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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

In Vitro cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of selected South African medicinal plants used in the treatment of periodontitis

Maja, Matshidiso Patricia 21 May 2013 (has links)
The use of medicinal plants in the treatment of infectious diseases is an acceptable and popular phenomenon in South Africa and worldwide. The potential of extracts from these plants as antimicrobial agents necessitates their scientific evaluation. Therefore, this study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of Carpobrotus edulis; Cotyledon orbiculata; Datura stramonium; Dodonaea angustifolia; and Zanthoxylum capense against Porphyromonas gingivalis; Tannerella forsythensis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitan. Given that most currently used drugs are cytotoxic, the possible cytotoxic effect of these medicinal plants on human periodontal ligaments fibroblasts and human gingival fibroblasts was also determined. The modified broth micro dilution method incorporating resazurin as an indicator of cell growth in 96-well microtitre plates was used to determine the antibacterial activity of the test plants extracts. The extracts showed some significant antibacterialactivity against Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythensis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. The activity varied with respect to individual test bacteria. Their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged from 10 to 0.01mg.mr-l. All bacteria tested were inhibited by the highest concentration of the selected plant extracts ( 1 Omg.ml-1). The MTT [3-( 4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] method was used to determine the cytotoxic effect of test extracts. All extracts tested with the exception of Carpobrotus edulis, inhibited the growth of both human periodontal ligament fibroblasts and human gingival fibroblasts at the tested dilutions, with the cytotoxicity levels being directly related to the concentration of the extracts. The extract of Carpobrotus edulis, inhibited the tested cells at 10-1 for human periodontal ligaments fibroblasts and ≥ 2: 10-2 for human gingival fibroblasts. All other tested concentrations of Carpobrotus edulis extracts enhanced the growth of both human periodontal ligaments and human gingival fibroblasts. The study provided a scientific evidence of the important role that medicinal plants play as antibacterial agents in the treatment of oral infections. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Community Dentistry / unrestricted
92

The importance of adult movement and aggregation for Mytilus spp. population dynamics in the St. Lawrence Estuary /

Petrović, Filip. January 2006 (has links)
No description available.
93

Field observations of filter feeding in Mytilus edulis populations in Petpeswick Inlet, Nova Scotia.

Knips, Franziska Kathrin January 1973 (has links)
No description available.
94

An Ecological Study of Mtilus Edulis in Winton Bay Lake, Baffin Island

Zimmerman, Silvaine I. C. January 1986 (has links)
Note:
95

Identidade, inclusão social e ambiental: a utilização da polpa da juçara (Euterpe edulis) em Taiaçupeba − Mogi das Cruzes − SP / Identity, social and enviromental inclusion: the using of the pulp of juçara palm in Taiaçupeba − Mogi das Cruzes − SP

Coati, Ana Paula 26 April 2013 (has links)
A maior parte das espécies ameaçadas de extinção no Brasil se encontra na Mata Atlântica, sendo que menos de 5% em média, da cobertura original que ainda resta deste bioma, se apresenta na forma de remanescentes pequenos e fragmentos florestais. A região do Distrito de Taiaçupeba - SP, pertencente a Mogi das Cruzes, é uma região que além do turismo, possui muitos sítios de produção de hortas e pesqueiros, sendo uma área de Mata Atlântica com certo grau de conservação que conta ainda com a presença da palmeira juçara (Euterpe edulis). Em situações parecidas encontram-se outras comunidades ligadas a projetos que trabalham com os frutos desta palmeira e por meio da Rede Juçara, desenvolvem processos de construção da sua própria identidade e legalização do produto. Desta forma, o trabalho se desenvolveu junto aos agricultores familiares do Distrito de Taiaçupeba envolvidos no processo de coleta e despolpa do fruto da palmeira juçara como alternativa de renda ao corte do palmito, tendo por objetivos: mapear junto aos agricultores familiares as influências econômicas, sociais e ambientais que permitam analisar o incremento identitário, possibilitado pelo Projeto Juçara local. Os resultados do estudo indicam contribuições para a produção de conhecimentos sobre o incremento da identidade local em processos educadores ambientalistas. A educação ambiental é assim entendida pela busca do sentido comunitário, por meio da exposição de seus sonhos e da procura coletiva e compartilhada no grupo e no processo de despolpa e manutenção da palmeira juçara em pé, atrelado à melhoria das condições existenciais e à conexão que fazem com as suas histórias de vida. / Most part of the endangered species in Brazil are found in Atlantic Forest, and that less than an average of 5% of its original coverage that still exists of this biome, are in form of small reminiscent areas and forest fragments. The area of Taiaçupeba district in São Paulo (belonging to Mogi das Cruzes), is a region where there are not only tourism but also vegetable growing sites and fishing sites so that is and area of Atlantic Forest with a certain degree of conservation where juçara palm (Euterpe edulis) is still present. In similar situations there are other communities connected to projects that work with the fruit of this palm tree and through Rede Juçara, they develop processes of construction of its own identity and the legalization of the product. So a work was developed with the farmers familiar to Taiaçupeba district envolved in the process of collection and pulping of the fruit from juçara palm tree as an income alternative to the cut of the palm itself, aiming: mapping with the farmers familiar to the economic, social and environmental influences that allow the analysis of the identity increasing, enabled by the local Projeto Juçara. The results of the study indicate contributions to the production of knowledge about the local identity increasing in processes of environmental education. The environmental education is well understood through the search of the community sense, through the exposition of its dreams and the collective and shared search in the group and in the process of pulping and maintenance of juçara palm tree standing, tied to the improving of the existence conditions to the connection that they make with their life history.
96

Avaliação in vitro e in vivo do potencial fotoprotetor e fotoquimioprotetor da fração purificada de Inga edulis (Ingá) / Evaluation in vitro and in vivo of the photoprotective potential and photochemoprotector of the fraction purified from Inga edulis (Inga)

Karini Carvalho Costa 26 May 2015 (has links)
A exposição à radiação ultravioleta (UV) pode provocar um desequilíbrio no balanço oxidante/antioxidante da pele, prejudicando sua integridade e causando diversas alterações moleculares que conduzem ao fotoenvelhecimento e ao câncer de pele. Considerando a estreita relação entre o estresse oxidativo e os efeitos danosos causados por esta radiação na pele, aliado ao fato de que estudos demonstram que o uso de protetores solares não é completamente efetivo na prevenção destes danos, a fotoquimioproteção, que consiste no uso de substâncias naturais com diversas propriedades biológicas em formulações tópicas, aparece como uma importante alternativa nas terapias de fotoproteção. A administração tópica de substancias naturais com propriedades antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórias poderia prevenir ou reverter as alterações moleculares desencadeadas pela radiação UV, bem como os danos clínicos resultantes das mesmas. Diante disto, a fração purificada de Inga edulis foi avaliada in vitro quanto ao seu potencial antioxidante e fotoprotetor, e ainda, incorporada a uma formulação tópica para a liberação cutânea de seus compostos, foi avaliada in vivo quanto ao seu potencial fotoquimioprotetor. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram uma elevada capacidade antioxidante e um efeito fotoprotetor da fração purificada in vitro e a hidrossolubilidade de seus compostos antioxidantes. A formulação permitiu a penetração dos compostos da fração purificada na pele dos animais, proporcionando um aumento da atividade antioxidante e anti-inflamatória da pele, diminuindo a atividade da enzima mieloperoxidase e os níveis da citocina TNF-? (fator de necrose tumoral alfa) e da quimiocina derivada de queratinócitos, KC/CXCL1, após radiação UVB, porém não impediu a depleção da glutationa redutase, o aumento da atividade da metaloproteinase 9, e o aumento dos níveis da interleucina-1?. A formulação adicionada da fração purificada não foi capaz de absorver a radiação UVB. / Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause imbalance in the oxidant balance/antioxidant skin, causing damage to its integrity and leading to several changes, conducting to premature aging and skin cancer. Considering the close relationship between oxidative stress and the damaging effects caused by this radiation in the skin, coupled with the fact that studies show that the use of sunscreens is not completely effective in preventing such damage, photochemoprotector, that is the use of natural substances with diverse biological properties in topical formulations, appears as an important alternative therapy in photoprotection. Topical administration of natural substances with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties could prevent or reverse molecular changes triggered by UV radiation, as well as the clinical resulting therefrom. Thus, purified fraction of Inga edulis was evaluated in vitro for the antioxidant potential and photoprotector, and also incorporated into a topical formulation for skin release of its compounds, was evaluated in vivo for their photochemoprotector potential. The results showed a high antioxidant capacity and photoprotective effect of fraction purified in vitro and water solubility of their antioxidant compounds. The formulation allowed penetration the compound purified fraction on the skin of animals, resulting in an increase the antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory skin by decreasing the activity the myeloperoxidase enzyme and levels of cytokine TNF-? (tumor necrosis factor alpha) and chemokine-derived keratinocytes, KC / CXCL1, after UVB radiation, but not prevented depletion of glutathione reductase, increased activity of metalloproteinase 9, and increased levels the interleukin-1?. Formulation added to the purified fraction was not able to absorb UVB radiation.
97

Estudo Farmacognóstico Comparativo de Espécies Brasileiras do Gênero Passiflora L. / Comparative research pharmacognostic of Brazilian species of Passiflora

Paulo Chanel Deodato de Freitas 26 September 1985 (has links)
Não consta resumo na publicação. / The objective of the present dissertation is to contribute for the enlargment and engrossment of the available data on the drug known as maracujá as well as on its extracts. Comprised topics include comparative morphodiagnostic studies and illustrations for P.alata Dryand., P. quadrangularis L., P. edulis Sims. and P. incarnata L.. The differentiation and characterization of the above mentioned species in terms of chemical composition was accomplished by thin layer chromatographic techniques. Chromatographical profiles were established for flavonoid and alkaloid fractions on the four species in relation to reference standards orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, and isovitexin (for flavonoids), and harman and harmin (for alkaloids). P. alata Dryand. earned a more detailed study. The quantifications of flavonoid and alkaloid fractions were performed densitometricaly by TLC and expressed as orientin and harman, respectively. Pharmacological assays carried out with extracts included acute toxicity and CNS depressor activity.
98

Avaliação in vitro e in vivo do potencial fotoprotetor e fotoquimioprotetor da fração purificada de Inga edulis (Ingá) / Evaluation in vitro and in vivo of the photoprotective potential and photochemoprotector of the fraction purified from Inga edulis (Inga)

Costa, Karini Carvalho 26 May 2015 (has links)
A exposição à radiação ultravioleta (UV) pode provocar um desequilíbrio no balanço oxidante/antioxidante da pele, prejudicando sua integridade e causando diversas alterações moleculares que conduzem ao fotoenvelhecimento e ao câncer de pele. Considerando a estreita relação entre o estresse oxidativo e os efeitos danosos causados por esta radiação na pele, aliado ao fato de que estudos demonstram que o uso de protetores solares não é completamente efetivo na prevenção destes danos, a fotoquimioproteção, que consiste no uso de substâncias naturais com diversas propriedades biológicas em formulações tópicas, aparece como uma importante alternativa nas terapias de fotoproteção. A administração tópica de substancias naturais com propriedades antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórias poderia prevenir ou reverter as alterações moleculares desencadeadas pela radiação UV, bem como os danos clínicos resultantes das mesmas. Diante disto, a fração purificada de Inga edulis foi avaliada in vitro quanto ao seu potencial antioxidante e fotoprotetor, e ainda, incorporada a uma formulação tópica para a liberação cutânea de seus compostos, foi avaliada in vivo quanto ao seu potencial fotoquimioprotetor. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram uma elevada capacidade antioxidante e um efeito fotoprotetor da fração purificada in vitro e a hidrossolubilidade de seus compostos antioxidantes. A formulação permitiu a penetração dos compostos da fração purificada na pele dos animais, proporcionando um aumento da atividade antioxidante e anti-inflamatória da pele, diminuindo a atividade da enzima mieloperoxidase e os níveis da citocina TNF-? (fator de necrose tumoral alfa) e da quimiocina derivada de queratinócitos, KC/CXCL1, após radiação UVB, porém não impediu a depleção da glutationa redutase, o aumento da atividade da metaloproteinase 9, e o aumento dos níveis da interleucina-1?. A formulação adicionada da fração purificada não foi capaz de absorver a radiação UVB. / Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause imbalance in the oxidant balance/antioxidant skin, causing damage to its integrity and leading to several changes, conducting to premature aging and skin cancer. Considering the close relationship between oxidative stress and the damaging effects caused by this radiation in the skin, coupled with the fact that studies show that the use of sunscreens is not completely effective in preventing such damage, photochemoprotector, that is the use of natural substances with diverse biological properties in topical formulations, appears as an important alternative therapy in photoprotection. Topical administration of natural substances with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties could prevent or reverse molecular changes triggered by UV radiation, as well as the clinical resulting therefrom. Thus, purified fraction of Inga edulis was evaluated in vitro for the antioxidant potential and photoprotector, and also incorporated into a topical formulation for skin release of its compounds, was evaluated in vivo for their photochemoprotector potential. The results showed a high antioxidant capacity and photoprotective effect of fraction purified in vitro and water solubility of their antioxidant compounds. The formulation allowed penetration the compound purified fraction on the skin of animals, resulting in an increase the antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory skin by decreasing the activity the myeloperoxidase enzyme and levels of cytokine TNF-? (tumor necrosis factor alpha) and chemokine-derived keratinocytes, KC / CXCL1, after UVB radiation, but not prevented depletion of glutathione reductase, increased activity of metalloproteinase 9, and increased levels the interleukin-1?. Formulation added to the purified fraction was not able to absorb UVB radiation.
99

Estudo Farmacognóstico Comparativo de Espécies Brasileiras do Gênero Passiflora L. / Comparative research pharmacognostic of Brazilian species of Passiflora

Freitas, Paulo Chanel Deodato de 26 September 1985 (has links)
Não consta resumo na publicação. / The objective of the present dissertation is to contribute for the enlargment and engrossment of the available data on the drug known as maracujá as well as on its extracts. Comprised topics include comparative morphodiagnostic studies and illustrations for P.alata Dryand., P. quadrangularis L., P. edulis Sims. and P. incarnata L.. The differentiation and characterization of the above mentioned species in terms of chemical composition was accomplished by thin layer chromatographic techniques. Chromatographical profiles were established for flavonoid and alkaloid fractions on the four species in relation to reference standards orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, and isovitexin (for flavonoids), and harman and harmin (for alkaloids). P. alata Dryand. earned a more detailed study. The quantifications of flavonoid and alkaloid fractions were performed densitometricaly by TLC and expressed as orientin and harman, respectively. Pharmacological assays carried out with extracts included acute toxicity and CNS depressor activity.
100

Composição química e propriedades funcionais de cambucá, jabuticaba e uvaia, frutas nativas da Mata Atlântica / Chemical composition and functional properties of cambuca, jabuticaba and uvaia, native fruits of the Atlantic Forest

Silva, Aline Priscilla Gomes da 08 June 2018 (has links)
O território brasileiro possui uma grande diversidade de biomas, que apresentam uma extraordinária variedade de espécies de plantas, incluindo alguns frutos peculiares. Um dos biomas de maior destaque é a Mata Atlântica, que originalmente se estendia desde o Sul até o Nordeste da costa brasileira, mas atualmente apresenta pouca área da vegetação original, sendo reconhecido como um dos biomas mais degradados pela ação antropológica no mundo. Diante disso, objetivou-se avaliar os frutos de cambucá, jabuticaba e uvaia quanto aos parâmetros físicos, químicos e às propriedades funcionais. Foram realizadas análises físicas, químicas, compostos bioativos, como os flavonoides totais, vitamina C, compostos fenólicos, capacidade antioxidante, perfil dos compostos voláteis, composição centesimal e composição mineral. Os frutos de cambucá foram coletados em Campina do Monte Alegre e os frutos de jabuticaba e uvaia em Rio Claro, quando apresentaram-se aptos para o consumo, com coloração característica. Observou-se que os frutos de cambucá apresentam elevados teores de cinzas, proteínas, fibras e açúcares. Já frutos de jabuticaba \'Ponhema\' apresentam maior massa fresca, consequentemente maior rendimento de polpa e frutos mais firmes do que frutos de jabuticaba \'Pêndula\'. Já os frutos de jabuticaba \'Pêndula\' apresentam-se mais doces com menor acidez, resultando em maior ratio do que os frutos de jabuticaba \'Ponhema\'. Ambas as espécies possuem conteúdo relevante de vitamina C, antocianinas monoméricas totais, flavonoides totais, compostos fenólicos totais e elevada capacidade antioxidante, também apresentam elevados teores dos minerais P, K e Ca, lipídios, proteínas e fibras. Os frutos de uvaia, acessos \'Rugosa\' e \'Rugosa Doce\' apresentaram teores elevados de flavonóides totais, compostos fenólicos, vitamina C e boa capacidade antioxidante. As jabuticabas e as uvaias apresentaram terpenos, que podem ser benéficos quando incluídos na alimentação, como matéria-prima na indústria e/ou na área farmacêutica. De maneira geral, os frutos de cambucá, jabuticaba e uvaias apresentam caracteristicas funcionais interessantes. / The Brazilian territory presents a great diversity of biomes, that present an extraordinary variety of species of plants, including some peculiar fruits. One of the most important biomes is the Atlantic Forest, where it originally extended from the South to the Northeast of the Brazilian coast, but currently presents little area of the original vegetation, being recognized as one of the biomes more degraded by the anthropological action in the world. The objective was to evaluate the fruits of cambuca, jabuticaba and uvaia as the physical, chemical parameters and functional properties. Physical, chemical and bioactive compounds analysis, such as total flavonoids, vitamin C, phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, profile of volatile compounds, centesimal composition and mineral composition were performed. The fruits of cambuca were collected in Campina do Monte Alegre and the fruits of jabuticaba and uvaia in Rio Claro, when all were fit for consumption with the characteristic coloration. It was observed that the cambucá fruits present high levels of ashes, proteins, fibers and sugars. Fruits of \'Ponhema\' jabuticaba have a higher fresh mass, consequently higher pulp yield and firmer fruits than \'Péndula\' jabuticaba fruits. On the other hand, the fruits of jabuticaba \'Péndula\' are more sweet with less acidity, resulting in a higher ratio than the fruits of \'Ponhema\' jabuticaba. Both species has relevant content of vitamin C, total monomeric anthocyanins, total flavonoids, total phenolic compounds and high antioxidant capacity, as well as P, K and Ca minerals, lipids, proteins and fibers. The fruits of the \'Rugosa\' and \'Rugosa Doce\' acessions presented high levels of total flavonoids, phenolic compounds, vitamin C and greater antioxidant capacity. Jabuticabas and uvaias showed terpenes, which may be beneficial both when included in the food, as raw material in the industry or/and pharmaceutical area. Overall, the fruits of cambuca, jabuticabas and uvaia presented interesting functional features.

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