This thesis is focused on the design, analysis and realization of new oscillator and generator circuits using electronically adjustable active elements. In the opening discussion the aspects of distribution, proposal, properties and oscillation conditions of generators and oscillators are theoretically described. Next, there are presented some electronically adjustable active elements which appear to be suitable for construction of the oscillators and generators. This covers in particular the Operational Transconductance Amplifier OTA, Voltage Control Amplifier VCA and Digitally Adjustable Current Amplifier DACA. Using these elements the six oscillators and two functional generators are presented. Simulation results and design methods are included. Next part is focused on practical realization and measurement. At the end of the thesis the measurement and simulation results are discussed and compared.

Er: YAG laser is a new method of preparation that promises gentler and more accurate dental treatment. Its specific characteristics is large absorption of the beam in the water and a small absorption in the tissue without the thermal effect. Therefore the treatment is safer and effectiver. The research has the aim in its theoretical - cognitive part to assess its advantages in comparison with treaditional treatment method - drill. As an essential element will be evaluation of caries lesion in vitro and in vivo. The size of the cavity will be judged on, the shape of developing a smear layer and retention surface in relation to the filling and the . The extracted teeth will be scanned in electronic microscope to assess the formation of contact and non-contact preparation, focusing on the shape and size of the prepared lesion in relation to modern filling materials - low viscosity composites. Extensive research supported by the Ministry of Health (IGA : 9991-4 and 13351-4) that focuses on the the use of various therapeutic methods in the treatment of special needs patients. Dental treatment of a special needs patients is expensive and time-consuming than conventional dental treatment. Therefore, clinical application of theoretical cognitive part will create a electronical support system for the...

Detta examensarbete undersöker riskerna med elektronisk identifiering, mer specifikt säkerhetsrisker kring enheten BankID i Sverige. Idag används BankID i stor utsträckning, men elektronisk identifiering kommer också med vissa risker när det gäller identitetsrelaterade brott. I Sverige var brottstypen som ökade mest det senaste året mätt i anmälda brott, bedrägerier som huvudsakligen begåtts genom informationsteknik. Arbetet syftar därför till att undersöka vilka säkerhetsrisker som finns med den elektroniska identifieringen BankID, och hur Polismyndigheten och Ekobrottsmyndigheten bekämpar brott på detta område. Resultatet visar att den största säkerhetsrisken med BankID är användare/kunder som kan luras. Gärningsmän använder olika metoder för att få tillgång till andra personer BankID. Vad gäller hur Polismyndigheten och Ekobrottsmyndigheten bekämpar brott riktade mot elektronisk identifiering är resultatet delvis bristfälligt på grund av att Ekobrottsmyndigheten inte är representerade. Utifrån polisens perspektiv så undersöker de bedrägeri avseende BankID så som de gör med alla andra brott, men brottet har generellt en lägre prioritet inom myndigheten. Polisen samarbetar med olika aktörer samt bidrar båda till att utveckla produktens säkerhet och informera kunderna om säkerhet och risker avseende BankID. / This thesis investigates the threats against electronical identification, more specifically the danger that comes with the device BankID in Sweden. Today BankID is widely used but electronical identification also comes with certain security risks regarding identity related crimes. In Sweden, the crime type which increased the most last year 2018 measured in reported crimes was fraud mainly committed through information technology. This thesis therefore aim to investigate what the safety risks are using electronical identification, such as BankID and how the police force and Swedish Economic Crime Authority combat cybercrimes in this area. The result show that the main security risk with BankID is the customers that can be deceived. Perpetrators use different methods to get access to another individuals BankID. Regarding how the police force and Swedish Economic Crime Authority combat crimes against electronical identification, the result is partly defective due to that the Swedish Economic Crime Authority not being represented in this thesis. However, from the police perspective, they investigate fraud regarding BankID as all other crimes but it has in general a lower priority within the authority. The police cooperate with different actors and help both with development of the product security and inform customers about safety and risks regarding BankID.

Dagens samhälle förlitar sig på och investerar enorma resurser på informationssystem. Inte minst inom hälso- och sjukvården där IT idag inte enbart används som en stödkomponent, utan är en stor del av verksamhetens kärna. Digitala patientjournalsystem återfinns inom alla sjukvårdsverksamheter, där användarna enligt lag måste journalföra information om samtliga patienter. Systemen implementeras i verksamheten till förmån för både patienter och användare som genom användning av IT-stöd effektiviserar och underlättar det dagliga arbetet. Dagens patientjournalsystem inom hälso- och sjukvården är utvecklade samt designade för flertalet decennier sedan och är ur ett användarcentrerat användbarhetsperspektiv mycket bristfälliga, vilket flertalet studier tidigare har påvisat. Syftet med denna studie är att ur ett användarcentrerat användbarhetsperspektiv undersöka uppfattad bristfällighet i det elektroniska journalsystemet AmbuLink, i relation till dess design. Detta för att skapa en generell uppfattning kring graden av användbarhet hos patientjournalsystem inom ambulanssjukvården. Resultatet av undersökningen är tänkt att agera som underlag för fortsatt utveckling och hantering av AmbuLink, samt liknande och nya patientjournalsystem. Uppsatsen presenterar en kvalitativ fallstudie där empirin har samlats in på två sätt; genom intervjuer och en dokumentgranskning. Processen är uppdelad i främst tre olika faser. Under den första fasen samlade forskningsgruppen på sig kunskap genom att läsa tidigare forskning inom ämnet och samla in ett teoretiskt fundament som sedan låg till grund för det ramverk som presenteras i uppsatsen. Ramverket var tänkt att fungera som en referenspunkt för att utvärdera användbarhet inom medicinska informationssystem. Under den andra fasen genomfördes fallstudien på ambulansens huvudkontor i Göteborg, där informanterna fick svara på frågor angående patientjournalsystemet AmbuLink, som de brukar i dagligt arbete. Under den tredje fasen analyserades den insamlade empirin, samt utbildningsmaterial för systemet som tillhandahölls av verksamheten. Resultatet som presenteras i studien bidrar till en ökad förståelse av de användbarhetsbrister som idag återfinns inom standardiserade patientjournalsystem. Det framtagna ramverket går att återanvända vid fortsatta undersökningar och fallstudier inom ämnet, både i Sverige och internationellt. / Today’s society relies on and invests enormous resources on information systems. Not least in healthcare where IT today is not only used as an aid component, but is a major part of the core business. Digital patient record systems are currently seen in all types of healthcare industries, where users are required to log all patient journals according to the law. The systems are implemented in the business for both patients and users who, through the use of IT support, streamline and facilitate daily work in healthcare. Today´s patient journal systems in the healthcare business has been developed and designed decades ago and many of them are today highly deficient from a user-centric usability perspective, as the majority of previous studies have shown. The purpose of this study is to investigate perceived shortcomings in the electronical journal system AmbuLink, in relation to its design, from a user-centered utility perspective. This to create a general perception of the degree of utility of patient record systems in the field of ambulance care. The result of the survey is intended to act as basis for continued development and management of AmbuLink, as well as similar and new patient record systems. This essay presents a qualitative case study where the empiricism has been collected in two ways; through interviews and a documentary review. The process is divided into three main phases. During the first phase, the research group gathered knowledge by reading previous research within the subject and collecting a theoretical foundation that then served as the basis for the framework presented in the paper. The framework intends to serve as a reference point for evaluating usability in electronical medical information systems. During the second phase, a case study was conducted at the ambulance headquarters in Gothenburg, where the informants were able to answer questions regarding the AmbuLink patient record system, which they use in their daily work. During the third phase, the collected empiricism was analyzed, as well as educational material for the system provided by the business. The results presented in the study contribute to an increased understanding of the usability shortcomings found today in standard patient record systems. The framed framework can be reused in further studies and case studies in the subject, both in Sweden and internationally.

Die Arbeit befasst sich mit dem chemischen Verhalten von Oberflächen an Siliciumnanopartikeln. Diese stehen in ihrer Reaktivität, aufgrund des großen Verhältnisses Oberfläche zu Volumen, zwischen einzelnen Atomen und ausgedehnten Kristallen. Durch Umsetzung mit unterschiedlich funktionalisierten Molekülen gelingt es, die Oberfläche der Partikel zu modifizieren. Dabei wurde eine neue Möglichkeit gefunden, Si-C-Bindungen auf Si-Oberflächen zu erzeugen. Die Modifizierung mit Wasserstoff (durch Behandlung mit HF) oder mit Chlor (durch Umsetzung mit Chlorierungsmitteln) schafft neue, synthetisch wertvolle Ausgangssituationen. Darauf aufbauend konnten Alkyl, Alkoxy- und Amingruppen kovalent angeknüpft werden. Die chemische Modifizierung der Nanopartikel führt zu verändertem Photoleitfähigkeits- sowie Photolumineszenzverhalten. Es wurde ein Vorschlag zur Deutung dieser Effekte entwickelt.

Entre 2 et 5% des enfants de 6 mois à 5 ans présentent au moins un épisode de Crise d’Épilepsie en contexte Fébrile (CEF). Bien que généralement bénignes, ces crises sont associées à un risque d’urgences neurologiques graves et curables dont l’élimination requiert la réalisation d’examens complémentaires douloureux et/ou irradiants. Actuellement, ce risque est évalué en fonction de trois facteurs : l’âge de l’enfant, le caractère simple ou complexe de la crise, et l’examen clinique.Cette thèse avait pour objectif de tester l’hypothèse que parmi les enfants consultant pour une CEF, seuls ceux avec un examen clinique anormal présentent un risque d’urgence neurologique grave et urgent. Pour ce faire, nous avons créé un outil informatique permettant une recherche exhaustive de cas parmi un million de dossiers médicaux informatisés dans sept services d’urgences pédiatriques entre 2007 et 2011. Nous avons alors identifié : les visites d’enfants présentant une CEF. Nous avons ensuite évalué le risque d’urgence neurologique grave et curable associé à ces visites, notamment lorsque l’examen clinique au décours était normal. Nous n’avons retrouvé aucune urgence neurologique grave et curable parmi les enfants consultant pour une CEF avec un examen clinique normal au décours, quels que soient l’âge et les caractéristiques de la crise. Ce travail de thèse associé aux données de la littérature confirme notre hypothèse et souligne la nécessité de recommandations quant à la prise en charge de ces enfants. Enfin, cette thèse constitue l’occasion de mener une réflexion méthodologique quant à l’utilisation de dossiers médicaux informatisés pour la recherche clinique. / Febrile seizures (FS) affect 2% to 5% of children aged 6 months to 5 years of age. Although FS are usually benign, they are associated with serious treatable neurological emergencies. Nowadays, three factors are used to evaluate this risk: the age of the child, whether the FS is simple or complex and the features of the clinical exam. The performance of a lumbar puncture and an emergent neuroimaging are required in order to rule out these emergencies. However, a lumbar puncture is painful and neuroimaging is irradiant. The objective of this thesis was to investigate the hypothesis that among children experiencing a FS, only those with an abnormal clinical exam are at risk of serious, treatable neurological emergencies. We first created an informatics tool in order to exhaustively search for cases among more than one million electronic medical records from seven pediatric emergency departments (PED) between 2007 and 2011. Then, we identified visits of children with a FS. Finally, we evaluated the proportion of serious, treatable neurological emergencies associated with these visits, and more specifically with visits of children with a normal clinical exam.We found no serious treatable neurological emergencies among children visiting the ED for a FS with a normal clinical exam, whatever the age and the features of the seizure were. The studies described in this thesis associated with the available data in the literature support our hypothesis and highlight the need of guidelines regarding the management of these children. Finally, this thesis gives us the opportunity to discuss some considerations on the use of electronic medical records for clinical research.

The thesis is focused on analysis of complicated situation in public tenders in ICT field. The content is divided into two main parts. The first part provides an overview of historical development in terms of legal definition of basic laws in public tenders. Historical excursion includes a chapter dealing with the proposed amendment to public tenders act. There are shown the main points that would have a significant impact and would change the process of future commissioning of public tenders. The second part is practically oriented, beginning with computerization of public tenders and dealing further with a practical side of public tenders. There are also defined administrative offenses of commissioners as well as those of suppliers in this part of the thesis. The main focus of the work is an analysis of the most serious cases of public tenders commissioning in ICT field and definition of the biggest faults that occur. There are also provided suggestions as to how to deal with the situation in this part of the thesis.

Οι σύγχρονες κοινωνίες αποτελούν δυναμικά συστήματα μεγάλης πολυπλοκότητας. Η συμπεριφορά των υποκειμένων που ανήκουν σε αυτές είναι αδύνατο να περιγραφεί με απλούς ορθολογιστικούς κανόνες. Προσεγγίζεται πολύπλευρα και από διαφορετικά αφετηριακά σημεία. Αντικείμενο ενδελεχούς μελέτης στη σημερινή εποχή, που χαρακτηρίζεται ως «εποχή της αφθονίας», αποτελεί η συμπεριφορά του υποκειμένου ως υποκειμένου-καταναλωτή. H παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία αποτελεί μια προσπάθεια επέκτασης της μαθηματικής μοντελοποίησης της συμπεριφοράς του καταναλωτή με την προσθήκη της ψυχομετρικής διάστασης του τελευταίου και των εξωτερικών παραμέτρων που διαμορφώνουν τη συμπεριφορά του. Με γνώμονα τη σημερινή εποχή γίνεται ιδιαίτερη αναφορά στην αλληλεπίδραση του καταναλωτή με τη διαφήμιση, και προτείνονται τρόποι προστασίας του στο σύγχρονο ανταγωνιστικό περιβάλλον, ενώ τέλος αναλύεται μια ειδική περίπτωση καταναλωτικής συμπεριφοράς που σχετίζεται με την ηλεκτρονική διακίνηση αγαθών. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, αρχικά διερευνάται η σημασία της μελέτης της συμπεριφοράς του καταναλωτή και παρουσιάζεται ένα πρότυπο συμπεριφοράς. Εν συνεχεία, διατυπώνεται με πληρότητα το μαθηματικό μοντέλο για τη «Θεωρία Καταναλωτή», ώστε να κατανοηθούν πλήρως τα πλαίσια στα οποία κινείται αυτή η εργασία, ενώ παρατίθενται παραδείγματα αυτής της εφαρμογής. Κατόπιν, αναλύεται η θεωρία της συμπεριφοράς του καταναλωτή και ακολουθεί μια μελέτη πάνω στη διαφήμιση και στην αλληλεπίδραση του καταναλωτή με αυτή. Στη συνέχεια τονίζεται η ισχύς του πολίτη-καταναλωτή μέσα από το πρίσμα, τόσο των επιλογών, όσο και των δικαιωμάτων του. Ύστερα, γίνεται αναφορά στην ανάπτυξη του ηλεκτρονικού εμπορίου και στην αλληλεπίδραση του με τον καταναλωτή και τα διαφορετικά οφέλη που μπορεί να αποκομίσει από αυτό. Τέλος, γίνεται μια επισκόπηση των πληροφοριών και των συμπερασμάτων της παρούσας εργασίας. / Modern societies are dynamic systems of big complexity. The behavior of the subjects can not de described by deterministic rule and is approached from different points of view. Nowadays, the attitude of the consumer is the subject of extensive study. The current master thesis is an extension of the mathematical model of Customer’s Attitude by adding the psychometric dimension of the latter and the external stimulis that define his attitude. The subject of customer with publicity is extensively commented and methods of protection of the customer are presented. Finally, a special case study concerning the customer’s attitude as far as the electronical interchange is concerned is given. First of all the importance of studying the Customer’s Attitude is presented and a model of behavior follows. The mathematical model of its attitude is defined in order to understand in detail the background of this study. Examples of this application are given. The theory of customer’s attitude is analyzed and a study in publicity and the interaction with the customer follows. The power of the customer-citizen is analyzed as far as his rights and choices are concerned. Special reference is made at the development of electronic commerce and the interaction with the customer and the different benefits for the customer are commented. Finally, a review of the conclusions of this study is made.

Die Arbeit befasst sich mit dem chemischen Verhalten von Oberflächen an Siliciumnanopartikeln. Diese stehen in ihrer Reaktivität, aufgrund des großen Verhältnisses Oberfläche zu Volumen, zwischen einzelnen Atomen und ausgedehnten Kristallen. Durch Umsetzung mit unterschiedlich funktionalisierten Molekülen gelingt es, die Oberfläche der Partikel zu modifizieren. Dabei wurde eine neue Möglichkeit gefunden, Si-C-Bindungen auf Si-Oberflächen zu erzeugen. Die Modifizierung mit Wasserstoff (durch Behandlung mit HF) oder mit Chlor (durch Umsetzung mit Chlorierungsmitteln) schafft neue, synthetisch wertvolle Ausgangssituationen. Darauf aufbauend konnten Alkyl, Alkoxy- und Amingruppen kovalent angeknüpft werden. Die chemische Modifizierung der Nanopartikel führt zu verändertem Photoleitfähigkeits- sowie Photolumineszenzverhalten. Es wurde ein Vorschlag zur Deutung dieser Effekte entwickelt.

CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE, Faculty of Science Department of Teaching and Didactics of Chemistry Hypermedia educational program Halogen chemistry and its application in the education of gifted pupils in chemistry Mgr. Pavel Teplý Summary of Ph.D. Thesis Prague 2010 This Ph.D. thesis was worked out during a regular doctoral study at the Department of Teaching and Didactics of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague. Proposer: Mgr. Pavel Teplý Studijní program: Vzdělávání v chemii Katedra učitelství a didaktiky chemie Přírodovědecká fakulta Univerzity Karlovy v Praze Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Jan Čipera, CSc. Katedra učitelství a didaktiky chemie Přírodovědecká fakulta Univerzity Karlovy v Praze Supervisor­consultant: Doc. RNDr. Zdeněk Mička, CSc. Katedra anorganické chemie Přírodovědecká fakulta Univerzity Karlovy v Praze Doc. PhDr. Jiří Škoda, Ph.D. Katedra pedagogiky Pedagogická fakulta Univerzity Jana Evangelisty Purkyně v Ústí nad Labem KEY WORDS Hypermedia; education software; interactive and flexible program; XHTML; halogen chemistry; videorecording of chemical experiments; education of gifted pupils; distance education; e-learning. Introduction The education of gifted pupils reflects problems dealt by the current...