An employee wellness programme is a programme that promotes and supports the well-being of its employees and is aimed at increasing productivity. Employee Assistance Programmes (EAPs) are used as a means of ensuring employee wellness. Employee Assistance Programme can be defined as a programme aimed at improving the quality of life of employees and their families by providing support and helping to alleviate the impact of everyday work and personal problems. EAPs are intended to help employees deal with their personal problems that might adversely impact their work performance, health and well-being. The main goal of the EAP is to enhance productivity as well as social functioning of individuals.The main objective of the study as to evaluate the Employee Assistance Programmes and the impact of Workplace Wellness on employee performance in the Eastern Cape Provincial Legislature. This was triggered by the fact that Wellness and EAPs are not visible in the ECPL and the Legislature continues to lose employees due to ill-health and resignations. The institution is characterised by a culture of “us” and “them”, us, referring to Labour and them to Management, and therefore resulting in low staff morale. This raised some concern from the researcher as there is an EAP paid for by the Legislature, but awareness, utilisation and effectiveness of the programme remain a challenge. Due to the nature of the institution’s core business, it is perhaps even more vital for the Legislature to create an organisational culture of caring and employees to be nurtured. It is believed that it is more cost effective and beneficial to both the employer and the employee to retain trained employees, than it is to lose troubled employees and hire new ones, in particular because there is no guarantee that the new ones will not, in time also show signs of problems. The researcher used applied research in this study to explore the need for the EAP as well as how best the programme can be implemented. A combination of an explanatory-descriptive design was used for this study because little is known about the phenomenon or programme. For this research, the researcher used a combination of interval/systematic and random sampling to complement each other in reducing any bias that has the potential of occurring when applying interval/systematic sampling. To get representation and precision, the researcher divided 285 employees according to their ranks. The results from this attempt were: Secretariat=25, Management=42, Administrative staff=196, General Workers=33 NEHAWU Shopstewards=10. The researcher then divided employees in each respective category by one tenth or 10% of each category to get the number of respondents from each category to be included in the sample and added up all categories to get the sample size. The sample of this study was thus, Secretariat=1, Management=4, Administrative staff=20, General workers=3 and NEHAWU Shopstewards=1 and made up a sample size of 29. Only one questionnaire was compiled for all the respondents because EAP recognise that employees start from the CEO of a company to the lowest paid employee in that company and, as such considers all employees to be equal. Research results indicated that there are some limitations in the utilisation of EAP and that employees are faced with both personal and work-related problems. Thus it became clear that the whole concept of Employee Wellness and Employee Assistance Programmes needed to be overhauled and restructured to ensure maximum benefit.

This study examined the practices that are currently being utilized by San Bernardino County for Social Work Practitioners in Child Protective Services (CPS) concerning retention of social workers.

The purpose of the current study was to clarify the importance of social relationships in the retention of social workers in Child Welfare agencies. Data had been gathered by the California Social Work Education Center, University of California Berkeley, in a 2-year state funded study, titled "Retention of California's Child Welfare Workers".

Organisations are confronted with the challenges of managing, controlling and putting in place retention strategies to mitigate against high turnover intention. This is also the case with public libraries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of the turnover intention of public librarians at the City of Johannesburg Libraries (COJLIS) in the Gauteng province of South Africa, with a view to developing a retention strategy. Turnover intention can bring devastation to the organisation and can also lead to negative consequences such as decreased morale and productivity, shortage of skilled and qualified librarians, direct and indirect costs to library organisation and loss of knowledge. This quantitative research study utilised the conceptual framework to investigate demographic, personal and organisational factors influencing turnover intentions of librarians. The conceptual framework for the present study incorporated aspects of a theory or theories, concepts from the literature, personal experiences, knowledge of the context and models The aspects of theory or theories and concepts from the literature on employee turnover “content” and “process” models such as Mobley (1977), Jerome (2017), Nair, Mee & Cheik (2016), Perez (2008), Spector (2005), Spector (1997), Price and Mueller (2000) and Price (2001)were modified to suit this study for public librarians at COJLIS. Mobley’s (1977) turnover process model was germane to this study, as it theorises a linear sequence consisting of the following: “dissatisfaction, thoughts of quitting, evaluation of subjective expected utility of job search and costs of quitting, search intentions, evaluation of alternatives, comparison of alternatives and present job, intentions to quit and quitting”. The constituents of the conceptual framework are demographics factors (age, tenure and job designation level), personal factors (job satisfaction and organisational commitment) and organisational factors (payment and fringe benefits, location of workplace, working environment: flexi working hours, perceived alternative employment opportunity, promotion and recognition, personal interaction, supervision and leadership, training and opportunity to utilise skills) as well as turnover intention. This study employed the census method and adopted the cross-sectional survey design method to collect data from 174 librarians working in 89 public libraries and three support sections at COJLIS. Data collection involved the use of a closed-ended questionnaire, as well as analysis documents such as strategic plans and human resource policies. Quantitative data were analysed using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) according to the objectives of the study. The researcher conducted a linear regression test to find the instance of correlation between personal and organisational variables, and librarians’ intention to leave their workplace. The findings revealed that demographic determinants (age, tenure and job designation level) are significantly related to turnover intention. Tenure was a highly significant predictor of turnover intention. The major findings to this study were a negative and significant relationship between payment and fringe benefits, working environment: flexi working hours (work-life balance) promotion and recognition towards turnover intention. The study concludes that COLIS may be able to reduce turnover intention through the improvement of factors such as payment and fringe benefit, working environment: flexi working hours (work-life balance) promotion and recognition which would lead to increased job satisfaction and organisational commitment. It is recommended that in order to mitigate turnover intention and increase retention, the talent retention policy, strategy and initiatives should be developed which could incorporate the variables (e.g. payment and fringe benefits, promotion and recognition and training to develop and utilise new skills) of the suggested conceptual talent retention model for COJLIS. A further study to validate a newly developed retention model in COJLIS is recommended. / Information Science / M. Inf.

The diploma thesis is focused on employee turnover and retention in a selected company. The theoretical part defines terms that are related to this issue. This part focuses on the causes and consequences of employee turnover, on people resourcing and retention of current employees. This theoretical knowledge is used in the analytical part during analyzing and evaluating the current state of the company. Based on the findings, recommendations that would support effective recruitment and selection process of suitable employees, support retention and reduce employee turnover in the company are provided.

The objectives of this study were to determine whether job embeddedness and organisational commitment significantly predict voluntary turnover, and whether people from different gender, race and age groups differ significantly in their job embeddedness, organisational commitment and voluntary turnover. The Job Embeddedness Scale (JES), Organisational Commitment Scale (OCS) and Voluntary Turnover Scale (VTS) were used as measuring instruments. A stratified random sample of 102 full-time employed higher education academics participated in the study. Multiple regression analyses showed that organisation fit and community links and normative commitment significantly and positively predicted the participants’ intentions to stay at the institution. Significant differences were observed between the job embeddedness and intention to stay of the gender and race groups. The findings of the current study add to the knowledge base on the turnover intentions of academic staff, contributing to the field of career psychology. In conclusion, the study makes recommendations for retention practices and future research. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

Den mänskliga resursen är en organisations viktigaste tillgång då organisationen är beroende av mänsklig aktivitet för att existera. Chefer blir i avseendet viktiga då de kan ses som organisationens företrädare samt då de bidrar till och formar processer och arbetsförhållanden. Det blir därav av vikt att skapa förutsättningar för dem att hantera sin roll och vilja stanna i den. Tidigare forskning visar att organisatoriska förutsättningar påverkar chefsrollen, men inte specifikt hur den organisatoriska kontexten får betydelse för deras intention att stanna i rollen. Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka hur första linjens chefers intention att stanna i rollen kan förstås utifrån den organisatoriska kontexten. Vidare är syftet att skapa förståelse för hur cheferna upplever sina förutsättningar att hantera rollen. För att besvara syftet har en kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med första linjens chefer inom vården i offentlig sektor legat till grund för empiri. Resultatet visar att chefsrollen är komplex med förväntningar från flera håll, vilket tydliggör varför den organisatoriska kontexten är betydelsefull för att förstå chefernas upplevelser och deras intention att stanna i rollen. Ur chefernas berättelser kan uttydas att arbetstillfredsställelse och organisatoriskt engagemang är betydelsefullt, vilket främst härleds till den kliniska verksamheten och medarbetarna. Vidare framgår att organisatoriska förutsättningar som samspel, kommunikation och stöd får betydelse för hur de hanterar krav och förväntningar. Sammantaget bidrar studien till en ökad förståelse för hur en organisation, genom den organisatoriska kontexten, kan verka för att behålla första linjens chefer. / The human resource is an organization's most important asset as the organization depends on human activity to exist. In this reference, managers become important as they can be seen as the organization's representatives as well as they contribute to and shape processes and working conditions. It therefore becomes important to create an environment for them to manage their role and a will to stay in it. Previous research shows that organizational conditions affect the managerial role, but not specifically how the organizational context will have an impact on their intention to stay in the role. The aim of this study is to investigate how the first-line managers' intention to stay in their position can be understood from the organizational context. Furthermore, the aim is to develop an understanding of how the managers experience their ability to handle the role. To answer the aim, a qualitative method in the form of semi-structured interviews with first-line managers in public healthcare sector has been the source for empirical data. The result shows that the managerial role is complex with expectations from several directions, which explains why the organizational context is important for understanding the managers' experiences and their intention to stay in their position. From the managers' stories it can be read that job satisfaction and organizational commitment are important, which is mainly attributed to the clinical activities and the employees. Furthermore, it appears that organizational conditions such as interaction, communication and support will have an impact on how they handle requirements and expectations. In summary, the study contributes to an increased understanding of how an organization, through the organizational context, can work to retain first-line managers.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / In order to help individuals feel more engaged within work organizations and more satisfied with their jobs, employers have started to administer stay interviews within organizations, with the end goal being to retain organizational members. Stay interviews have become a proactive solution to the retention problem and have been seen as an alternative to the exit interview. This study proposes that through the use of stay interviews, organizational members will feel more engaged, satisfied, and committed to an organization, which will ultimately result in the retention of organizational members.

Bakgrund: Arbetsrelaterad stress kan relateras till arbetstagarnas hälsa och bidrar till hög personalomsättning och ökade kostnader. Samtidigt är kunskapsdelning en betydande resurs för organisationers förmåga att ta vara på kunskap, främja medarbetarnas välmående samt behålla sin personal. Det saknas konsensus i tidigare forskning på hur stress och kunskapsdelning samverkar samt hur tjänstemän respektive arbetare modererar detta samband. Denna studie syftar därav till att undersöka sambandet mellan stress och kunskapsdelning på arbetsplatsen samt om sambandet modereras av kategorierna white och blue collar.  Metod: Studiens data insamlades via en digital enkät bestående av 14 items som mäter stress (PSS-14) samt 11 items som mäter kunskapsdelning baserat på instrument utvecklat av Xiao m.fl. (2017), Wang m.fl. (2017) och Wang och Kwek (2018). Totalt var det 138 respondenter som hade svarat på samtliga frågor (inklusive kontrollvariabler). Multipel regressionsanalys med 5000 bootstraps iterationer användes för att studera korrelationen mellan arbetsrelaterad stress och kunskapsdelning. Det utfördes en analys av eventuell modererande effekt av arbetskategori på sambandet mellan stress och kunskapsdelning med hjälp av PROCESS-procedur för SPSS version 4.2 beta.  Resultat: Studiens resultat visar ett signifikant negativt samband mellan arbetsrelaterad stress och kunskapsdelning i arbetslivet på Beta = -.30 även efter kontroll för bakgrundsvariablerna sysselsättningsgrad, allmän hälsa och sömn. Ingen modererande effekt av arbetskategorierna white/blue collar kunde påvisas.  Slutsats: Resultatet ger insikt i sambandet mellan arbetsrelaterad stress och kunskapsdelning. Resultaten indikerar att en minskning av arbetsrelaterad stress kan främja kunskapsdelning och öka organisationernas förmåga att behålla anställda. Därmed kan kostnader för personalomsättning, rekrytering och frånvaro även minskas. / Background: Work-related stress can be linked to employees' health and contributes to high staff turnover and increased costs. At the same time, knowledge sharing is a significant resource for organizations' ability to leverage knowledge, promote employee well-being, and retain their employees. There is no consensus in previous research on how stress and knowledge sharing interact, as well as how white collar and blue-collar workers moderate this relationship. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between stress and knowledge sharing in the workplace, and whether the relationship is moderated by the categories of white and blue-collar workers. Method: The study's data was collected via a digital survey consisting of 14 items measuring stress (PSS-14) and 11 items measuring knowledge sharing based on instruments developed by Xiao et.al. (2017), Wang et.al. (2017) and Wang and Kwek (2018). In total, there were 138 respondents who had answered all questions (including control variables). Multiple regression analysis with 5000 bootstrap iterations was used to study the correlation between work-related stress and knowledge sharing. An analysis of the potential moderating effect of occupational category on the relationship between stress and knowledge sharing was also conducted using the PROCESS procedure for SPSS version 4.2 beta. Results: The study's results show a significant negative correlation between stress and knowledge sharing in the workplace at Beta= -.30 even after controlling for the background variables employment rate, general health, and sleep. No moderating effect of the white/blue collar work categories could be found. Conclusion: The results provide insight into the relationship between work-related stress and knowledge sharing. The results indicate that reducing work-related stress can promote knowledge sharing and increase the organization's ability to retain employees. Thus, costs for staff turnover, recruitment, and absenteeism can also be reduced.

Foreign exchange banking organisations afford individuals great career opportunities, and therefore endeavour to attract high-caliber employees who are self-motivated and create the dynamic, innovative and professional culture characteristic of the organisation. Retaining key talent characterised by skills shortages has become an imperative for sustaining competitive business performance in a fast-changing economic environment. The general aim of this research was to develop a model of employee motivation and job satisfaction for staff retention practices in a foreign exchange banking organisation. The concepts of employee motivation, job satisfaction and employee retention were discussed with regard to their history, conceptual foundation, theoretical approaches, types, variables and consequences. The theoretical model was developed accordingly on the basis of the literature review, and revealed the factors that could influence employee retention. The main purpose of the empirical research was to operationalise the theoretically derived motivation and job satisfaction concepts, statistically determine the underlying variables of motivation and job satisfaction that influence employee retention and develop a structural equation model to verify the theoretical model. A quantitative empirical research paradigm using the survey method was followed. Explanatory and descriptive research was used in this study, with a sample of 341 foreign exchange banking individuals drawn from a financial institution. Three questionnaires and a biographical questionnaire were adapted and administered to employees. The Work Preference Inventory (WPI) measured employee motivation, the Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) measured job satisfaction, and the Employee Retention Questionnaire (ERQ) measured employee retention intention. A structural equation model development strategy produced a new best-fitting retention model based on the new constructs postulated in the factor analysis. The model indicated that job satisfaction explained the highest variance of retention when compared to motivation. The research should contribute towards a comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence employee retention. The new model of employee motivation and job satisfaction for staff retention practices in a South African foreign exchange banking organisation could assist organisations in retaining skilled and talented staff. The study should encourage practitioners to take cognisance of the fact that organisations are different and that the motivation and job satisfaction factors for employee retention need to be considered. / Public Administration and Management / D. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)