Orientador: Leonardo Lemos de Souza / Banca: Lucinea Aparecida Rezende / Banca: Mário Sérgio Vasconcelos / Banca: Elizabeth Piemonte Constantino / Banca: Raquel Gonçalves Salgado / Resumo: A pesquisa tem por objetivo compreender as narrativas produzidas por jovens estudantes, usuários(as) de uma rede social da internet, o Facebook, no que diz respeito às produções de linguagens a partir da expressão de seus sentimentos. Busca-se também trazer à discussão o uso destas tecnologias na educação de conteúdos mais relacionados às ressignificações da escola da contemporaneidade. Para conseguir atender ao objetivo proposto, foi realizado o diálogo entre as literaturas na área da Psicologia e da Educação e a aproximação dos aportes teóricos utilizados ao contato com o público jovem - estudantes do ensino médio do IFPR de Jacarezinho - PR. Em suas narrativas produzidas no Facebook, ficam registradas suas necessidades de falarem sobre si por meio dos discursos próprios e também por meio dos já produzidos pelos seus pares. Sentimentos manifestados em publicações que representam seus aspectos emocionais, aquilo que os afetam e como são afetados pelos outros. Tais produções, ou seja, suas crenças, sentimentos, excessos, desabafos, produzidos em redes, permite-nos refletir sobre a rede social como o espaço da alteridade, para a construção de identidades em face do outro, de seus interlocutores. Sustentados nos procedimentos da pesquisa, os projetos de ensino a partir da transversalidade apresentam-se como um modelo interessante para a formação integral dos(as) estudantes que visam a ampliação dos trabalhos meramente voltados para a valorização da racionalidade... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The present work has as its main objective to understand the narratives produced by young students, users of an online social network, Facebook, considering the language productions as from their feelings. There is also the interest of putting into discussion the application of these technologies to the education of contents more related to the resignifications of the contemporary school. In order to fulfill the proposed objective, it was necessary the dialogue between literatures in the field of Psychology and Education and the approach of the theoretical framework used upon getting in touch with the young people - students from the high school at the Federal Institute of Paraná - Campus Jacarezinho. In their narratives produced on Facebook, needs of speaking about themselves through their own speeches and by the ones already produced by their peers are recorded. Feelings expressed in posts that mean their emotional aspects, things that affect them and how others affect them. Such productions, that is to say, their beliefs, feelings, overflows, relief, produced on the social networks, allow us to think about the social network as a place of alterity, for the construction of identities in the light of the other, of their speakers. Underlay under the procedures of the investigation, the teaching projects as from the transversatily are shown as an interesting pattern for the integral education of the students that aims for the increase of the works merely directed to the cognitive issues, but that can take into consideration the affectivity as a strategy in the school activities including all levels of teaching. The suggestion of this pattern requires, nevertheless, a bigger investment on the dialogue between the action implemented in schools of basic education, the interests of students and teachers and the academic reflection... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar os critÃrios que balizam o fenÃmeno da emergÃncia de gÃneros discursivos que se manifestam nas redes sociais, mais especificamente no Facebook, tomando como base o suporte digital e as mesclas genÃricas que constituem as prÃticas de linguagem na web. Nossa investigaÃÃo à conduzida por uma concepÃÃo de linguagem de base epistemolÃgica bakhtiniana (BAKHTIN, 1929) e por uma perspectiva sociorretÃrica de gÃneros (MILLER, 1984; 1994; BAZERMAN, 2005). AlÃm disso, em busca de um conceito de emergÃncia, apoiamo-nos na perspectiva da Teoria da Complexidade, que dà guarida aos Sistemas Adaptativos Complexos (LARSEN-FREEMAN, 2008). Para alcanÃar o objetivo, tivemos dois momentos metodolÃgicos: no primeiro, selecionamos 331 postagens no mural de notÃcias do Facebook atualizadas no perÃodo de abril de 2011 a dezembro de 2012, cujos critÃrios bÃsicos eram o de que tivessem pelo menos 100 compartilhamentos e 100 curtiÃÃes. No segundo, extraÃmos uma amostra desse corpus, dividimo-la em oito questionÃrios desenvolvidos na ferramenta Google Docs, cada um com pelo menos trÃs postagens, e os divulgamos no Facebook pelo perÃodo de dois meses, para que os usuÃrios da rede espalhados pelas cinco regiÃes do Brasil nos dessem suas impressÃes sobre os gÃneros que ali ganham morada. Ao fim, tivemos 575 sujeitos, cujas respostas nos ajudaram a mapear as caracterÃsticas de oito gÃneros discursivos em emergÃncia no Facebook e, com base nelas, propor seis critÃrios para definir a emergÃncia como um estÃgio por que passa um gÃnero em direÃÃo à estandardizaÃÃo, estÃgio este que denota, de um lado, certa recorrÃncia de padrÃes jà reconhecidos, aceitos e praticados socialmente e, de outro, elementos amorfos, em processo de moldagem e de tipificaÃÃo pela comunidade: o processo de remix, o acabamento, os links, a rÃpida saturaÃÃo, a falta de consenso sobre o nome e a falta de consenso sobre os propÃsitos dos gÃneros. / This research aims at investigating criteria which mark the emergence of discourse genres phenomenon present in social network, especially on Facebook. Such genres take place in digital support, as well as in their generic blends that constitute language practices on the web. This study is led by a Bakhtinian language conception (BAKHTIN, 1929) and a social rhetoric genre perspective (MILLER, 1984; 1994; BAZERMAN, 2005). Besides, in search for a concept of emergence, this investigation was based on the Complexity Theory which supports the Complex Adaptive System (LARSEN-FREEMAN, 2008). In order to achieve its aim, this research was divided into two methodological parts: firstly, we selected 331 updated posts out of Facebook news feed from April 2011 to December 2012, which standard criteria were laid on the fact that these latter presented 100 shares and 100 likes. Secondly, we took a sample out of this corpus, divided it into eight questionnaires developed in to the Google Docs tool, each one carrying, at least, three posts. After that, we posted these same posts on Facebook for two months, so that the network users throughout the five regions of Brazil could post their opinion over the genres therein presented. At last, this study found 575 usersâ answers to be helpful to map eight discourse genres characteristics under emergence on Facebook. Based on these latter ones, we propose six criteria to define emergence as a stage through which a genre pass toward standardization. Such a stage denotes, on one hand, a type of recurrence of recognized, accepted and socially practiced standards. On the other hand, this same stage denotes amorphous elements, under its modeling and recognition process by the community: the remix process, finishing, links, rapid saturation, lack of consent over the name and genres proposes.

Compared with face-to-face communication, Facebook use may provide opportunities for greater interaction in a relatively uncensored environment. This research aimed to critically investigate how Saudi university students are using these opportunities. It employs a theoretical framework drawn from uses and gratifications theory, social penetration theory, and social role theory. A mixed methods approach was used over three sequential phases. The research began with a quantitative questionnaire completed by 372 Saudi university students to investigate the gratifications they obtained from using Facebook and to identify a typology of Facebook users. This was followed by thematic and quantitative content analyses of profiles of a sub-sample of 50 students to explore the status updates they generated and the types of information they disclosed. To investigate in greater depth the themes that emerged from the previous phases, a final qualitative interview was conducted with 20 of the students. The results revealed that, Saudi students used Facebook as a virtual space within which they engaged in several activities. It allowed for cross-cultural and cross-gender communication. Facebook also enabled them to be citizen journalists, sharing, discussing, and analysing current affairs. They as well used Facebook to defend their religious beliefs and advocate Islamic values. Saudi university students showed that they are willing to jeopardise the privacy of their personal information to maximise the rewards they obtain from using Facebook as long as these rewards outweigh the expected costs from such disclosure. Despite belonging to a gender-segregated society, analysis of gender differences conducted across all three research phases revealed that the gap between genders in their Facebook usage is narrower than in offline settings.

I en allt mer konkurrerande marknad är kommunikationen av stor betydelse för organisationers överlevnad. I och med nya innovativa tekniker utvecklas kommunikationslösningar som kan effektivisera verksamhetens kommunikation. En ny sådan teknik är sociala medier som växer och blir ett vardagligt sätt att kommunicera på. Det är därför intressant att undersöka hur och varför organisationer använder sociala medier. Syftet med uppsatsen är följaktligen att fördjupa förståelsen för organisationers användning av sociala medier för specifikt intern kommunikation. Utgångspunkten är ett organisationsperspektiv och därför studeras enbart kommunikationsansvariga på olika organisationer som använder sig av sociala medier, med en avgränsning att endast beröra sociala media kanalerna Facebook eller Workplace by Facebook. Uppsatsen grundar sig på totalt sex stycken kvalitativa intervjuer som alla har varit semistrukturerade. Resultatet visar att sociala medier hjälper till att skapa ett forum för medarbetare och kollegor att komma i kontakt med varandra och kommunicera. Det är genom att göra grupper, skicka direktmeddelanden eller på annat sätt dela åsikter, tips och idéer mellan varandra. Således skapas en gemenskap och samhörighet bland medarbetarna inom organisationen. Det tillåter med andra ord ett snabbt och smidigt, men ändå ett personligt sätt, att förmedla information internt och samtidigt effektivisera arbetsprocesser. Sociala medier upplevs även som ett bekant system då många redan är användare privat. Sociala medier kan engagera medarbetare och det kan vara lättare att få kontakt med kollegor, men all kommunikation platsar sig inte på sociala medier. Det är viktigt att ha förståelse för budskapet som ska förmedlas och hur det påverkar valet av kanal. Det finns positiva och negativa aspekter att beakta vid användning av sociala medier för intern kommunikation. / Communication is a competitive advantage for an organization's survival in an increasingly competitive market. Due to new developed technology to communicate, organizations can evolve their communication and consequently streamline communication processes. A relatively new communication channel that is expanding, and is a common way to communicate on a daily basis, is social media. Therefore this study aims to look into how and why organizations use social media for internal communication. The essay has a delimitation to only include the social media channels Facebook and Workplace by Facebook. An organization perspective has been applied and in total six semistructured qualitative interviews with communication managers at different organizations have been conducted in order to answer the research question above. The result shows that social media can be used for internal communication to make groups, chats and send messages directly etcetera, in order to establish a forum where co-workers can communicate and contact each other. As a result social media can achieve a greater commitment among co-workers. Due to social media layouts and that it is a common way to communicate on a daily basis, the users are already used to the system. Hence, social media is an easy and fast, but yet a personal, way for organizations to post and share information. Which can make the internal communication more effective. Social media can help to involve co-workers and to help them get in touch with each other, on the other hand, all forms of communication is not appropriate on social media. Therefore it is important to have an understanding of the message’s nature and how it should affect the choice of channel. For that reason, there are both positive and negative affects of the use of social media for internal communication.

The aim of this thesis is to create and effectively manage Facebook web pages for individual divisions of Import Volkswagen Group s.r.o. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part contains basic information about online and offline medias, trends in the area of Internet marketing and measuring of online advertising efficiency, which, unlike the efficiency of "offline" advertising, is easily measurable. In the past two years, social networks, especially Facebook and Twitter became trendy. The last chapter of the theoretical part is deals with the topic of advertising on Facebook, that prevails in the Czech Republic. and promotion on the social network called Facebook. In the practical part, some of the findings derived from the theoretical part are implemented and verified. The main outcome of this thesis is a development of well-functioning Facebook web pages, administration of which could be taken over by Import Volkswagen Group s.r.o. in the future.

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Young adults have a negative attitude to interaction with a boss through Facebook. The perceived offline relationships were in this study found to have an insignificant impact on how young adults choose to act after an accepted friend request. Results from the study also showed that there is a restraint when it comes to removing a manager from Facebook. How the employee handles a received friend-request did not appear to have any impact on the perceived offline relationship. In conclusion, young adults' behavior on Facebook changes in some respects to a certain part when a manager obtains access to their profile. This study investigated whether, and if so how, young adults' Facebook usage might change if a manager obtained access to content on the user's profile. Another purpose of the study was also to examine the attitude of young adults about beginning friendly relationship with a manager on Facebook, and to examine how their offline relationships were affected by a friendship request through Facebook. Young adults are in this study defined as individuals between the age of 18 and 30. Age range and social network were chosen on the basis that Facebook is the most used social network in people aged 18-30 years. This age group is relatively new to the labor market, and comes from a stage in life when they may not have had to think about this kind of interaction between personal life and working relationships before. A requirement for participation in the study was that the respondents have now or previosly held a job. Data were collected by a survey published on the Karlstad University student platform. 164 respondents in the target group participated. The collected empirical data were processed and analyzed by SPSS. The theories that this study's research questions are based on comprises labor relations and private life and the balance between them. How people choose to showcase themself and sometimes adapt different personalities to different audiences. The theories that have been used as the basis of the study is the FIRO model, communication privacy management, social capital, self-presentation and impression management. / Unga vuxnas beteende på Facebook har visat sig förändras till viss del när en chef får tillgång till innehållet på deras profil. Det finns en negativ inställning hos unga vuxna inför att interagera med en chef via Facebook och resultatet från denna studie visar även att det finns en återhållsamhet när det handlar om att ta bort en chef från Facebook. Studien påvisar även att hur den anställde agerar vid en mottagen vänförfrågan inte verkar ha någon påverkan på den upplevda offline-relationen. Den upplevda offline-relationer visade sig i sin tur ha en obetydande inverkan på hur unga vuxna väljer att fortsätta sitt användande efter en accepterad vänförfrågan. Denna studie har syftat till att undersöka om, och i sådana fall hur, unga vuxnas Facebookanvändning eventuellt förändras då en överordnad får tillgång till innehållet på användarens profil. Studien syftade även till att undersöka vilken inställning unga vuxna har till att inleda en vänskaplig relation med en överordnad på Facebook, samt om en vänskaps-förfrågan via Facebook upplevs ha en påverkan på deras offline-relation. Unga vuxna definierades i denna studie som personer mellan 18 och 30 år. Specifik ålder och socialt nätverk bestämdes utifrån fakta som säger att Facebook är det mest använda sociala nätverket hos personer i åldrarna 18-30 år (Findahl & Davidsson, 2015). Denna åldersgrupp är i stor utsträckning relativt nya på arbetsmarknaden. De kommer från en tid i livet då de eventuellt inte behövt tänka på denna typ av interaktion mellan privatliv och arbetsrelationer och deras attityd i ämnet har varit intressanta att undersöka. Ett krav för att delta i studien var att respondenterna skulle ha, eller någon gång ha haft, en anställning. Data samlades in genom en kvantitativ enkätundersökning via Karlstads universitets studentplattform. 164 respondenter inom målgruppens åldersgrupp deltog. Den insamlade empirin bearbetades och analyserades genom statistikprogrammet SPSS. De teorier som studiens forskningsfrågor är uppbygga utifrån behandlar arbetsrelationer och privatliv och balansen där emellan, även hur personer väljer att visa upp sig själva och ibland anpassar sin personlighet efter olika publiker. De teorier som använts som grund i studien är FIRO-modellen, communication privacy management, socialt kapital, självpresentation och impression management.

Facebook is the biggest social network and therefore it is of interest to view how people get immersed into the user experience of it. Not much has been done about immersion into Facebook and how it entraps the user in a never-ending flow of impressions. Using a combination of qualitative interview studies and think-aloud walkthroughs we set out to study this phenomena. We found a varying mix of immersion, from those who couldn’t stop looking through their feeds to those who just used Facebook as a phonebook. We also found that while many wanted to reduce their usage of Facebook, none seemed able to make that plunge. From this we find design implications for both designing for immersion and avoiding entrapment. One key to the former is to have an error free environment, while the latter would be to make sure that all information is searchable.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka om användning av sociala medier är kopplad till stress. 100 personer i åldrarna 18 till 46 år besvarade två mätinstrument angående stress och sina vanor vad gäller sociala medier. Statistiska analyser visade att ju mer användning av sociala medier och Facebook desto högre stress. Resultaten visade även en signifikant effekt av kön, där kvinnorna upplevde mer stress än männen. En sammanfattande tolkning av resultaten visade att ju mer man använder sociala medier desto mer stress man har och att kvinnor är mer stressade än män.

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