The present article talks us about the procedures for selection by request, explaining how it works as an alternative for the common selection procedure on public procurement.Thus, the author explains the process of selection by request with a public entity, privateentity and an international body. / El presente artículo trata sobre los procesos de selección por encargo, explicando así comoopera esta alternativa al proceso de selección clásico en la contratación pública. Así, el autor nos señala el procedimiento en el encargo a una entidad pública, entidad privada y a un organismo internacional.

The aim of diploma thesis is to evaluate selected company as a whole for its inner purpose. This purpose allocate category value, respectively determination of venture?s market value, which is most often defined as estimated amount for shift assets to the date of evaluation among optional and independent partners. Theoretical part of thesis qualify theoretical problem frame of company valuation. In this part of thesis essential key words, factors and value categories are defined. Part of the problem is also strategic and financial analysis and projection of future reports or financial plan. Last part deals with methods of valuation itself ? methods based on revenue analysis, market and assets. For evaluation purpose has been chosen company BRÁZDA-AUDIT, a. s., which deals with experts activities in field of economics.

Hierarchical Bayesian Models and Matrix factorization methods provide an unsupervised way to learn latent components of data from the grouped or sequence data. For example, in document data, latent component corn-responds to topic with each topic as a distribution over a note vocabulary of words. For many applications, there exist sparse relationships between the domain entities and the latent components of the data. Traditional approaches for topic modelling do not take into account these sparsity considerations. Modelling these sparse relationships helps in extracting relevant information leading to improvements in topic accuracy and scalable solution. In our thesis, we explore these sparsity relationships for di errant applications such as text segmentation, topical analysis and entity resolution in dyadic data through the Bayesian and Matrix tri-factorization approaches, propos-in scalable solutions. In our rest work, we address the problem of segmentation of a collection of sequence data such as documents using probabilistic models. Existing state-of-the-art Hierarchical Bayesian Models are connected to the notion of Complete Exchangeability or Markov Exchangeability. Bayesian Nonpareil-metric Models based on the notion of Markov Exchangeability such as HDP-HMM and Sticky HDP-HMM, allow very restricted permutations of latent variables in grouped data (topics in documents), which in turn lead to com-mutational challenges for inference. At the other extreme, models based on Complete Exchangeability such as HDP allow arbitrary permutations within each group or document, and inference is significantly more tractable as a result, but segmentation is not meaningful using such models. To over-come these problems, we explored a new notion of exchangeability called Block Exchangeability that lies between Markov Exchangeability and Com-plate Exchangeability for which segmentation is meaningful, but inference is computationally less expensive than both Markov and Complete Exchange-ability. Parametrically, Block Exchangeability contains sparser number of transition parameters, linear in number of states compared to the quadratic order for Markov Exchangeability that is still less than that for Complete Exchangeability and for which parameters are on the order of the number of documents. For this, we propose a nonparametric Block Exchangeable model (BEM) based on the new notion of Block Exchangeability, which we have shown to be a superclass of Complete Exchangeability and subclass of Markov Exchangeability. We propose a scalable inference algorithm for BEM to infer the topics for words and segment boundaries associated with topics for a document using the collapsed Gibbs Sampling procedure. Empirical results show that BEM outperforms state-of-the-art nonparametric models in terms of scalability and generalization ability and shows nearly the same segmentation quality on News dataset, Product review dataset and on a Synthetic dataset. Interestingly, we can tune the scalability by varying the block size through a parameter in our model for a small trade-o with segmentation quality. In addition to exploring the association between documents and words, we also explore the sparse relationships for dyadic data, where associations between one pair of domain entities such as (documents, words) and as-associations between another pair such as (documents, users) are completely observed. We motivate the analysis of such dyadic data introducing an additional discrete dimension, which we call topics, and explore sparse relation-ships between the domain entities and the topic, such as of user-topic and document-topic respectively. In our second work, for this problem of sparse topical analysis of dyadic data, we propose a formulation using sparse matrix tri-factorization. This formulation requires sparsity constraints, not only on the individual factor matrices, but also on the product of two of the factors. To the best of our knowledge, this problem of sparse matrix tri-factorization has not been stud-ide before. We propose a solution that introduces a surrogate for the product of factors and enforces sparsity on this surrogate as well as on the individual factors through L1-regularization. The resulting optimization problem is e - cogently solvable in an alternating minimization framework over sub-problems involving individual factors using the well-known FISTA algorithm. For the sub-problems that are constrained, we use a projected variant of the FISTA algorithm. We also show that our formulation leads to independent sub-problems towards solving a factor matrix, thereby supporting parallel implementation leading to a scalable solution. We perform experiments over bibliographic and product review data to show that the proposed framework based on sparse tri-factorization formulation results in better generalization ability and factorization accuracy compared to baselines that use sparse bi-factorization. Even though the second work performs sparse topical analysis for dyadic data, ending sparse topical associations for the users, the user references with di errant names could belong to the same entity and those with same names could belong to different entities. The problem of entity resolution is widely studied in the research community, where the goal is to identify real users associated with the user references in the documents. Finally, we focus on the problem of entity resolution in dyadic data, where associations between one pair of domain entities such as documents-words and associations between another pair such as documents-users are ob.-served, an example of which includes bibliographic data. In our nil work, for this problem of entity resolution in bibliographic data, we propose a Bayesian nonparametric `Sparse entity resolution model' (SERM) exploring the sparse relationships between the grouped data involving grouping of the documents, and the topics/author entities in the group. Further, we also exploit the sparseness between an author entity and the associated author aliases. Grouping of the documents is achieved with the stick breaking prior for the Dirichlet processes (DP). To achieve sparseness, we propose a solution that introduces separate Indian Bu et process (IBP) priors over topics and the author entities for the groups and k-NN mechanism for selecting author aliases for the author entities. We propose a scalable inference for SERM by appropriately combining partially collapsed Gibbs sampling scheme in Focussed topic model (FTM), the inference scheme used for parametric IBP prior and the k-NN mechanism. We perform experiments over bibliographic datasets, Cite seer and Rexa, to show that the proposed SERM model imp-proves the accuracy of entity resolution by ending relevant author entities through modelling sparse relationships and is scalable, when compared to the state-of-the-art baseline

Denna rapport beskriver utvecklingen av ett nytt bokningssystem för företaget Moridge AB. Bokningssystemet består av en förardel där förare kan hantera sina bokningar och arbetsschema samt en administrationsdel för hantering av alla förare och statistikvisning avseende kunder och förares bokningar. Rapporten går igenom hela utvecklingens process från systemets krav till designplanering till slutfärdigt resultat och en avslutande diskussion.   Bokningssystemet är en webbapplikation för mobila enheter utvecklad med ASP.NET MVC Razor och jQuery Mobile. Systemet består av ett säkert inloggningssystem med uppkoppling till en databas med hjälp av Entity Framework och bokningshantering via Google Calendar API.   Projektet lade stor vikt vid design för optimal användarupplevelse och säkerhetslösningar. Användargränssnitten togs fram med kontemporära tekniker och användarupplevelsen kontrollerades med användartest. Säkerheten garanteras genom användning av en kraftfull kryptografisk algoritm för lösenordshantering och autentisering via ASP.NET Identity och Forms Authentication som begränsar åtkomst till enbart behöriga användare. / This report describes the development of a new booking system for the company Moridge AB. The booking system is composed of a driver section where drivers can handle their bookings and work schedule as well as an administration section for the management of all drivers and statistics showing customers and drivers bookings. The report goes through the entire development process from system requirements to design planning to the final finished system, and a concluding discussion.   The booking system is a web application for mobile devices developed with ASP.NET MVC Razor and jQuery Mobile. The system consists of a secure login system with a connection to a database using Entity Framework and booking management via Google Calendar API.   The project placed great importance on user experience design (UX) and security. The user interfaces were developed with contemporary technologies and user experience were controlled by user test. Safety is ensured by the use of a powerful cryptographic algorithm for password management and authentication through ASP.NET Identity and Forms Authentication, which limit access to only authorized users.

Denna rapport redogör för implementationen av ett bokningssystem med integrering av Google Calendar API. Uppdraget var främst till för att utvärdera potentialen av ett bokningssystem där Google Calendar användes som scheman för personalen. Projektet skulle även kunna användas som ett grundsystem för att skräddarsy bokningssystem för olika företagsmodeller. Det slutgiltiga systemet blev en hemsida för tidsbokning, ett Web-API för kommunikation med hemsidan, integration av Google Calendar API för att hämta och lägga till tidsbokningar på personalens scheman samt lagring av data i en databas. / This report describes the implementation of a booking system with the integration of Google Calendar API. The objective was primarily to evaluate the potential of a booking system where Google Calendar was used as schedules for staff. The project could also be used as a base system for customizing booking systems for different business models. The final system consisted of a website for making appointments, a Web API for communicating with the website, integration of Google Calendar API to retrieve and add appointments to the schedules of the staff and storing data in a database.

This diploma thesis deals with methods and options of valuation of companies.An integral part of the valuation is also financial analysis, strategical analysis and financial plan for year 2015 - 2019. The aim is to valuate a specific company GMF Aquapark Prague a.s. which is an entrepreneur of water park in Čestlice near Prague. I used to valuation by discounted cash flow method and economic value added method. The company is valuated to date 31. 12. 2014.

Dans ce travail, nous analysons le concept de manipulation à travers une théorie élargie qui inclut le réalisme des entités et la théorie causale de la manipulation. Dans une seconde étape, nous appliquons cette théorie à plusieurs expériences scientifiques. Cette thèse est articulée autour de quatre parties : Dans la Partie I nous exposons le concept de manipulation. Nous examinons le réalisme structurel en mettant l’accent sur ses difficultés concernant particulièrement les incertitudes ontologiques de la physique. Cet examen du réalisme structurel nous permettra de développer un réalisme des entités qui est susceptible de constituer une alternative au réalisme structurel.La partie II est consacrée aux aspects clés du réalisme des entités, c’est-à-dire ses fondements, ses arguments ainsi qu’une définition aussi précise que possible du concept de manipulation.Dans la partie III, nous élaborons une théorie générale de la manipulation/intervention qui est basée sur le réalisme des entités et la théorie de Woodward sur l’intervention, l’invariance et la profondeur de l’explication des évènements causaux. Nous allons développer trois éléments : 1-un système des conditions de l’intervention, 2- une typologie de l’intervention, 3-l’intervention probabiliste. Ce dernier type de l’intervention est applicable à l’expérience EPR. Dans la partie IV- Nous appliquons cette théorie à cinq expériences scientifiques : l’expérience EPR, l’expérience de l’électrodynamique quantique en cavité, l’expérience sur l’effet Zeeman, l’expérience du Tevatron (collisions de protons) et la dernière est non des moindres, est une expérience d’astrophysique (ondes gravitationnelles). Dans chacune de ces expériences, notre théorie a trouvé une application réussie. Toutes les conditions de l’intervention sont applicables sur les cinq expériences et une typologie bien définie de l’intervention a été élaborée et qui met en évidence les résultats de l’intervention dans les différentes séquences de ces expériences.Par conséquent, notre théorie de la manipulation reflète une utilité authentique et réelle dans différent domaines de la physique et de l’astrophysique. Un pareil résultat est important tenant compte du rôle de la manipulation expérimentale pour la science moderne. / In this work, we analyze the concept of manipulation through a comprehensive theory which includes the entity realism and the causal theory of manipulation. At the second stage, we implement this theory to several scientific experiments. It is divided into four parts:In Part I, we will have a long journey until we will reach the true concept of manipulation. We analyze the structural realism and we explore its difficulties regarding ontological problems of physics. Our survey of structural realism enables to open a new way to developing entity realism instead of structural realism.Part II will be dedicated to the core aspect of entity realism such as its foundations, its arguments and our aim to reach a global definition of manipulation concept.In Part III I will achieve my aim which is elaborating a global theory of manipulation/intervention based on entity realism and the Woodward theory of intervention, invariance and depth explanation of causal events. We will develop three items : 1- a system of intervention conditions 2-a typology of intervention, 3-probabilistic intervention. Such type of intervention is applicable to EPR experiment. In Part IV, we implement our theory to five scientific experiments: EPR experiment, electrodynamics cavity experiment, Zeeman effect experiment, Tevatron experiment (collision of protons) and last but not least an astrophysical experiment (gravitational waves).In each case, our theory is successful. All intervention conditions are applicable to our five experiments and a well defined typology of intervention is developed based on intervention results through different stages of those experiments. Therefore, the theory of manipulation shows a real and genuine application in different domains of physics and astrophysics. Such result is important regarding the role of manipulation in modern science.

The subject of the thesis is the market value of the company KRPA PAPER, a.s. as of December 31st, 2014. The aim of the thesis is an aplication of teoretical knowledge in a particular example. The purpose is to determine the net market value of the company. The thesis is divided into chapters which represent the typical phases of the valuation of a company. At the beginning of each chapter there is a brief description of its purpose in a business valuation. In the introduction part the basic aspects of the valuation are described. The financial and strategic analysis, the value drivers, the financial plan and the valuation chapters follow. For the valuation itself the DCF Entity method is used. The discount on the entity level is applied.

The thesis aims to determine the equity value of the company PEBAL s. r. o. as of January 1st 2016. It is not separated into theoretical and practical part, because it is considered as fake appraisal of an expert. That is the reason why the whole thesis is practical with occasional theoretical background explanations. In the first part there is basic information provided about the appraised company along with its characteristics. Then financial analysis is carried out which will provide an overall picture of financial health of the company along with determination of competitors. Followed by strategical analysis which deals with the market as whole and predicts its future development as well as development of sales of the valued company. The next part consists of analysing and predicting value drivers and the overall financial plan. Result of the last part is the valuation itself applying discounted cash flow (DCF) method using discounts rate calculated earlier in the chapter. The final chapter also contains market valuation using method of comparable companies along with Monte Carlo simulation, that provides probability distribution of the value of the company.

The thesis is targeted to a valuation of CEZ Group. The Czech based utility CEZ Group ensures regular production and supply of electricity and other essential products for everyday needs of the population in CEE region. The purpose of presented valuation is to determine whether the shares of these publicly traded company are correctly valued and that there exists any upside or downside potential. The final valuation is primarily determined by using two well-known valuation approaches -- discounted cash flow (based on operating profit analysis) and peer group analysis (based on market analysis). In order to provide a full range of understanding, the thesis consists of eight main parts focused on company profile, strategic analysis, financial analysis, value drivers, financial plan, minorities and final valuation. Further, all these parts are split up into few sections. Conclusion of the thesis includes an investment recommendation.