Strengths-based interventions utilize families' "disciplinary" expertise as parents to their individual child. This workshop explores an assessment-to-intervention approach that delves into the ways families help their child learn and why those strategies were chosen to then collaboratively build interventions based on what families already do and their underlying parenting goals.

The covid-19 pandemic in Sweden is characterized by high uncertainty and risk. Health experts and authorities play a central part in informing and guiding the public’s responses to a pandemic. But to have the right to operate, an organization’s legitimacy is important. How does a health expert authority get people to follow the guidelines to ensure public health efforts success in the covid-19 pandemic?   This case study focused on Folkhälsomyndigheten’s perceived legitimacy by young adults in Sweden during the covid-19 pandemic, by understanding if Folkhälsomyndigheten was perceived as a legitimate expert and how their legitimacy was constituted through their conveying of risk. Hence, we aimed to contribute to health and crisis communication by adopting a public-centered approach to the constitution of legitimacy.   The empirical data was collected through three online focus group interviews with 20-24-year-olds. Suchman’s legitimacy theory and Giddens’s notion of the postindustrial risk society was used the analyze the results. Through a thematic analysis, we discovered a total of 12 themes distributed over 3 dimensions, showing that Folkhälsomyndigheten’s legitimacy was constituted on the premises of pragmatic legitimacy, based on the self-interest of the public. We could conclude that Folkhälsomyndigheten was viewed as a legitimate expert because of their status as an institutionalized health authority, and that the legitimacy of their expert position role was grounded in a democratic mindset. Folkhälsomyndigheten’s legitimacy was, through procedures, representatives, and human attributes, constituted by organizing the unstable situation for the young adults to gain a feeling of stability.

Denna uppsats har ett fokus på den pågående pandemin, covid-19, och experters roll i samhället. Uppsatsen bygger på två enkäter, tre opinionsundersökningar, fyra artiklar, ett tv-klipp och Stefan Löfvens tal till nationen. Studien är av kvantitativ metod, resultatet från enkäterna har bearbetats i spss och resterande resultat har fungerat som ett komplement till de resultatet som har framkommit i enkäterna. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka experters roll under en kris. I studien används teorier om förtroende för experter, subjektiv och objektiv verklighet, riskperception teori och moderniseringsriskernas beroende av kunskap.     I det resultat som framkommer i uppsatsen går det att se att experter har en central roll under en kris. Experter behövs för att en risk eller en kris ska ses som just detta, de behövs också för att människor ska kunna uppfatta osynliga risker som denna typ av moderniseringsrisk är. I resultatet går det också att se att det finns ett oförändrat eller ökat förtroende för experter, det går också att utläsa i resultatet att det finns faktorer som påverkar hur människan agerar under en kris. Dessa faktorer kan vara exempelvis kön och ålder. / This essay focuses on the ongoing pandemic, covid-19, and the role of the experts in society. The essay is based on two surveys, three opinion polls, four articles, one television clip and Stefan Löfven's speech to the nation. The study is of a quantitative method, the results of the questionnaires have been processed in SPSS and the remaining results have served as a complement to the results that have emerged in the questionnaires. The purpose of this essay is to investigate the role of the experts during a crisis. The study uses theories of trust in experts, subjective and objective reality, risk perception theory and the risks of modernization to knowledge.   In the results that appear in the exam, it is possible to see that the experts have a central role during a crisis. Experts are needed for a risk or a crisis to be seen as a risk, they are also needed for people to be able to recognize an invisible risk that this type of modernization risk is. In the result it is also possible to see that there is an unchanged or increased trust in experts, it can also be seen in the result that there are factors that influence how a person acts during a crisis. These factors can be, for example, gender and age.

Question and answering sites are useful in sharing the knowledge by answering questions. It is a medium of sharing knowledge. Quora is the fastest emerging effective Q&A site, which is the best source of knowledge. Here you can ask a question, and get help in getting answers from people with firsthand experience, and blog about what you know. In this paper, we are investigating and identifying potential experts who are providing the best solutions to the questioner needs. We have considered several techniques in identifying user as an expert or non-expert. We have targeted the most followed topics in Quora and finally came up with five topics: Mathematics, Politics, Technology, Sports and Business. We then crawled the user profiles who are following these topics. Each topic dataset has many special features. Our research indicates that experts are quite different from normal users and tend to produce high quality answers to as many questions as possible to gain their reputation. After evaluation, we got a limited number of experts who have potential expertise in specific fields, achieving up to 97% accuracy and 0.987 AUC.

The final thesis deals with the issuance of Act No. 254/2020 Coll., On experts, expert offices and expert institutes. The aim is to analyze, describe and evaluate the impact of the law change on expert activities. The analysis took the form of a questionnaire survey addressing 1,002 experts. The evaluation of the results is processed using graphs, tables and free citations of experts. The thesis deals with the characteristics of individual provisions of the law, their negative effects and benefits. The output of the work is an analysis of the current situation. In the end, recommendations and proposals for measures are formulated.

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This thesis examines two possible orders of combining multiple experts in elicitations with multiple de-composed events: Should experts be combined early or later in the decision process? This thesis is in conjunction with the paper (Baker & Olaleye, 2012) where we show that it is best to combine experts early as later combination leads to a systematic error. We conduct a simulation to more fully flesh out the theoretical model. We also conduct a theoretical analysis aimed at determining how significantly these two methods differ. We find that all results are in accordance with the theory but combining experts later might lead to less error in some cases due to randomness. We then conduct an empirical evaluation of the two methods using data from a previous study. We show that the experts exhibit some form of correlation. The impact of using the two methods of combining experts is then evaluated using an optimal R&D investment portfolio model. We find that the elicitation inputs have a significant effect on the outcome of the optimal portfolio and that there is an advantage from combining experts early.

Diagnostic des forces et des faiblesses, traitements, bilans, perspectives et prédictions, les institutions financières internationales conditionnent les prêts octroyés aux États financés à une série d’ajustements et de mesures auxquelles leurs économies devraient être soumises. Leurs documentations en matière de développement économique prennent un ton qui n’est pas sans rappeler les écrits religieux. Naturalisé, simplifié et dépolitisé, le discours de ces institutions se veut une sorte de catéchisme de l’orthodoxie économique, des commandements (censés représenter la culmination du savoir économique et le consensus de ses savants) dont la stricte obéissance mènerait vers la terre promise du développement et de la prospérité et dont le rejet représenterait une hérésie démagogique. Les auteurs critiques des politiques de développement de ces bailleurs de fonds arguent que les États receveurs de l’aide financière sont en train de perdre le contrôle sur leurs économies et que leurs populations, en plus du coût social auquel elles sont soumises, voient le pouvoir décisionnel leur échapper pour devenir l’apanage d’une élite d’experts. Grâce à la place hégémonique du savoir économique dont ils se prévalent, ils occuperaient un poids de plus en plus prépondérant dans le processus de prise de décisions politiques. Conçu et prescrit via l’angle de l’expertise, le développement serait réduit à ces éléments techniques et contribuerait ainsi à la dépolitisation du politique et à asseoir le pouvoir des bailleurs de fonds, détenteurs du monopole de l’expertise du développement, sur les politiques économiques de l’État financé. Toutefois, les disparités régionales en matière d’applications des politiques néolibérales des institutions financières et les difficultés éprouvées par l’élite économique dans certains pays à imposer leur savoir comme savoir hégémonique et à s’installer dans les rouages clés de la prise de décision politique nous poussent à considérer l’importance des dynamiques locales du pouvoir. Mais encore, ils nous contraignent à rejeter toute velléité de comprendre l’économie de l’État financé via uniquement le prisme d’une domination d’institutions toutes puissantes qui imposeraient un savoir-faire hégémonique à des États soumis et sans recours. Dans cette thèse, nous défendrons l’idée que si le développement est bel et bien une manifestation de rapports de pouvoir, il faudrait plutôt chercher à le comprendre via les pratiques qui le composent. Ce que nous proposons c’est une lecture de l’entreprise du développement via ses contraintes bureaucratiques, via les différentes stratégies de contournement des exigences des institutions financières et les mécanismes de leur interprétation, mais également à travers les différentes luttes internes qui définissent le polity et les limites du pouvoir de l’État. Cette approche, nous l’espérons, permettrait de mieux saisir les dynamiques qui sous-tendent les politiques économiques de l’État financé, de mieux dégager le rôle des institutions financières et de situer la place de l’idéologie néolibérale dans le processus décisionnel.

This report analyses the work on implementing the Women Peace and Security(WPS) agenda in Myanmar. As the conflict in the country is excessively complex withmultiple ethnic, indigenous, and linguistic groups we asked the important question:Who gets included/excluded from their implementation of WPS? And where lies thepower to shape gender equality work in the country? We answer this by looking atpower from two perspectives, material resources, and knowledge which both act associally constructive and exclusionary power. We argue that several bureaucraticinstitutions’ implementation lacks conflict sensitivity and intersectional perspective. While answering the questions we explain how the work and relationship betweendifferent international actors affect the local organization.

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