Previous hydrometric studies demonstrated the prevalence of overland flow as a hydrological pathway in the tropical rain forest catchment of South Creek, northeast Queensland. The purpose of this study was to consider this information in a mixing analysis with the aim of identifying sources of, and of estimating their contribution to, storm flow during two events in February 1993. K and acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) were used as tracers because they provided the best separation of the potential sources, saturation overland flow, soil water from depths of 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 m, and hillslope groundwater in a two-dimensional mixing plot. It was necessary to distinguish between saturation overland flow, generated at the soil surface and following unchanneled pathways, and overland flow in incised pathways. This latter type of overland flow was a mixture of saturation overland flow (event water) with high concentrations of K and a low ANC, soil water (preevent water) with low concentrations of K and a low ANC, and groundwater (preevent water) with low concentrations of K and a high ANC. The same sources explained the streamwater chemistry during the two events with strongly differing rainfall and antecedent moisture conditions. The contribution of saturation overland flow dominated the storm flow during the first, high-intensity, 178-mm event, while the contribution of soil water reached 50% during peak flow of the second, low-intensity, 44-mm event 5 days later. This latter result is remarkably similar to soil water contributions to storm flow in mountainous forested catchments of the southeastern United States. In terms of event and preevent water the storm flow hydrograph of the high-intensity event is dominated by event water and that of the low-intensity event by preevent water. This study highlights the problems of applying mixing analyses to overland flow-dominated catchments and soil environments with a poorly developed vertical chemical zonation and emphasizes the need for independent hydrometric information for a complete characterization of watershed hydrology and chemistry.

<p>The main aim of the current study is to examine the relationship between community violence exposure and the development of psychopathology and examine the relationship between community violence exposure and other types of trauma, that is, childhood trauma and stressful life events. It was hypothesised that exposure to community violence will have a high correlation with development of psychological disorders such as mood and anxiety and psychotic disorders. The main study employed a quantitative research design in order to determine the relationship between PTSD in children and adolescents. The current study used secondary data to measure the correlation between exposure to community violence and the development of psychopathology. The data for this study was collected from 132 consecutive referrals between the ages of 13 to 19 (mean age = 15.4, SD = 1.6) from a youth stress clinic at a university in the Western Cape. Findings indicated that community violence prevalence was higher than previous South African studies but lower compared to American studies. There was generally a high prevalence of PTSD and major depressive disorder (MDD) in this sample compared to previous South African studies. An unexpected outcome was that even though there was a high prevalence of PTSD, there was no relationship between community violence exposure and PTSD in this sample, rather, community violence exposure was related to MDD. Furthermore, MDD and not PTSD was related to experiences of childhood trauma. Stressful life events were related to acute stress disorder (ASD).</p>

The effects of occupational sex segregation on wage differentials and poverty, and the factors behind the differentiation on occupational choices are analyzed in various studies. There are also recent studies analyzing Turkish case. However, there are limited attempts combining both segregation and occupational decision in Turkish labor market. This thesis wants to fill this gap and as well as contribute the literature of Turkish labor market and OSS, with analyzing the most current data of Household Labor Force Survey (HLFS) 2004-2010. It is expected to find stability in segregation in the period under consideration as verified by the thesis. It is found that the contribution of different occupations to the extent of segregation also differs. In addition, differentiation with regard to factors on occupational choices of men and women are also found. Further analysis should be carried to make relevant and effective policies to reduce occupational sex segregation.

Vid marknadsföring av musik finns det en mängd olika aktiviteter att använda sig av. Den traditionella marknadsmixen med dess beståndsdelar brukar användas, men eftersom marknadsföring inom musikbranschen är komplicerad används också andra aktiviteter. Liveframträdande, radiospelaningar och framträdande i TV är några av de aktiviteter som används inom det här området. Syftet med vår uppsats har varit att undersöka effektiviteten hos kanalerna som används för att få studenter att köpa musik. Vi ville se vilka kanaler som är effektivast, samt om det fanns några mindre effektiva kanaler vid marknadsföring av musik. Ytterligare hoppades vi på att få reda på hur ofta studenterna köper musik, samt om det fanns några anledningar till varför de inte köper mer musik. Vi har använt oss av en kvantitativ metod där 305 studenter från högskolan i Jönköping svarade på frågor i enkätform. Resultatet visar att respondenterna får information om nysläppt musik genom Word of Mouth, reklam och redaktionellt material i TV och radio. Den aktivitet som har störst påverkan på våra respondenter när det gäller att få information om musik och inköpsställe av musik är Word of Mouth. Studenterna i vår undersökning köper musik i genomsnitt en gång om året. Anledningen till att de inte köper mer beror främst på att de skaffar sin musik på annat sätt samt att det är för dyrt med musik.

Increased international competitiveness to host sport mega-events indicates their perceived value in stimulating regional and national economic, social and cultural development. In the context of broader governmental public opinion management strategies, sport mega-events hold the potential to mobilize soft power resources of the host country, expressed in values, culture and policies, and engage with and influence the publics of other countries. This thesis investigates the significance of sport mega-events for the host country’s public diplomacy strategies and practice by exploring the concepts of public diplomacy, sport mega-events, soft power and national image within a multi-disciplinary conceptual framework. The analysis of scholarly literature, official and media reports reveals how aspects of reputation, credibility, and legitimacy guide both foreign public opinion and the practice of public diplomacy in conjunction with sport mega-events. Moreover, international reputation of the host nation, including status, prestige and image, appeared to benefit the most as a result of strategic application of sport mega-events to public diplomacy. This can be achieved by proving functional reputation though demonstration of financial and organizational success. Alternatively, social reputation of the host is at risk of sustaining considerable damage as a result of resistance from social activists groups, thus requiring extensive damage control efforts of the host country's image. The conclusions drawn from this study raise significant questions about the potential of sport mega-events being effectively used for public diplomacy and the experience of the host governments, revealing functional competence as having the greatest potential to influence public diplomacy strategy built around hosting sport mega-events.

Deep Brain Simulation (DBS) has received attention in the scientific community for its potential to suppress epileptic seizures. To date, DBS has only achieved marginal positive results. We believe that a highly complex possibly chaotic (HPC) biologically inspired stimulation is superior to periodic stimulation. Using Radial Basis Functions (RBFs), we modeled interictal and postictal time series based on electroencephalograms (EEGs) of rat hippocampus slices while under low Mg2+. We then compared the RBF based interictal and postictal stimulations to the periodic stimulation using a Cognitive Rhythm Generator (CRG) model for spontaneous Seizure-Like Events (SLEs). What resulted was a significant improvement in seizure suppression with the HPC stimulators at lower gains as opposed to the periodic signal. This suggests that the use of biologically inspired HPC stimulators will achieve better results while confining the stimulation to a narrow region of the brain.

Deep Brain Simulation (DBS) has received attention in the scientific community for its potential to suppress epileptic seizures. To date, DBS has only achieved marginal positive results. We believe that a highly complex possibly chaotic (HPC) biologically inspired stimulation is superior to periodic stimulation. Using Radial Basis Functions (RBFs), we modeled interictal and postictal time series based on electroencephalograms (EEGs) of rat hippocampus slices while under low Mg2+. We then compared the RBF based interictal and postictal stimulations to the periodic stimulation using a Cognitive Rhythm Generator (CRG) model for spontaneous Seizure-Like Events (SLEs). What resulted was a significant improvement in seizure suppression with the HPC stimulators at lower gains as opposed to the periodic signal. This suggests that the use of biologically inspired HPC stimulators will achieve better results while confining the stimulation to a narrow region of the brain.

My thesis argues that a shift has taken place in white supremacist rhetoric post September 11, 2001. I focus on the pre-9/11 rhetoric of Jared Taylor, the post 9/11 rhetoric of Patrick Buchanan, and identify the attacks of September 11th as a catalytic event in the history of white supremacist rhetoric. Through careful rhetorical analysis, I identify the 9/11 shift as a shift in placement vis-à-vis the political mainstream.

This study examined the frequency of university students with self-esteem level at first. Moreover, the difference between male and female and the difference between achiever and non-achiever students were examined with respect to self-esteem. Also the relationship between self-esteem score of university students and stressful life events was examined. Three hundred thirty one university students from different grades and departments of Middle East Technical University have been participated in this study. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Life Events Inventory for University Students (LEIU) and four-question demographic information form were used for this study. Factor analysis for LEIU was made for this study. At the end of the factor-analysis, three factors were identified. These were called as self-related anxiety/problems / environmental, adjustment, family events/problems / and academic events/problems. To examine the percentage of students with high and low self-esteem, frequency of the participant was calculated. In addition, independent samples t-test was applied to investigate the difference between male-female and achiever-non-achiever students on self-esteem, while Pearson product moment correlation was applied to examine the relationship between self-esteem and stressful life events. It was found that there were 302 students (88.6 %) with high self-esteem level, while there were 39 students (11.4 %) with low self-esteem level. According to independent samples t-test results, it was found that achiever students&amp / #8217 / self-esteem score was higher than non-achiever students whereas there is no significant difference between male and female on the self-esteem score. Finally, it was found that there is a significant relationship between self-related anxiety/problems, environmental, adjustment, family problems and academic events/problems and self-esteem.

Adverse childhood events have been identified as a risk factor for developing chronic pain conditions in adulthood. However, previous studies have inconsistently supported the link between adverse childhood events and hypersensitivity to laboratory-induced pain. Therefore, this study intended to investigate the effects of adverse childhood events on temporal summation of second pain (TSSP). A group of 38 healthy and pain-free college students participated in laboratory pain tests after being screened for childhood trauma history. Half of participants (47.5% female) were positive for childhood trauma and the other half (63.2% female) reported no adverse childhood event. The laboratory pain tests measured TSSP using 10 thermal pulses per trial over four consecutive trials. The trauma group showed a tendency of greater sensitization within TSSP trials and lack of habituation over repeated TSSP trials. In sum, adverse childhood events predisposed adults to enhanced TSSP, which is potentially linked to an increased likelihood to develop chronic pain problems.