The aim of this paper is to explain the policy process of regional social service development strategies in the area of services for drug users. The process is explained on examination of two cases of very diverse regional strategies representing good and bad practice. Social construction of target populations is used as a theoretical framework and the research aims to verify and develop its theoretical assumptions. Subjective perceptions of key actors are deconstructed through public document analysis and in- depth interviews. Service providers are perceived as a trustworthy and competent policy actor and as such they play an important role in the development of medium-term strategy. The prevailing positive construction of drug users by providers and the strong position of service providers contribute to broad distribution of services for drug users in both examined regions. The main difference between the cases is explained by different perception of drug users by the public, different continuity of planning processes, and variance in the dynamic relationship between public opinion and key public policy makers.

The study aims to uncover social workers understandings of substance use (SU) among people with intellectual disabilities (ID) and ways in which social work with this group should be carried out.  Previous research has asserted that people with ID use drugs to a lesser extent, and therefore experience less drug related issues in general compared to the general popuation. However, people with ID experience more severe consequences from SU than others. Evidence for specific methods for working with this group is scarce.  The theoretical framework for this thesis is first based in the social model of disability. This enables the use of Goffmans symbolic interactionism with an emphesis on his theories of social roles. The last piece to the theoretical framework is cooperation theory which assists in analysing the themes of issues in cooperation that professionals express.  The thesis is carried out through semi-structured interviews with 6 interviewees, chosen through a combination of strategic- and snowball selection methods. The results are analysed thematically. Three main themes emerge from the empirical data: social factors, matters of cooperation between professionals and their organizations and communication styles between professionals and people with ID.  The main findings of the thesis is first: that Swedish research on the topic is practically non-exictent. Second: that effective methods are developed by professionals such as writing and drawing to enhance communication and that this knowledge is not transferred and expanded upon. Third: that professionals view SU among people with ID as caused by a need for social inclusion which they get from SU. / Undersökningen syftar till att ådagalägga socialarbetares förståelse av drogbruk bland personer med intellektuellt funktionshinder (IF) och hur socialt arbete med denna målgrupp bör utföras.  Tidigare forskning har visat att personer med IF använder droger i lägre grad, och därför erfar mindre drogrelaterade problem än befolkningen i övrigt. Personer med IF erfar dock allvarligare konsekvenser av sitt drogbruk än andra. Forskningsunderlaget för behandlingsmetoder är tunnsått.  Uppsatsens teoretiska utgångspunkter börjar i det sociala funktionshinderbegreppet som möjliggör användandet av Goffmans symboliska interaktionism med fokus på hans teori om sociala roller och masker. Slutligen används samverkansteori för att analysera samverkansrelaterade problem som framkommer i socialarbetares utsagor.  Undersökningen utförs som semistrukturerade intervjuer med 6 intervjupersoner som valts i kombinerad strategisk urvalsprocess och snöbollsurval. Empirin analyseras sedan tematiskt.  Tre huvudsakliga teman framkommer i empirin: sociala faktorer, samverkan mellan organisationer och professionella och kommunikation mellan professionella och personer med IF. Uppsatsen kommer fram till tre slutsatser. 1: Att svesnk forskning på ämnet saknas. 2: Att effektiva metoder för att arbeta med målgruppen så som att ritprata utvecklas i verksamheter men att denna kunskap inte förs vidare i organisationer över tid eller mellan organisationer och att denna kunskap behöver tas till vara och vidareutvecklas till arbetsmetoder. 3: Att socialarbetare ser drogbruk bland personer med IF som en konsekevens av ett behov av social tillhörighet.

The thesis deals with the specific characteristics of drop-in addictology services in a small town. In the introduction, the author describes the drop-in addictology services existing and their activities. The thesis provides a brief insight into the basic principles of such services and their application in the Czech Republic. The core of the thesis consists of the research carried out among the employees of the civic association o. s. Prevent who work in drop-in addictology services in small towns. Within such research, the method of semi-structured narrative interview was applied. The objective of such research was to identify the specifics of their work in small towns as perceived by the employees proper. The intention was to compare the work carried out in small towns to the work as conducted in larger ones. The results identified are meant to point out the issues and challenges of working in small towns, to illustrate the setup of services in these locations, and to outline other possibilities for the future through the employees' eyes. The author's conclusions may support the employees in similar services to gain better orientation in the situation that they experience. The thesis may also constitute the basis for the founders of drop-in addictology facilities to change the setup of their...

The thesis is devoted to the issue of addiction services with a focus on substitution treatment. Theoretical part focuses on presenting of susbstitution treatment, its history and description of the substitution substances and their effects on the human body. Describes the abuse of substitution treatment by problem drug users and tries to map out the various addiction treatment services with a focus on substitution treatment in Prague. The research section defines the attitude of society towards the establishment and functioning of Prague substitution centers. The thesis concludes with an overview of addiction services and substitution programs in the capital city of Prague. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Drug trade is a part of non-observed economy in the system of national accounts. Estimations of drug trade were made from demand side based on estimation of drug consumption. This needs estimations of drug users, which was possible to estimate from drug use prevalence in last year. Several surveys done in society were the data source. Other information from the surveys was information about frequency of drug use. Several research studies gave information about consumed drug quantity by one opportunity. Police and customs have a common database about drug seizures. The database is source for information about import and export of drugs, drug purities by production or import and by consumption or export. Police reports drug prices also. The physical indicators of the drug trade are recalculated by wholesale and retail prices into financial indicators, which are possible to record into system of national accounts.

The thesis deals with the issue of care of drug addicts in the in the Czech Republic, particularly the Harm Reduction. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the above-mentioned working procedures with clients, the legislative framework of the services and the current situation on the drug scene in the Czech Republic. The practical part uses a qualitative form of research. The information was collected by means of structured interviews with open questions. The respondents were eleven workers of contact centres in the Central Bohemian region which has five such facilities. I cooperated with four of them for the purposes of the thesis. The objective of the thesis was to demonstrate that the Harm Reduction services are important and beneficial from the viewpoint of workers of contact centres and to find out whether the contact workers have any suggestions about how to improve the Harm Reduction services in the Czech Republic.

The thesis deals with RF spectroscopic methods, which are applicable for the detection of hazardous substances such as explosives or drugs. Particular attention is focused on promising method of nuclear quadrupole resonance. Abroad this method has recently been applied in the detection of energetic materials in hazardous locations. The cornerstone of the nuclear quadrupole resonance is to evaluate the interaction between electromagnetic radiation, in the range of medium to very short waves, and the researched substance. Observed parameter are the resonant frequencies of the substance. Spectral analysis of signal is used for their evaluation. Resonant frequencies are always typical for the crystalline structure, therefore every explosive or drug is clearly identifiable by this method.

Ever since the fall of the Soviet Union, illicit drugs have begun flowing into the former Soviet states for local sale and consumption, as well as for further transit to Western European states. Though the former Soviet states claim to be dedicated to the global fight against drugs, their alleged connections to the criminal underworld and weak and underdeveloped state institutions raise doubts over the sincerity and capacity of their effort. In this diploma thesis the impact of illicit drugs and the depth of the state-crime nexus in the Former Soviet Union region is analyzed, also covering crime-terror nexus, crucial in understanding the crime-terror relationship for mutual profit. The study's results have shown that various FSU states have shown varying degrees of connection to the criminal world, posing an international security risk due to the criminal underworld's involvement with clandestine drug trade in connection with terrorist groups.

The diploma thesis deals with the social stigma of injecting users of illegal addictive substances, specifically it deals with the social stigmas that may occur in connection with the use of addictive substances. Social stigma can result in barriers to the use of social services by injecting drug users. The diploma thesis deals with the obstacles that injecting users of illegal addictive substances encounter when using social services. The work tries to identify, map, and describe these obstacles. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the topic of the social environment, addictive substances, addiction, methods of working with users of addictive substances and obstacles associated with the use of social services and other services. The main chapters deal with theoretical topics related to the topic and title of the diploma thesis. The subchapters then elaborate the main topics in more detail. The empirical part of the work was realized through a qualitative survey, specifically through semi-structured interviews. The research sample was a set of contact center clients in the Ústí Region. The main goal of this work is to identify and describe the obstacles that injecting users of illegal addictive substances encounter when using social services. The other sub-objectives were as follows: to...

Adequacy of penal sanction: Comparison of punishing traffic criminal offences and decumbent traffic administrative offences committed under influence of addictive substances in Czech and Slovak republic. Master's Thesis Michal Mikuš Summary. This thesis makes survey on a punishing adequacy of traffic offences committed under influence of alcohol and the other addictive substances. The theoretical basis, that knowledge is necessary prerequisite for reviewing punishing adequacy, like theories of punishment, purpose of punishment and a principle of adequacy, are in the theoretical part of the thesis. In the special part of the thesis is comparison of valid and effective law in the Czech and Slovak Republic. The practical part of the thesis is composed of an analysis of decisions delivered by the County Traffic Inspectorate Banská Bystrica, County Traffic Inspectorate Bratislava I., Banská Bystrica County Court, Bratislava I. County Court, City Hall of Zlín, City Hall of Prague, Zlín County Court and the Prague 2 Circuit Court. The analysis is composed not only of punishment adequacy review, but also of the all substantive and procedural deficiencies, that occurred in the decisions of particular state's body. At the end is provided comparison of analysis outcomes, which stemmed from decisions of national...