The work aims to map the curriculum of nutrition and its anchoring in educational programs and through a questionnaire survey to find out whether the content of the curriculum is sufficiently developed for primary school teachers, i.e. whether it is effective in their practice. The theoretical part summarizes the information concerning the nutrition of children of younger school age, focusing mainly on the principles of proper nutrition, building healthy eating habits, which significantly contribute to their future health and may have a preventive character from development of diseases. One of the many possible ways of prevention is teaching nutrition in primary schools with the help of appropriate teaching methods, activities, and the use of nutritional lecture programs, which this work mentions. The practical part contains a questionnaire survey, in which it examines the relationship of teachers to the teaching of nutrition, focusing mainly on their views on the anchoring of the curriculum in educational programs. The resulting data are recorded in tables and graphs, which are accompanied by a commentary. Based on the results of the questionnaire survey, verified website was recommended, from which teachers can draw methodological material. These materials were the inspiration for the creation of...

This master's thesis deals with problematics of healthy food, healthy lifestyle and sports activities of pupils et early school age. The aim of this work is to observe and evaluate eating habits of pupils of the target group. We research to what extent the children consume and know about the healthy lifestyle in connection with sports activities. We used the questionnaire survey as the main method. Then, we analyse sports results of these pupils on the basis of particular disciplines of UNIFITTEST. Key words: Sports activities, nutrition, eating habits, healthy lifestyle, child of early school age

Obesity is a serious metabolic disease that often occurs in childhood. Up to 55 % of obese children continue to be obese until adolescence and then 80 % of these obese adolescents remain obese in adulthood. This diploma thesis follows the results of the first round of the study Childhood Obesity Prevalence and Treatment (COPAT). Analyzes the data found in 2009-2010 in relation with the results from 2018. The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of overweight, obesity, metabolic syndrome, hidden (normal-weight) obesity and to examine the factors potentially contributing to the development of excessive body weight in the participants in the second round of COPAT study. After eight years, 12 % of the original sample, ie 246 probands (150 women and 96 men), were repeatedly examined within the diploma thesis. The examinations took place at the Institute of Endocrinology in Prague and consisted of fasting blood, clinical examination (blood pressure and pulse measurement; determination of body composition by bioimpedance analysis) and anthropometric examination. All participants also completed an on-line questionnaire consisting of three parts (personalized questionnaire; Eating inventory questionnaire; Baecke questionnaire of habitual physical activity). The obtained data were processed using...

The main health interventions for health promotion and disease prevention that should be performed in women in the Peruvian health system are described. A review of normative technical documents and the recommendations of the main organizations for worldwide prevention was carried out. The prevention activities included physical activity, healthy eating, tobacco counseling, immunizations; In addition, the main screening for women, such as depression, violence, cardiovascular risk, cervical cytology, mammography, colon cancer, are detailed; and within the spectrum of quaternary prevention, interventions that have not shown evidence of benefit to women are detailed. The health interventions that are offered from the Peruvian health system for women, being merely focused on reproductive aspects, lose the conception of integrality that should prevail for the maintenance of health. In that sense, it is proposed to develop strategies that not only have evidence, but also know how to respond to the needs of women in the Peruvian context. / Revisión por pares

The original intentions for social media were communication and entertainment. However, social media keep evolving and since the birth of the first internet-accessible social platforms, we saw a significant shift. Currently, social media are used for many more purposes, such as an easy way to earn money, which is often used by both companies and individuals. Considering the fact that internet is minimally regulated in this aspect, the tempting vision of earning money or gaining more followers may often lead to disinformation in social media posts. It is not unusual to come across lifestyle and diet advice which may be unsuitable for every user, or even be dangerous to their health. Even then, these information are sometimes celebrated and shared further amongst users. This Masters Thesis focuses on how social media affect their users regarding forming and shaping their diet from the point of view of the users. Using both quantitative and qualitative research methods, the researcher is trying to find how social media consumers approach information learnt on these platforms, including their willingness to verify their validity.

Text in English / Due to the fact that many adolescents do not follow a balanced diet, an investigation into the eating habits of adolescents was undertaken. Much research has been done on eating disorders but little research has been done on the concomitants and possible precursors to unhealthy eating habits among adolescents. A literature study was done to clarify which factors cause unhealthy eating habits. The developmental aspects of adolescence and the reciprocal effect on eating habits was also investigated. A valid and reliable measuring instrument was developed in order to measure eating habits of adolescents. This instrument was used in an empirical investigation including 340 respondents with the aim of determining the most important factors, which relate to the eating behaviour of adolescents. Educational implications of the findings are discussed in order to provide curriculum developers, teachers, parents, counsellors and the media with guidelines to help children to adopt healthy eating habits. / M.Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)

[pt] A suscetibilidade ao estresse é ditada por fatores externos e internos. Fatores externos estão associados a variáveis ambientais, enquanto os internos estão relacionados à função cerebral, cognição, constituição genética e epigenética e ao microbioma. Nesta tese, investigamos a influência das respostas individuais de enfrentamento ao medo sobre os efeitos do estresse crônico e sua modulação por uma dieta rica em calorias. Nesse intento, foram usadas as linhagens de cruzamento bidirecional Carioca como modelos de respostas opostas ao medo contextual condicionado. Inicialmente, caracterizamos essas linhagens quanto às suas respostas de congelamento após a aprendizagem e a extinção de medo. Em seguida, descrevemos em uma meta-análise o envolvimento da via serotoninérgica, importante mecanismo nos transtornos de ansiedade e medo, nos efeitos do estresse crônico. Finalmente, demonstramos que o estresse crônico tem efeitos mais fortes em ratos Cariocas de alto congelamento (CHF), alterando o equilíbrio entre as respostas de enfrentamento ativas e passivas em vários paradigmas comportamentais; por outro lado, os ratos Carioca de baixo congelamento (CLF) são minimamente afetados. Além disso, uma dieta suplementada com alimentos ricos em açúcar e gordura pode proteger os ratos CHF contra os efeitos do estresse crônico. Assim, demonstramos os efeitos adversos do estresse crônico em um modelo de transtorno de ansiedade generalizada e propomos que a suscetibilidade ao estresse está ligada à características individuais e inatas de medo e de transtorno de ansiedade, podendo ser alvo de novas terapias para transtornos de humor. / [en] Susceptibility to stress is dictated by external and internal factors. External factors are associated with environmental variables, whereas the internals are related to brain function, cognition, genetic and epigenetic constitution and the microbiome. In this thesis, we investigated the influence of the individual background underlying fear-coping responses on the effects of chronic stress and its modulation by a palatable diet. We used the Carioca bidirectional breeding lines as models of opposing conditioned contextual fear responses. At first, we characterize these lines concerning their freezing responses after fear learning and extinction. Then, we describe in a meta-analysis the involvement of the serotoninergic pathway, an important mechanism in anxiety and fear disorders, in the effects of chronic stress. Following, we demonstrate that chronic stress has stronger effects in the Carioca high-conditioned freezing (CHF) rats, altering the balance between active and passive coping responses in several behavioral paradigms; conversely, the Carioca low-conditioned freezing (CLF) rats are barely affected. Moreover, a diet supplemented with high-sugar and high-fat food can protect the CHF against the effects of chronic stress. Thus, we demonstrate the increased harmful effects of chronic stress in a model of generalized anxiety disorder and propose that susceptibility to stress is linked to fear and anxiety individual innate characteristics, which can be the target of novel therapies of mood disorders.

No description available.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka tränarnas upplevelser i idrottsföreningar gällande ätstörningar bland föreningens aktiva barn och ungdomar. Metod: En kvalitativ studie med en induktiv ansats genomfördes med hjälp av fem individuella intervjuer för att besvara studiens syfte och forskningsfrågor. Materialet analyserades genom tematisk analys och kategoriserades i tre teman: Kunskap om kostvanor, Föreningens styrdokument och Föreningens stöd och resurser.  Resultat: Resultaten visade att majoriteten av tränarna inom idrottsföreningar har erfarenhet av deltagare med ätstörningar. Den övervägande delen av tränarna saknar kunskap om ätstörningar, och alla intervjuade tränare var omedvetna om föreningens policyer och riktlinjer.  Slutsats: Baserad på denna studies resultat bör ätstörningar bland barn och ungdomar prioriteras eftersom kunskap och riktlinjer för att motverka ätstörningar inom idrottsföreningar är i princip obefintliga.

Text in English / The purpose this study was to explore food habits and nutritional behaviours of adolescents in a school in Lenasia South, in Gauteng Province. Qualitative, explorative research was conducted in order to recommend effective prevention strategies of non-communicable diseases. Adolescents from the selected secondary school formed the sample of the study. Data collection was done using focus groups’ discussions. Three focus group discussions were conducted in the study. The first group comprised of thirteen male adolescents, followed by ten female adolescents and the final group was a combination of both female and male learners to produce a homogenous group. Specific common eating habits and nutritional behaviours emerged from the focus group discussions which included skipping meals, high consumption of high energy dense foods and sweetened beverages. Consequently, when developing intervention programs and policies to improve health of adolescents, environmental influences that undermine efforts to improve adolescent’s dietary behaviours must be addressed. / Health Studies / MPH (Health Studies)