and impulsivity has become prevalent in South African schools. ADHD learners require support from within the classroom to accommodate their academic and behavioural needs. A quantitative research was undertaken to determine the impact of an educator's knowledge of ADHD on teaching support strategies. An educator's ADHD knowledge is based on their understanding of the diagnosis, causes, symptoms and management of ADHD as well as the effect that ADHD has on a learner's classroom skills. Data was obtained from responses to questionnaires from randomly selected respondents within randomly selected government secondary schools in the Umlazi District of Kwa-Zulu Natal. The data was descriptively analysed to conclude that the level of ADHD knowledge possessed by educators impact on the appropriateness of their teaching strategies. There is a need to impart knowledge regarding learning barriers to educators, to ensure the efficacy of teaching strategies. / Inclusive Education / M. Ed. (Inclusive Education)

TITLE Physical activity and its impact on pupils with specific learning disabilities and behavior disabilities in normal education at primary school AUTHOR Lucie Muráriková SUPERVISOR PhDr. Martin Dlouhý, Ph.D. ABSTRACT This work is focusing on the specific learning and behavioral disabilities. The aim is to create several activity plans and exercise plans which could be used to determine the effect of physical activity on the work of students with learning disabilities and ADHD/ADD. My idea is that the physical activity should not only positively affect the overall quality of teaching, but should also serve very well in the reeducation of specific learning disabilities in children with ADHD and ADD. Pupils with specific learning disabilities should, after a certain period of this experiment, be showing significant changes in their results and knowledge. Pupils with the ADHD and ADD should be showing better results and knowledge due to the improving attention and at the same time the physical activity should influence their length of concentration, disturbance during lessons, or tendencies to aggression. I consulted a child psychologist and a special pedagogue during the creation of the plans and activities for reeducation. And during the observations of two groups - experimental and control - I collected...

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This thesis aims to to see if its possible to meet some of the complex needs of people with ADHD, in the form of aiding them with remembering to complete tasks and chores. Current studies have mainly focused on either assessing or treating ADHD rather than looking at aiding people already diagnosed. In order to evaluate if the needs can be met the participants of the paper are first interviewed to determine some of the needs. A mobile application was then developed based on the data collected from the interviews and later evaluated by the participants in a second round of interviews. The result of this paper showed that these complex needs can be met, in this paper the needs managed to be met with the use of mobile notifications that server as reminders and also by letting the participants prioritize the importance of the task. However the application did not fully suit all participants and had some shortcomings which could lead to further research that looks at trying to meet more of these needs, either by continued development of the application or by mapping out what the needs are.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is usually associated with deficits in Organization, Time Management, and Planning skills (OTMP; Pfiffner et al., 2013). Without adequate intervention, students with ADHD are more at risk of significant academic difficulties during the transition to secondary school mainly because of the increased organizational demands and expectations of greater autonomy characterizing this learning environment (Litner, 2003). The objective of this thesis was to better understand the factors associated with the effectiveness of the TRANSITION Project (Normandeau et al., 2011), a multimodal intervention aiming to support parents and ADHD children as they transition from primary school (Grade 6) to secondary school (Secondary 1). It includes a) a group intervention component for youths, targeting the improvement of OTMP and study skills, b) a group intervention component for parents, targeting the adoption of effective educational strategies to support their child in their learning activities, and c) a mentoring component in participants’ homes, for individualized support for youths and parents in acquiring the targeted skills. To participate in the study, children had to present a diagnosis of ADHD confirmed during a diagnostic interview based on DSM-IV criteria and certified by a physician. Families were randomly assigned to an intervention group or a group receiving usual community services. Improvement in OTMP skills at the end of secondary 1 was measured using a two-dimensional questionnaire (Time Management and Planning skills; Memorization and Material Management). The first article verified whether some individual (sex, comorbidity, intensity of ADHD symptoms) or familial characteristics (parental depression, parental stress, stressful life events) modulated the effectiveness of the TRANSITION Project in improving children's OTMP skills. Moderation analysis showed that OTMP skills improvement is influenced by few individual and family characteristics. The benefits of the TRANSITION Project in terms of Memorization and Material Management skills improvement are particularly favored in children presenting more ADHD residual symptoms following pharmacological treatment. Parental depressive symptoms reduce the added value of the intervention in terms of improving Time Management and Planning skills. The second article aimed to verify whether the OTMP skills improvement at the end of secondary 1 occurred through an effect of the TRANSITION Project on parental practices. Multivariate regression analysis and test of indirect effects (using PROCESS software) showed that parents' participation in the TRANSITION Project was associated with greater consistency in the use of effective parenting practices, which contributed to the improvement of the child’s OTMP skills. Globally, the studies presented in the thesis support the effectiveness of the TRANSITION Project and the relevance of an intervention tailored to the needs of youths with ADHD and their family during the transition from primary to secondary school. / Le trouble déficit de l'attention avec ou sans hyperactivité (TDAH) est généralement associé à des difficultés d’organisation du temps et de l’espace, et de planification de l’étude (OTEPE) (Pfiffner et al., 2013) persistant même avec l’utilisation d’un traitement pharmacologique. Sans intervention adéquate, les jeunes ayant un TDAH sont à risque de difficultés scolaires importantes, et ce particulièrement lors de la transition primaire-secondaire où ils seront confrontés à une augmentation des exigences organisationnelles et des attentes d’autonomie (Litner, 2003). L’objectif de cette thèse était de mieux cerner les facteurs associés à l’efficacité du Projet TRANSITION (Normandeau et al., 2011), un programme d'intervention multimodal visant à soutenir les jeunes ayant un TDAH et leur famille lors de la transition primaire-secondaire par l’amélioration des habiletés d’OTEPE du jeune, et l’acquisition de stratégies éducatives parentales adaptées afin de soutenir la mise en pratique des stratégies d’OTEPE du jeune. L’intervention se déroule de la fin de la 6e année primaire à la fin du secondaire 1, et comporte deux volets de groupe (jeunes; parents) et un volet de mentorat à domicile. Afin de participer à l’étude, les jeunes devaient présenter un diagnostic de TDAH (attesté par un médecin) et être sous traitement pharmacologique (dosage optimal). Les familles ont été assignées aléatoirement entre un groupe recevant l’intervention et un groupe recevant les services usuels de la communauté. L’amélioration des habiletés d’OTEPE à la fin du secondaire 1 était mesurée à l’aide d’un questionnaire à deux dimensions (mémorisation et organisation du matériel; gestion du temps et de planification). Le premier article de la thèse visait à vérifier si certaines caractéristiques présentes chez les participants avant le début de l’intervention (sexe de l’enfant, problèmes co-occurrents, intensité des symptômes de TDAH, dépression parentale, stress parental, événements de vie stressants) modulaient l’efficacité du Projet TRANSITION sur l’amélioration des habiletés d’OTEPE des jeunes. Les analyses de modération ont mis en évidence que l’amélioration des habiletés d’OTEPE chez les jeunes est influencée par peu des caractéristiques individuelles et familiales étudiées. Les bénéfices du Projet TRANSITION pour l’amélioration des habiletés de mémorisation et organisation du matériel sont particulièrement marqués chez les jeunes présentant davantage de symptômes résiduels de TDAH suite au traitement pharmacologique. À l’inverse, la présence de symptômes dépressifs chez le parent réduit la valeur ajoutée de l’intervention au niveau de l’amélioration des habiletés de gestion du temps et de planification. Le second article vérifiait si l’amélioration des habiletés d’OTEPE à la fin du secondaire 1 se produisait notamment par le biais d’un effet du Projet TRANSITION sur les pratiques parentales. Les analyses de régressions linéaires et tests d’effet indirect par échantillonnage multiples (logiciel PROCESS) ont mis en évidence que la participation des parents au Projet TRANSITION était associée à une meilleure constance dans l’utilisation des pratiques parentales efficaces, et que celle-ci contribuait à l’amélioration des habiletés d’OTEPE des jeunes. Globalement les résultats de ce travail doctoral appuient l’efficacité du Projet TRANSITION et soutiennent la pertinence d’offrir une intervention adaptée aux besoins des jeunes ayant un TDAH et de leur famille lors du passage primaire-secondaire.

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Les élèves ayant un TDAH sont tout particulièrement à risque de décrochage et d’échec scolaire. Pour tenter de les prévenir, plusieurs initiatives dans le domaine de la pratique ont été mises en place telles que la ludification. Dans cet écrit, la conception de ludification inclut les concepts du jeu et du jouer. Ce mémoire tente de répondre à la question suivante : comment la ludification est-elle utilisée dans les pratiques enseignantes auprès des élèves du secondaire et ceux ayant un TDAH ? Pour ce faire, les différentes conceptions actuelles de ludification de quatre enseignants du secondaire au Québec seront présentées. Les participants ont effectué deux entrevues et rédigé des récits d’événements sur leurs propres pratiques de ludification en classe. Un total de dix pratiques de ludification ont été décrites par nos participants et analysées selon les préoccupations enseignantes de Bucheton et Soulé identifiées dans leur modèle du multi-agenda (2009). De plus, lors des périodes ludifiées en classe, les enseignants ont identifié quelles ont été les retombées perçues sur le groupe de manière générale et plus spécifiquement sur leurs élèves ayant un trouble de déficit de l’attention avec ou sans hyperactivité (TDAH). Une analyse par triangulation des données a été effectuée pour permettre une discussion sur les différents types de ludification constatés, sur les retombées perçues auprès des élèves avec un TDAH, et sur l’effet de ces pratiques sur le rôle enseignant. Les résultats nous ont permis de constater que les pratiques de ludification donnent l’occasion de couvrir des compétences transversales et de favoriser un contexte d’autonomie et de participation en classe. Nous concluons que le défi de concevoir le concept de ludification est toujours actuel et que la ludification est rarement utilisée en classe au sein d’une population spécifique. Toutefois, nous avons constaté que la ludification de type ancrée est plutôt orientée vers l’autonomisation de l’élève, alors que la ludification circonscrite vise l’atmosphère de la classe. L’autonomie semble moins développée chez les élèves ayant un TDAH, mais leur participation et leur engagement émotif à la tâche sont fortement favorisés par les pratiques ludiques. / Students with ADHD are particularly at risk of academic disengagement and school underperformance. In the practical area, some initiatives have been implemented to prevent these phenomena such as ludification. In this essay, the used conception of ludification includes the concept of game and play. By this essay, we are intending to give a response to this question: how is the ludification of teachers’ practices used on high school students and the ones with ADHD? This work presents the multiple and actual conceptions of four high school teachers from Quebec. The participants did two interviews and completed accounts of events of their own ludic practices in class. In total, ten ludic practices have been described by our participants and analyzed according to the teachers’ preoccupations of Bucheton and Soulé identified in their model of the multi-agenda (2009). In addition, during these activities in class, the teachers had to identify what were the perceived benefits in general and for the students that have ADHD. A triangulation analysis of our data was done, allowing a discussion on the different types of ludification noticed, on the perceived impacts on ADHD students, and on the teachers’ role. Our results allowed us to observe that the gamified practices give the opportunity to cover transversal competences and to favour an autonomy context and participation in class. However, we observed that grounded ludification (ludification ancrée) is more oriented towards the autonomy development of the student, whereas the circumscribed ludification (ludification circonscrite) targets the class’s atmosphere. ADHD students’ autonomy seems less developed, but their motivation and their emotional engagement are favoured greatly by the ludic practices.