Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:18:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 juliana_brito_giovanetti_pontes.pdf: 2048824 bytes, checksum: 5c9dc70a941dca47740b74a40f967655 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-11 / Universidade Católica de Pernambuco / The constitutionality control aims to maintain the unity of the legal system and the structures that constitute the state. When the balance of the legal system is altered, is through the use of constitutional control that are sourced means of correcting for this imbalance to harmonize the infraconstitucional law or normative act and the Constitution. From the 1988 Constitution, the arguição de descumprimento de preceito fundamental marked an advance in the Brazilian control of constitutionality. Institute unique in the world, is able to prevent acts of threat or breach of fundamental precept deriving from the Government. Is a means of concentrated constitutionality control, being exclusive and original jurisdiction of the Brazilian Supreme Court. By being inserted in the context of the judicialization of politics and judicial activism, in the judgment of the ações diretas de inconstitucionalidade, as compared to other forms of concentrated constitutionality control, is possible to check a small quantitative of pleas effectively judged and may result in losses to the achievement of the fundamental precepts. It is observed that as a result of the low level of decision-making processes in ADPFs, they have not always been recognized as a suitable means to resolve breaches the constitutional commandments, which causes the emptying of its importance in the concentrated constitutionality control. Due to this situation, this work seeks to analyze the existence of judicial self-restraint and what the factors have contributed to the practice of this phenomenon by the Brazilian Supreme Court in place of invoking a arguição de descumprimento de preceito fundamental. Therefore, through quantitative and qualitative analysis, we sought to understand the positive and negative selectivity in the judgment of pleas of breach made by the Supreme Court based on the analysis of the actions that have not been judged on the merits and the merits of those who had examined. It also was analyzed the behavior of Justices of the Supreme Court with regard to the requirement of subsidiarity and respect the Law 9.882/99, which regulates the ADPFs. The research included a literature review of doctrinal and jurisprudential references concerning the main concepts and theories that integrate this dissertation, also constituting a search for exploratory and descriptive, then monitoring the procedure of all ADPFs through electronic website of the Brazilian Supreme Court, proposals including the pleas in the period from December 1999 to July 2013, through the development of worksheet to the accompaniment of variables related of the complaints of breach and investigation of research hypotheses. / O controle de constitucionalidade visa manter a unidade da ordem jurídica e as estruturas que constituem o Estado. Quando o equilíbrio do sistema jurídico sofre alterações, é através do uso do controle constitucional que são originados meios de correção para esse desequilíbrio ao compatibilizar-se a lei ou o ato normativo infraconstitucional e a Constituição. A partir da Carta Constitucional de 1988, a arguição de descumprimento de preceito fundamental caracterizou um avanço no controle de constitucionalidade brasileiro. Instituto único no mundo, é capaz de impedir atos de ameaça ou violação a preceito fundamental, decorrentes do Poder Público. Constitui meio de controle de constitucionalidade concentrado, sendo de competência originária e exclusiva do Supremo Tribunal Federal. Por estarem inseridas no contexto da judicialização da política e do ativismo judicial, presentes no julgamento das ações diretas de inconstitucionalidade, quando comparadas às demais formas de controle constitucional concentrado, é possível verificar um reduzido quantitativo das arguições efetivamente julgadas, podendo resultar em prejuízos à concretização dos preceitos fundamentais. Observa-se que, em decorrência do baixo índice de processos decisórios nas ADPFs, as mesmas nem sempre têm sido reconhecidas como meio apto para solucionar descumprimentos aos mandamentos constitucionais, o que provoca o esvaziamento de sua importância no controle de constitucionalidade concentrado. Devido à referida situação, no presente trabalho procura-se analisar a existência de autocontenção judicial e quais fatores têm contribuído para a prática desse fenômeno pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal em sede de arguição de descumprimento de preceito fundamental. Para tanto, através da análise quantitativa e qualitativa, buscou-se compreender a seletividade negativa e positiva no julgamento das arguições de descumprimento realizada pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, a partir da análise das ações que não sofreram julgamento do mérito e daquelas que tiveram o mérito analisado. Também foi analisado o comportamento dos Ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal com relação ao requisito da subsidiariedade e o respeito à Lei 9.882/99, que regulamenta as arguições de descumprimento. A pesquisa compreendeu revisão de literatura das referências doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais relativas aos principais conceitos e teorias que integram esta dissertação, constituindo também uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório e descritivo, seguida do acompanhamento processual da totalidade das ADPFs, através do sítio eletrônico do Supremo Tribunal Federal, incluindo as arguições propostas no período de dezembro de 1999 a julho de 2013, por meio da elaboração de planilha para o acompanhamento de varáveis relacionadas às arguições de descumprimento e investigação das hipóteses da pesquisa.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:25:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pre_textual.pdf: 193980 bytes, checksum: 07d2f435ff154911b08693b65886e5aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-20 / This dissertation analyzes the nominal expression used in the textual and discursive construction of the point of view in argumentative context, specifically in initial petition and plea (answer) genres in consensual marriage legal action. Although they are genres known as argumentative, they hold in its structure narrative sequences from which we can observe different voices that it establishes when we argue narrating in a conflict situation or discursive clash in juridical domain. Thus a hypothesis entertained here is that these genres are different when a person arguments narrating from the literary and journalistic domain, for example, from a dialogic approach of the text/discourse and based on the assumption that all discourse has several voices and consequently points of view, we understand that nominal expressions are extremely important (they play an important role) to the argumentation in these genres. In other words, we understand that this resort contributes to the establishment of enunciative positions and to the subjectivity expression in a clash dialogal-argumentative context. Seen in these terms, it is important to analyze the relation among enunciators in a discourse, like: how the lawyers as a locutor/enunciator, as the main enunciator, manages the points of view in a discourse and contributes to putting a perspective of the objects of discourse (facts and characters). So, it is important to investigate how this narratorial instance mobilizes the nominal expressions to assume a point of view responsible for the argumentative orientation of a text. In these different voices ( a game of voices ), the locator/enunciator coenunciates with his client, and the other person (the opponent) is a subenunciator. The corpus of this research will be an initial petition and plea (answer) in consensual marriage legal action - both documents are from 2012 and they belong to the 4ª Vara da Família e Registro Civil da Comarca da Capital, Estado de Pernambuco. The results found in this research confirmed Rabatel s theory: in argumentative contexto, the prevalente point of view is the affirmed point of view. / Esta dissertação analisa as expressões nominais utilizadas na construção textual-discursiva do ponto de vista em contexto argumentativo, especificamente, nos gêneros petição inicial e contestação em ações de união estável. Apesar de serem gêneros argumentativos, comportam, em sua estrutura, sequências narrativas a partir das quais podemos averiguar o jogo de vozes estabelecido, ao se argumentar narrando em situação de conflito ou de embate discursivo no domínio jurídico. Daí a nossa hipótese de que tais gêneros se diferenciam quanto à forma de argumentar narrando em relação a gêneros dos domínios literário e jornalístico, por exemplo. Com base na abordagem dialógica do texto/discurso e no pressuposto de que todo discurso é povoado de diversas vozes consequentemente, de pontos de vista , entendemos que as expressões nominais desempenham expressivo papel para a argumentação nos referidos gêneros. Em outras palavras, esse recurso contribui para o estabelecimento de posições enunciativas e para a expressão da subjetividade em contexto argumentativo-dialogal de embate. Assim, importa analisar a relação entre os enunciadores no discurso, a saber: como o locutor/enunciador advogado (enunciador principal) gerencia os pontos de vista no discurso e perspectiva os objetos de discurso (fatos e personagens). Isso implica investigar como tal instância narradora mobiliza as expressões nominais para assumir um ponto de vista responsável pela orientação argumentativa do texto. No jogo de vozes, o locutor/enunciador coenuncia com seu cliente, enquanto o outro (adversário) é um subenunciador. Quanto ao corpus da pesquisa, constitui-se de uma petição inicial e da respectiva contestação em ações de união estável documentos do ano de 2012 e pertencentes à 4ª Vara da Família e Registro Civil da Comarca da Capital, Estado de Pernambuco. Os resultados encontrados confirmaram a teoria de Rabatel: em texto argumentativo, o ponto de vista predominante é o afirmado.

Das herkömmliche völkerrechtliche Institut des diplomatischen Schutzes ist im Verhältnis zwischen Staaten (als originären Völkerrechtssubjekten) entstanden. Aber auch intergouvernmentale Organisationen sind in der Lage, Maßnahmen mit unmittelbarer Rechtswirkung gegenüber Einzelpersonen zu treffen, so daß auch hier die Frage aufzuwerfen ist, wann und mit welchen Mitteln der jeweilige Heimatstaat die (Grund-)Rechte seiner Staatsangehörigen gegenüber einer solchen Organisation geltend machen kann.

Tématem této práce je kampaň za záchranu lázní Kyselka, kterou vedla "Asociace sdružení pro ochranu a rozvoj kulturního dědictví" a studentská iniciativa "Opravte Kyselku!". Hlavním cílem této práce je prozkoumat tuto kampaň a zjistit, jak se aktivisté občansky angažovali, že se jim podařilo přimět vlastníky k rekonstrukci zchátralých lázní. Práce popisuje a vysvětluje průběh kampaně, ukazuje na jednotlivé strategie aktivistů, snaží se najít nejúspěšnější události a důvody, které stály za úspěchem těchto událostí. Práce je koncipována jako případová studie a k nalezení odpovědí byly použity různé metody: studium různých dokumentů, rozhovory s jednotlivými aktivisty, analýza diskuzí v médiích aj. V závěrečné části jsou zodpovězeny výzkumné otázky a navrženy další možnosti výzkumu.

To gather together is a natural human activity shared by all people. The majority of these activities take place without the involvement of the government, and is of no interest to the law. In South Africa, the right to assemble peacefully, to demonstrate, to picket or to present petitions, is protected in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. When people gather, be it peaceful or violent, participants run the risk of being arrested for committing offences. The way the government of the day reacts to gatherings influence the policing, prosecution and adjudication of offences arising from the right to gather. Current legislation and common-law offences utilised to curb disorder in South Africa are measured against international and regional case law and guidelines. Most of these case law and guidelines linked to international and regional instruments are similar in many respects, and can be deemed as universally acceptable. It is proposed that the government revisits the mixture of current offences utilised by the prosecution during dissent, public violence or protest action, and that specific public order offences are created, providing for specific unlawful conduct with corroborating sentences. Police powers must furthermore be clearly defined to strengthen the hand of the police to secure law and order, serve as guarantee for the rights and freedoms of everyone, and to create legal certainty. The government must organise applicable public order offences in a single public order act. Legislation applicable to public order must be accessible and easily understandable since protest may be the only avenue for a member of the public to bring his or her plight under the attention of the government. Existing guidelines from applicable international and regional instruments which guide and monitor executive conduct must be included since these guidelines qualify as public order offences. / Criminal and Procedural Law / LL. D. (Criminal and Procedural Law)

The diploma thesis examines new phenomena of electronic democracy which is becoming more popular with the internet expansion. The thesis summarizes existing research in the field of electronic democracy from a view of forms that could be or are taken. The aim of this summarization is to show that new transformational changes affecting our society do not automatically implicate a shift towards direct democracy. Using theoretical summarization a state of the art of electronic democracy in the Czech Republic is described. Importance is given to an analysis of contemporary evolving tools and initiatives which were developed from two directions - top-down and a bottom up. A part of this analysis is an assessment of important factors that are stimulating a development of electronic participation - freedom of information right, internet penetration and computer literacy.

D’une manière générale, la fonction administrative contentieuse peut être appréhendée comme l’ensemble des juridictions chargées de connaître des litiges résultant de l’activité des autorités administratives. Elle represente l’activité juridictionnelle en matière administrative. Par conséquent, la fonction administrative contentieuse doit s’appréhender tant sous l’angle d’une juridiction, que sous celle de son juge. L’institution d’une fonction administrative contentieuse en Côte d’Ivoire remonte à l’époque coloniale. Cependant, à l’instar de la plupart des ex-colonies françaises, ce n’est qu’au lendemain de l’indépendance en 1960, que la fonction administrative contentieuse ivoirienne s’est affirmée en tant que fonction juridictionnelle autonome à l’égard du système français. La procédure administrative non contentieuse, comme la procédure administrative contentieuse dont il est question dans l’étude ont connu de grands progrès tant en France que dans les pays francophones d’Afrique pour lesquels le système de juridiction administrative comme le droit qu’il vise à contrôler ont longtemps constitué, selon la belle formule de Jean RIVERO, un bon « produit d’exportation » français. La Côte d’ivoire n’échappe pas à ce constat. Aussi l’étude de la fonction administrative contentieuse en Côte d’Ivoire a pour objet de dessiner la physionomie générale de la justice administrative ivoirienne un demi siècle après son institution afin d’en souligner les éléments de permanence ou de changement. / Generally speaking, the contentious administrative function can be arrested as all the jurisdictions asked to know disputes resulting from the activity of the authorities. She represente the jurisdictional activity in administrative subject. Consequently, the contentious administrative functio has to dread as long under the angle of a jurisdiction, that under that of his judge. The institution of a contentious administrative function (office) in Ivory Coast goes back up to the colonial time. However, following the example of most of the French ex-colonies, it is that after the independence in 1960, that the Ivory Coast contentious administrative function asserted itself as autonomous jurisdictional office towards the French system. The not contentious administrative procedure, as the contentious administrative procedure question of which it is in the study knew big progress both in France and in the French-speaking countries of Africa for which the system of jurisdiction administrative as the right at which it aims at checking constituted for a long time, according to the Jean RIVERO's beautiful formula, a voucher " produced by export " French. Ivory Coast does not escape this report. So, the study of the contentious administrative office in Ivory Coast has for object to draw the general face of the Ivory Coast administrative justice half a century after her institution to underline the elements of durability or change.