I detta kandidatarbete undersöker vi om diegesis har en potentiell påverkan på människors känslor, genom att designa ljudberättelser baserat på abstrakta dikter. Vår utmaning är att med designperspektivet The vision project ta fram exempel på hur ett skifte i diegesis påverkar en lyssnares känslor. Rosa brus, equalizer, spatialisering av ljud och konvolutionsreverb är tekniker som implementeras för att förstärka känslan vid skifte av diegesis. Brainstorming och mindmap, samt prototyping med iterationer är metoderna vi använder oss av vid skapade av gestaltningar. Förutom berättarröst i gestaltningarna så fyller vi ut med trampljud (foley) och ambiens för att förstärka narrativet. Svaren vi får från intervjuade i vår undersökning låter oss komma närmare ett tydligt svar. Vi diskuterar sedan svaren och vad vi kunde ha gjort bättre, samt hur vi kan ta vår design vidare. / In this thesis, we investigate whether diegesis has a potential impact on people's emotions, by designing audio plays based on abstract poems. Our challenge is to design examples from the design perspective The vision project of how a shift in diegesis affects a listener's emotions. Pink noise, equalizer, spatialization of sound, and convolution reverb are techniques that are implemented to enhance the feeling of a shift in diegesis. Brainstorming and mindmap, as well as prototyping with iterations, are the methods we use when creating our audio plays. In addition to narrative voices in the audio plays, we fill in with foley and ambience to reinforce the narrative. The answers we get from those interviewed in our survey allow us to get closer to a clear answer. We then discuss the answers and what we could have done better, as well as how we can continue our design.

Blue light filters have become commonplace in modern technology. While there has been a substantial amount of research into their effects on sleep, there has been little into the effect on the media perceived through them. This study sought to examine whether the mechanisms responsible for the adaptation to ambient light conditions would counteract this effect. To do so, a digital survey was conducted in which participants rated 30 colors on 3 different emotional attributes: warmth, weight, and activity. Participants took the survey with or without a blue light filter active, and with or without external light. The external light was intended to eliminate or reduce the level of adaptation to the screen’s altered colors. After comparison between the groups, it was revealed that no significant subjective difference appeared between either of the test conditions. However, with external light, there was a difference in perceived warmth with and without the blue light filter. This implies that some sort of adaptation is involved, and is interfered with by qualities of ambient light. The prevalence of these usage conditions is left to future research, as is whether the specific extent of the difference caused by blue light filters is significant enough to design around. / Blåljusfilter har blivit vanliga i modern teknik. Även om det har gjorts en betydande mängd forskning om deras effekter på sömn, har det varit lite om effekten på media som uppfattas genom dem. Denna studie försökte undersöka om de mekanismer som är ansvariga för anpassningen till omgivande ljusförhållanden skulle motverka denna effekt. För att göra det genomfördes en digital undersökning där deltagarna betygsatte 30 färger på 3 olika känslomässiga egenskaper: värme, vikt och aktivitet. Deltagarna gjorde undersökningen med eller utan ett aktivt blåljusfilter och med eller utan externt ljus. Det yttre ljuset var avsett att eliminera eller minska nivån av anpassning till skärmens ändrade färger. Efter jämförelse mellan grupperna avslöjades att ingen signifikant subjektiv skillnad förekom mellan någon av testbetingelserna. Men med externt ljus var det skillnad i upplevd värme med och utan blåljusfiltret. Detta innebär att någon form av anpassning är inblandad och störs av egenskaperna hos omgivande ljus. Förekomsten av dessa användningsförhållanden överlämnas till framtida forskning, liksom om den specifika omfattningen av skillnaden som orsakas av blåljusfilter är tillräckligt stor för att kunna designas runt.

Introduction: Knowledge and attributions are frequently cited as variables which may help to understand staff responses to challenging behaviour in people with a learning disability. Previous research has found only partial support for Weiner‟s (1980, 1986) model of helping behaviour within a learning disability context. The study developed a clinical definition of „helping behaviour‟, and examined knowledge of challenging behaviour and the combination of attributions from Weiner‟s (1980, 1986) model in predicting staff helping behaviour. In addition the emotion regulation strategies of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression were investigated in moderating the relationship between attributions and helping behaviour, developing an overarching framework between attributions, staff stress and positive staff approaches to challenging behaviour. Method: One hundred and seven support staff completed self-report measures of knowledge of the term and management of challenging behaviour, causal attributions, emotion regulation style and behavioural response to challenging behaviour. Results: Knowledge and helpful attributions were significantly correlated with helping behaviour, however, when regressed onto helping behaviour, only knowledge significantly contributed to the variance. No significant correlations were found between emotion regulation styles and attributions. No moderating or mediating effect was found for emotion regulation styles on the relationship between attributions and helping behaviour.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:19:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabiana Fleury Curado.pdf: 935686 bytes, checksum: 3b9ed2af882b4e2d66e81f384594a6c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-24 / The present study examined the emotional response of irritation issued by two people referred by psychiatrists. The participants were male and had more than 30 years old, one was diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder. To analyze the variables that are likely controlled or sustain the emotional response of irritation was applied a experimental design of multiple conditions. The experimental design of multiple conditions was performed on three conditions: condition (1) attention, condition (2) alone and condition (3) game. The condition (1) attention was divided on two: (1.1) attention, a signal of disapproval; (1.2) attention, activity questioned. In condition (3) game the participants played a card game in software that controls the gain and loss of points to set up schemes consequences: positive reinforcement and negative punishment. The results of condition (1) attention show that the presentation of aversive stimuli produced reports of irritation and repertoire of emotional response indicatives of irritation in both participants. The results of condition, (3) game indicate that positive emotions was more frequently in the procedures of positive reinforcement and negative emotions in the procedures of punishment. The results presented indicate that emotional irritation was emitted more frequently against presentation of disapproval and inquisitive speeches and situations of loss of points, what contributed to the study of variables that evoke irritation. / O presente trabalho analisou a resposta emocional de irritação emitida por duas pessoas encaminhadas por psiquiatras. Os participantes eram do sexo masculino e com mais de 30 anos, sendo um deles diagnosticado com o Transtorno do Humor Bipolar. Para análise das variáveis que provavelmente controlavam ou mantinham a resposta emocional de irritação aplicou-se um delineamento de múltiplas condições. O delineamento experimental de múltiplas condições foi aplicado em três condições: condição (1) atenção, condição (2) sozinho e (3) jogo. A condição (1) atenção foi manipulada duas subcondições: (1.1) atenção, sinal de reprovação; (1.2) atenção, atividade questionada. Na condição (3) jogo os participantes interagiam com um software que simulava um jogo de cartas e que controlava o ganho e a perda de pontos para configurar dois esquemas de consequências: reforçamento positivo e punição negativa. Os resultados obtidos nas condições de (1) atenção mostram que a apresentação de estímulos aversivos produziu os relatos irritação e repertórios indicativos da resposta emocional de irritação em ambos os participantes. Os resultados da condição (3) jogo indicam que emoções positivas foram emitidas com maior frequência nos procedimentos de reforço positivo e emoções negativas nos procedimentos de punição. Os resultados apresentados indicam que as respostas indicativas da emoção irritação foram emitidas com maior frequência diante da apresentação das falas reprovativas e questionadoras e das situações de perdas de pontuações, o que contribuiu para o estudo das variáveis evocativas de irritação.

This performance text examines complexities of personal and maternal identity in family life. Speaking in first, second, and third person voices, the author offers autoethnographic accounts of the tensions between separateness and connectedness, normative and subjective motherhood, and novice and seasoned perspectives. The piece functions as a text of resistance that pushes against normative expectations about maternal emotion and child-centered maternal dialogue and gives voice to evolutions in mother wit and lifeworlds. (Contains 1 note.)

Animationer i grafiska gränssnitt blir allt vanligare men används ofta godtyckligt och utan kunskap om vad upplevelsen av olika rörelser framkallar för känslor hos användaren. I gränssnitt är det viktigt att animation används sparsamt och med stor försiktighet eftersom det kan ge negativa effekter på användares upplevelse om det används på fel sätt. Det har tidigare forskats kring hur animation i gränssnitt påverkar användbarheten utifrån mätbara faktorer men det råder brist på forskning som kvalitativt undersöker hur animationer ur ett bredare perspektiv påverkar användarupplevelsen samtidigt som upplevd funktionalitet bibehålls. Litteratur inom områdena produktupplevelse, användarupplevelse, användbarhet, visuellt perception och animation har därför studerats. I denna studie undersöks hur olika rörelser kan framkalla emotionell respons hos användare av grafiska gränssnitt. För att ta reda på detta har användares upplevelser undersökts kvalitativt genom tio stycken användartester av funktionella animationer vilka genomförts i samband med kontextuella intervjuer samt kartläggning av respondenters känslor i förhållande till olika rörelser. Resultatet av undersökningen presenteras dels i form av den metod som tagits fram i ett försök att kartlägga emotionell respons på rörelser, men även som resultat av den metod som tyder på att animationer framkallar emotionell respons hos användare av grafiska gränssnitt. Animationer i grafiska gränssnitt kan användas i både funktionellt och estetiskt syfte där den funktionella aspekten av animation kan hjälpa användare i den kognitiva process som innefattar avkodning av vad som sker i ett gränssnitt, exempelvis genom att med animation skapa visuell kontinuitet mellan olika stadier i förändringen av ett objekt. Den estetiska aspekten kan i sin tur användas på ett sådant sätt att den funktionella animationen förmedlar den karaktär, känsla och personlighet som gränssnittet syftar till att framhäva. Denna studie visar på att funktionell animation, genom utformning på deras utvecklingskurvor kan påverka användares emotionella respons i förhållande till rörelse. Funktionell animation kan därmed utformas på ett sätt som gör att upplevelsen av animationens utvecklingskurva överensstämmer med den emotionella respons som webbplatsen syftar till att framkalla. / As animations in user interfaces become increasingly more common, the animations are often used in an arbitrary fashion, without any knowledge of what kind of effect, in terms of feelings and emotions, the movement have on the user. At the same time it’ s important that animations in user interfaces are used carefully and thoughtfully as the motions can have negative effects on the users experience if not used wisely. Previously conducted research have studied how animations in user interfaces affect users perceived ease of use, but there is a lack of qualitative research in the area of how animations affect the user experience at the same time as it’ s used in a functional manner. Literature within the fields of product experience, user experience, usability, visual perception and animation theory has therefore been studied. The research conducted in this study aims to reveal if, and how, different motions can induce emotional response during the use of graphical interfaces. To examine this, the user experience has been studied with a qualitative approach. A usability test consisting of different types of functional animations has been conducted in tandem with contextual inquiries, with an identification and mapping of emotional response in relation to different motions. The result of this study is presented partially in terms of the method constructed in order to plot users perceived emotion in response to motion, but also as the result of the study which shows that different types of animations evoke different feelings in users. Animations can be used in graphical interfaces with both functional and aesthetic purposes, where the functional animation can be used to facilitate the users cognitive process and decoding of an interface, for instance by creating visual continuity between different stages in the change of an object. The aesthetic aspect of the animation in turn can be used to convey character, emotion and personality through the functional animation, thus bringing forth the feelings the interface aims to emphasize. This study shows that functional animation, by customizing its bezier­curves, affects the users emotional response to movement. Thus, functional animation can be constructed to match the emotional response a webpage sets out to convey.

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Yes / Objectives: Making a medical error can have serious implications for clinician wellbeing, affecting the quality and safety of patient care. Despite an advancing literature base, cross-country exploration of this experience is limited and a paucity of studies has examined the coping strategies used by clinicians. A greater understanding of clinicians¿ responses to making an error, the factors that may influence these, and the various coping strategies used are all essential for providing effective clinician support and ensuring optimal outcomes. The objectives were therefore to investigate a) the professional or personal disruption experienced after making an error, b) the emotional response and coping strategies used, c) the relationship between emotions and coping strategy selection, d) influential factors in clinicians¿ responses, and e) perceptions of organisational support. Methods: A cross-sectional, cross-country survey of 265 physicians and nurses was undertaken in two large teaching hospitals in the UK and USA. Results: Professional and personal disruption was reported as a result of making an error. Negative emotions were common, but positive feelings of determination, attentiveness and alertness were also identified. Emotional response and coping strategy selection did not differ due to location or perceived harm, but responses did appear to differ by professional group; nurses in both locations reported stronger negative feelings after an error. Respondents favoured problem-focused coping strategies and associations were identified between coping strategy selection and the presence of particular emotions. Organisational support services, particularly including peers, were recognised as helpful, but fears over confidentiality may prohibit some staff from accessing these. Conclusions: Clinicians in the UK and US experience professional and personal disruption after an error. A number of factors may influence clinician recovery; these factors should be considered in the provision of comprehensive support programmes so as to improve clinician recovery and ensure higher quality, safer patient care. / This research was funded by the Bradford Institute for Health Research as part of a PhD studentship and supported by a travel grant through the Postgraduate Study Visits scheme by the British Psychological Society.

This thesis aims to examine the role that non-instrumental aspects such as aesthetic and emotion play in elderly user interaction with mobile phones. It presents an analysis of the results from in-depth interviews with a selected group of Swedish elderly users, and discusses how the aesthetic experience which they yield in interacting with mobile phones could impact their preference, and their perceived usability of the devices.  A set of mobile phones, different in usability and aesthetic levels were presented to the group of elderly user in order to investigate how they perceive phones attributes, including appearance and general features, and different facets of their user experience, including their motivations of use, the involved emotions, desires, and concerns. The analyses revealed a possible existing correlation between non-instrumental aspects of elderly users’ interaction with mobile phones, and their preference to use those devices. While negative aesthetic experience as a result of social concerns had a strong negative influence on elderly’s perceived usability, and could consequently alter their preference, certain symbolic meanings in interaction such as the tendency to be modern, contributed to perceived ease-of-use & perceived usefulness of the mobile phones. Elderly user’s familiarity or earlier experience with a device or with the technology was found to be a confounding variable. However, in the presence of usability concerns, traditional factors of aesthetic went into the shadow, and therefore had no direct impact on users’ perceived usability of the device. A set of design solutions that would address elderly user’ both instrumental and non-instrumental concern, were proposed.

People are better able to empathize with others when they are given information concerning the context driving that person’s experiences. This suggests that people draw on prior memories when empathizing, but the mechanisms underlying this connection remain largely unexplored. The present study investigates how variations in episodic information shape the emotional response towards a movie character. Episodic information is either absent or provided by a written context preceding empathic film clips. It was shown that sad context information increases empathic concern for a movie character. This was tracked by neural activity in the temporal pole (TP) and anterior hippocampus (aHP). Dynamic causal modeling with Bayesian Model Selection has shown that context changes the effective connectivity from left aHP to the right TP. The same crossed-hemispheric coupling was found during rest, when people are left to their own thoughts. We conclude that (i) that the integration of episodic memory also supports the specific case of integrating context into empathic judgments, (ii) the right TP supports emotion processing by integrating episodic memory into empathic inferences, and (iii) lateral integration is a key process for episodic simulation during rest and during task. We propose that a disruption of the mechanism may underlie empathy deficits in clinical conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder.