Evaluation of influence of interpolation methods on coregistration of radar images Abstract SAR interferogram processing requires subpixel coregistration of SAR image pair for accurate phase differencing. Errors in alignment introduce phase noise in SAR interferogram. Last step in coregistration is resampling one of SAR images. Also this step introduces errors in SAR interferogram. The resampling algorithms Nearest Neighbor, Bilinear interpolation, Cubic Convolution and advanced methods such as Raised Cosine kernel, Knab interpolation kernel and Truncated Sinc were tested on ERS tandem data and compared. The results were compared with the theory and simulations of earlier investigations (Hanssen, Bamler, 1999), (Migliaccio, Bruno, 2003) and (Cho ... [et al.], 2005). The main experiment in this work was to examine and compare resampling methods on real data to evaluate their effect on the interferometric phase quality and DEM generation. The coregistration performance was evaluated by the coherence (Touzi ... [et al.], 1999) and the sum of phase differences (Li ... [et al.], 2004). No evidence showed that computationally intensive algorithms produced better quality of interferogram than Cubic Convolution. The possibilities of evaluating by means of the accuracy of the final InSAR DEM (Li, Bethel, 2008) were...

Ayahuasca är en psykedelisk dryck som har använts av stammar i Amazonas för att hela och komma närmare det gudomliga. Denna litteraturstudie syftar till att undersöka Ayahuascas effekt mot depression och om det kan användas inom sjukvården i enlighet med svensk lagstiftning.  Alla 6 studier som inkluderats i den aktuella analysen visar en trend mot lindring av depressiva symptom eller hela depressionssjukdomen. Palhano-Fontes et al’s randomiserade, placebokontrollerade kliniska studie på behandlingsresistent depression kunde beräkna NNT-tal (Numbers Needed to Treat) för behandlingssvar. Behandlingssvar definierades som halverade poäng för MADRS (Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale) och HAM-D (Hamilton rating scale for depression). För MADRS blev NNT=2,66 och för HAM-D blev NNT=2,69 vid dag 7. Detta innebär att 1 på ca 3 personer svarar på behandling.  Några av studierna begränsades på grund av lågt deltagande och försök till att mäta depressionsförändringar på deltagare som inte var deprimerade. I de studier som inte inkluderar deprimerade patienter kunde det inte avgöras om Ayhuascas effekter påverkade själva depressionen eller endast symptomen av depression. För samtliga studier sågs dock en poängsänkning i de olika depressionsskalorna, vilket ger underlag för mer forskning inom ämnet.  Biverkningar av teet var främst kräkning och ansågs av deltagarna i studierna inte vara överväldigande. Svensk lag dikterar att biverkningar för ett läkemedel får inte stå i missförhållande till dess effekt, vilket Ayahuasca inte tycks göra och således verkar det kunna användas inom sjukvården. Fler studier krävs för att utvärdera Ayhauscas antidepressiva effekt och om kräkning går att undvikas. / Ayahuasca is a psychedelic infusion which has been used by Amazonian tribes for healing and connecting with the divine. The aim of this literature study was to examine Ayahuasca‘s effect on depression and whether it is usable within healthcare according to Swedish law. All of the 6 studies included showed a trend towards alleviated symptoms of depression or cured overall depression. Palhano-Fontes et al’s randomized, placebo-controlled study on treatment resistant depression determined the NNT (Numbers Needed to Treat) for treatment response. Treatment response was defined as 50 % reduction in HAM-D (Hamilton rating scale for depression) and MADRS (Montgomery and Åberg Depression Rating Scale) scores. NNT for MADRS was calculated to NNT=2,66 while it was NNT=2,69 for HAM-D, which means that 1 in about 3 responds to treatment Some of the studies were limited by few participants and trying to examine changes in depression on participants that were not depressed. Studies not including depressed patients could not determine if Ayahuasca was affecting the depression or only the symptom of the disorder. However, all studies showed an antidepressive trend, which prompts the need for more research within this subject. Side effects of the tea were mainly vomiting, which the participants did not feel were overwhelming. As Swedish law states that the positive effect of any drug should not be overshadowed by its side effects. Ayahuasca may therefore be suitable for healthcare use from this perspective. More studies are needed to evaluate Ayahuascas antidepressant effect and if vomiting can be avoided.

A indústria mineradora do país sofre constantemente com problemas ambientais devido à qualidade e volume de rejeitos gerados durante o processo de extração do minério. Os volumes gerados demandam grandes áreas para armazenagem e consequentemente obras complexas de contenção dos rejeitos. A engenharia geotécnica busca entender o comportamento mecânico de depósitos destes rejeitos através do uso de ensaios tanto de campo como de laboratório. Para isso utiliza ferramentas e procedimentos consagrados no meio técnico seguindo normas e procedimentos estabelecidos e consagrados mundialmente. No entendimento do comportamento mecânico dos solos argilosos, as análises são desenvolvidas em termos de tensões totais, já para os solos arenosos em termos de tensões efetivas. Todavia, para solos com granulometria intermediária, não se tem um consenso no que se refere à interpretação do comportamento mecânicos a partir de ensaios de campo Este trabalho apresenta resultados de ensaios de DMT e CPTU conduzidos em diferentes velocidades de penetração no intervalo de aproximadamente 1 e 57 mm/s, em depósito de rejeito de mineração, para avaliar tanto a influência da velocidade sobre as medidas do ensaio, quanto a transição das condições de fluxo ao redor do piezocone e durante a expansão da membrana do dilatômetro. Um equipamento simples e de baixo custo foi desenvolvido para monitorar a poropressão no centro da lâmina do DMT e dados são interpretados à luz das condições de drenagem impostas durante a execução do ensaio. Resultados indicam que as leituras e os valores de P0 e P1 são medidas de tensão total e por este motivo influenciadas pela magnitude da poropressão gerada durante a penetração da lâmina. Um novo Fator de Velocidade adimensional “Vt” é proposto para identificar possíveis efeitos de consolidação que ocorrem durante a penetração do piezocone e orientações são dadas para utilização de CPTU e DMT em solos de permeabilidade dentro do intervalo de 10-6 a 10-3 cm/s. / The mining industry of the country constantly suffers from environmental problems due to the quality and volume of waste generated during the mineral extraction process. Volumes generated require large areas for storage and consequently complex works of tailings. The geotechnical engineering seeks to understand the mechanical behavior of deposits of this waste by using assays well as laboratory and field. To this end tools and procedures laid down in the technical means following established rules and procedures consecrated worldwide. In the understanding of the mechanical behavior of clay soils, the analyzes are developed in terms of total stresses and for sandy soils in terms of effective stress. However, in soils with intermediate particle size, there is no consensus concerning the interpretation of the mechanical behavior from field trials. This paper presents the results of DMT and CPTU test conducted at different penetration rates in the range of about 1 to 57 mm / s in mining waste deposit to evaluate both the effect of speed on the measurements of the test, as the transition the flow conditions around the piezocone and during the expansion of the dilatometer membrane. A simple and inexpensive equipment has been developed to monitor the pore pressure in the center of the DMT blade and data are interpreted in the light of the imposed drainage conditions during the test. Results indicate that the readings that the P0 and P1 are total stress measurements and for this reason influenced by the magnitude of pore pressure generated during penetration of DMT blade. A new dimensionless Velocity Factor "Vt" is proposed to identify potential consolidation effects occurring during the penetration of piezocone and guidance is provided for use CPTU and DMT in soil permeability in the range 10-6 to 10-3 cm/s.

A indústria mineradora do país sofre constantemente com problemas ambientais devido à qualidade e volume de rejeitos gerados durante o processo de extração do minério. Os volumes gerados demandam grandes áreas para armazenagem e consequentemente obras complexas de contenção dos rejeitos. A engenharia geotécnica busca entender o comportamento mecânico de depósitos destes rejeitos através do uso de ensaios tanto de campo como de laboratório. Para isso utiliza ferramentas e procedimentos consagrados no meio técnico seguindo normas e procedimentos estabelecidos e consagrados mundialmente. No entendimento do comportamento mecânico dos solos argilosos, as análises são desenvolvidas em termos de tensões totais, já para os solos arenosos em termos de tensões efetivas. Todavia, para solos com granulometria intermediária, não se tem um consenso no que se refere à interpretação do comportamento mecânicos a partir de ensaios de campo Este trabalho apresenta resultados de ensaios de DMT e CPTU conduzidos em diferentes velocidades de penetração no intervalo de aproximadamente 1 e 57 mm/s, em depósito de rejeito de mineração, para avaliar tanto a influência da velocidade sobre as medidas do ensaio, quanto a transição das condições de fluxo ao redor do piezocone e durante a expansão da membrana do dilatômetro. Um equipamento simples e de baixo custo foi desenvolvido para monitorar a poropressão no centro da lâmina do DMT e dados são interpretados à luz das condições de drenagem impostas durante a execução do ensaio. Resultados indicam que as leituras e os valores de P0 e P1 são medidas de tensão total e por este motivo influenciadas pela magnitude da poropressão gerada durante a penetração da lâmina. Um novo Fator de Velocidade adimensional “Vt” é proposto para identificar possíveis efeitos de consolidação que ocorrem durante a penetração do piezocone e orientações são dadas para utilização de CPTU e DMT em solos de permeabilidade dentro do intervalo de 10-6 a 10-3 cm/s. / The mining industry of the country constantly suffers from environmental problems due to the quality and volume of waste generated during the mineral extraction process. Volumes generated require large areas for storage and consequently complex works of tailings. The geotechnical engineering seeks to understand the mechanical behavior of deposits of this waste by using assays well as laboratory and field. To this end tools and procedures laid down in the technical means following established rules and procedures consecrated worldwide. In the understanding of the mechanical behavior of clay soils, the analyzes are developed in terms of total stresses and for sandy soils in terms of effective stress. However, in soils with intermediate particle size, there is no consensus concerning the interpretation of the mechanical behavior from field trials. This paper presents the results of DMT and CPTU test conducted at different penetration rates in the range of about 1 to 57 mm / s in mining waste deposit to evaluate both the effect of speed on the measurements of the test, as the transition the flow conditions around the piezocone and during the expansion of the dilatometer membrane. A simple and inexpensive equipment has been developed to monitor the pore pressure in the center of the DMT blade and data are interpreted in the light of the imposed drainage conditions during the test. Results indicate that the readings that the P0 and P1 are total stress measurements and for this reason influenced by the magnitude of pore pressure generated during penetration of DMT blade. A new dimensionless Velocity Factor "Vt" is proposed to identify potential consolidation effects occurring during the penetration of piezocone and guidance is provided for use CPTU and DMT in soil permeability in the range 10-6 to 10-3 cm/s.

A indústria mineradora do país sofre constantemente com problemas ambientais devido à qualidade e volume de rejeitos gerados durante o processo de extração do minério. Os volumes gerados demandam grandes áreas para armazenagem e consequentemente obras complexas de contenção dos rejeitos. A engenharia geotécnica busca entender o comportamento mecânico de depósitos destes rejeitos através do uso de ensaios tanto de campo como de laboratório. Para isso utiliza ferramentas e procedimentos consagrados no meio técnico seguindo normas e procedimentos estabelecidos e consagrados mundialmente. No entendimento do comportamento mecânico dos solos argilosos, as análises são desenvolvidas em termos de tensões totais, já para os solos arenosos em termos de tensões efetivas. Todavia, para solos com granulometria intermediária, não se tem um consenso no que se refere à interpretação do comportamento mecânicos a partir de ensaios de campo Este trabalho apresenta resultados de ensaios de DMT e CPTU conduzidos em diferentes velocidades de penetração no intervalo de aproximadamente 1 e 57 mm/s, em depósito de rejeito de mineração, para avaliar tanto a influência da velocidade sobre as medidas do ensaio, quanto a transição das condições de fluxo ao redor do piezocone e durante a expansão da membrana do dilatômetro. Um equipamento simples e de baixo custo foi desenvolvido para monitorar a poropressão no centro da lâmina do DMT e dados são interpretados à luz das condições de drenagem impostas durante a execução do ensaio. Resultados indicam que as leituras e os valores de P0 e P1 são medidas de tensão total e por este motivo influenciadas pela magnitude da poropressão gerada durante a penetração da lâmina. Um novo Fator de Velocidade adimensional “Vt” é proposto para identificar possíveis efeitos de consolidação que ocorrem durante a penetração do piezocone e orientações são dadas para utilização de CPTU e DMT em solos de permeabilidade dentro do intervalo de 10-6 a 10-3 cm/s. / The mining industry of the country constantly suffers from environmental problems due to the quality and volume of waste generated during the mineral extraction process. Volumes generated require large areas for storage and consequently complex works of tailings. The geotechnical engineering seeks to understand the mechanical behavior of deposits of this waste by using assays well as laboratory and field. To this end tools and procedures laid down in the technical means following established rules and procedures consecrated worldwide. In the understanding of the mechanical behavior of clay soils, the analyzes are developed in terms of total stresses and for sandy soils in terms of effective stress. However, in soils with intermediate particle size, there is no consensus concerning the interpretation of the mechanical behavior from field trials. This paper presents the results of DMT and CPTU test conducted at different penetration rates in the range of about 1 to 57 mm / s in mining waste deposit to evaluate both the effect of speed on the measurements of the test, as the transition the flow conditions around the piezocone and during the expansion of the dilatometer membrane. A simple and inexpensive equipment has been developed to monitor the pore pressure in the center of the DMT blade and data are interpreted in the light of the imposed drainage conditions during the test. Results indicate that the readings that the P0 and P1 are total stress measurements and for this reason influenced by the magnitude of pore pressure generated during penetration of DMT blade. A new dimensionless Velocity Factor "Vt" is proposed to identify potential consolidation effects occurring during the penetration of piezocone and guidance is provided for use CPTU and DMT in soil permeability in the range 10-6 to 10-3 cm/s.

The aim of the thesis is localization and interpretation of paths of concentration runoff in digital terrain model. Digital terrain model(DTM) is processed for the catchment of the Jenín stream, where The Faculty of Agriculture has held the research since the year 2004. For creation of DTM following software programs were used for comparison: Erdas and ArcGIS. Digitalized maps of contour lines for this catchment were the backgrounds for creation of the DTM. Localization of paths of concentration runoff and natural thalwegs was made on created DTM. Then was the comparison of models and the real topography of the catchment realized. Possible reasons of differences were discussed in discussion. Different (in colours and resolution) variations of DTM with localized paths of concentration runoff are the result, with the view of better legibility and more truly representation of real topography of the landscape.

No description available.

Ändamålet med föreliggande rapport har varit att undersöka åtta personliga skildringar för att ta reda på hur deras livsåskådning ser ut efter att ha brukat psykedeliska substanser, samt undersöka huruvida något möte med Gud eller någon annan ”högre makt”, förekom under rusningstiden. För att besvara ändamålet har rapporten brutits ner till två frågeställningar, där den första hanterar vad som händer med livsåskådningen och det andra gudsmötet. För att besvara frågeställningarna har en kvalitativ innehållsanalys med förbestämda kodscheman och analysenheter använts som metod. Undersökningen teoretiseras och stärks dessutom med hjälp av den tidigare forskning som har gjorts på området från John Hopkins universitet, men även med hjälp av teoretiska begrepp som b.la. mysticism, livsåskådning och shamanism. Denna undersökningens resultat stämmer väl överens med tidigare forskning och visar att psykedeliska substanser tenderar att påverka eller förändra en människas livsåskådning till att börja uppskatta andlighet mer än det materiella och att de flesta upplevde någon form av ”högre makt”.

We consider single-source single-sink (ss-ss) multi-hop relay networks, with slow-fading links and single-antenna half-duplex relay nodes. While two-hop cooperative relay networks have been studied in great detail in terms of the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT), few results are available for more general networks. In this paper, we identify two families of networks that are multi-hop generalizations of the two-hop network: K-Parallel-Path (KPP) networks and layered networks. KPP networks can be viewed as the union of K node-disjoint parallel relaying paths, each of length greater than one. KPP networks are then generalized to KPP(I) networks, which permit interference between paths and to KPP(D) networks, which possess a direct link from source to sink. We characterize the DMT of these families of networks completely for K > 3. Layered networks are networks comprising of layers of relays with edges existing only between adjacent layers, with more than one relay in each layer. We prove that a linear DMT between the maximum diversity dmax and the maximum multiplexing gain of 1 is achievable for single-antenna fully-connected layered networks. This is shown to be equal to the optimal DMT if the number of relaying layers is less than 4. For multiple-antenna KPP and layered networks, we provide an achievable DMT, which is significantly better than known lower bounds for half duplex networks. For arbitrary multi-terminal wireless networks with multiple source-sink pairs, the maximum achievable diversity is shown to be equal to the min-cut between the corresponding source and the sink, irrespective of whether the network has half-duplex or full-duplex relays. For arbitrary ss-ss single-antenna directed acyclic networks with full-duplex relays, we prove that a linear tradeoff between maximum diversity and maximum multiplexing gain is achievable. Along the way, we derive the optimal DMT of a generalized parallel channel and derive lower bounds for the DMT of triangular channel matrices, which are useful in DMT computation of various protocols. All protocols in this paper are explicit and use only amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying. We also construct codes with short block-lengths based on cyclic division algebras that achieve the optimal DMT for all the proposed schemes. Two key implications of the results in the paper are that the half-duplex constraint does not entail any rate loss for a large class of cooperative networks and that simple AF protocols are often sufficient to attain the optimal DMT.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-12-29T17:50:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineAmabileViolBarbosa_TESE.pdf: 6434010 bytes, checksum: e3a07408423ecca8798dc99b1a3c1f71 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-02T20:15:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineAmabileViolBarbosa_TESE.pdf: 6434010 bytes, checksum: e3a07408423ecca8798dc99b1a3c1f71 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-02T20:15:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlineAmabileViolBarbosa_TESE.pdf: 6434010 bytes, checksum: e3a07408423ecca8798dc99b1a3c1f71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-18 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O recente desenvolvimento do poder de processamento computacional vem trazendo para dentro do escopo da f?sica e outras ci?ncia exatas desafios at? ent?o considerados exclusivos de ci?ncias qualitativas. M?todos e conceitos da F?sica t?m contribu?do para avan?os em diversas ?reas, dentre elas neuroci?ncia. Vimos na presente tese de doutorado estudar o comportamento do c?rebro humano em estado alterado de consci?ncia, a partir de mapas funcionais gerados por resson?ncia magn?tica funcional (fMRI, {\it functional Magnetic Ressonance}) usando ferramentas da f?sica estat?stica e da teoria de redes complexas. Analisamos dados de fMRI do c?rebro de sujeitos em estado de repouso em duas condi??es distintas: em estado natural e em estado alterado de consci?ncia pela ingest?o de uma infus?o psicoativa, proveniente da cultura ind?gena amaz?nica, chamada Ayahuasca. Em linhas gerais fomos guiados por duas perguntas. O Ayahuasca causa diferen?as nas redes funcionais do c?rebro? Como quantificar essas diferen?as? Inicialmente constru?mos redes complexas usando os dados de fMRI para mapear informa??es das redes funcionais do c?rebro de cada sujeito em ambas condi??es. A seguir analisamos as propriedades estat?sticas e topol?gicas dessas redes. Comparando as redes geradas a partir dos dados adquiridos antes e depois da ingest?o do Ayahuasca, detectamos duas mudan?as importantes nas propriedades estat?sticas e topol?gicas. Encontramos primeiramente um aumento na entropia de Shannon da distribui??o de grau. Encontramos tamb?m uma segunda mudan?a importante: Uma varia??o na topologia que interfere nas efici?ncias das redes referentes ao estado alterado. Parte das mudan?as nas efici?ncias de rede v?o al?m do que pode ser explicado exclusivamente pelo aumento de entropia. Interpretamos e discutimos esses dois resultados no contexto de neuroci?ncia. Comentamos tamb?m sobre a como a quantifica??o de informa??es das redes funcionais pode ser melhorar nossa compreens?o do funcionamento do c?rebro humano e, consequentemente, contribuir para o desenvolvimento de novas metodologias em diagn?stico e tratamento de dist?rbios psiqui?tricos ainda pouco compreendidos. / An important problem in nonlinear dynamics and statistical physics relates to the quantitative description of the behavior of complex systems. The human brain is one such system. Methods and concepts used in physics have contributed to the development of diverse fields, including neuroscience. In this thesis, we investigate the behavior of the human brain in altered states of consciousness. We study the functional maps of the brain generated by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), using the tools of statistical physics and the theory of complex networks. We analyze resting state fMRI data of the brains of 9 human subjects under two distinct conditions: under normal waking state and in an altered state of consciousness, induced by ingestion of the psychoactive infusion known as Ayahuasca, of Amazonian indigenous origin. Our study was broadly motivated by two questions: Does Ayahuasca affect the functional brain networks? How can we quantify these effects? We initially constructed complex network models of the brain using the fMRI data, before and after ingestion of Ayahuasca. We next analyzed the statistical and topological properties of these networks. Comparing the networks generated from the data before and after Ayahuasca ingestion, we find some significant changes which we highlight: an increase in the Shannon entropy, a increase in the mean geodesic distance and changes in network efficiencies. The increase in mean distance indicates a global expansion of the brain networks. This suggests a decrease in global integration of brain regions. Moreover, the increase in the entropy of the degree distribution suggests an increase in the range of possibilities of functional patterns. The change in the network efficiencies goes beyond what can be accounted for by the changes in degree distribution. We discuss and present potential interpretations of our results in the context of neuroscience.