The Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) it is a plant originated from Africa. The genus Elaeis has distribution in the African continent and tropical America, comprehend for two species defined taxonomically: Elaeis guineensis Jacq - known as oil palm truth, and the Elaeis oleifera (H.B.K) Cortés - known as caiaué or oil palm of the Amazônia. Currently, there is a disease that is becoming more harmful, the "Yellowish Fatal", that it has as main symptom an almost imperceptible Yellowish of the basal of the leaves youngest taking the death of the plant. Amongst the alternatives of genetic improvement, the attainment of interespecifics hybrids (E. guineensis x E. oleifera), although the present oil production be 20% minor that the oil palm, will become the only form to make possible the oil production of palm in those areas affected for diseases as the yellowish fatal. The work was constituted of stages of oxidation control, asepsis, rescue of zygotic embryos and plantlets formations. The present work had as objective to establish a viable protocol for regeneration of zygotic embryos derived of the interspecifics hybrids (E.guineensis x E.oleifera) to be used in programs of genetic improvement. For asepsis, hybrids seeds of oil palm of SJ 165 variety that were disinfected with 1% of NaOCl getting the best results. The concentration of charcoal actived of 0,25% was more efficient against oxidation process. Also was observed the genotype x environment effect, being the variability CI- 2061 that had best responses in all traits realized , not being observed an influence of growth regulators ANA e BAP(0,5mg.L-1) at conversation of embryos in plantlets. The insertion of 0,17 g.L-1 de NaH2PO4 was fundamental in development of normal plantlets in acclimatization. It was possible getting plants in vitro in 4 months of subculture. / O dendezeiro (Elaeis guineensis, Jacq.) é uma planta originaria da África. O gênero Elaeis tem distribuição no continente africano e na América tropical, compreendendo duas espécies taxonomicamente bem definidas: o Elaeis guineensis jacq -conhecido como dendê verdadeiro, e o Elaeis oleifera (H.B.K) Cortés - conhecido como caiaué ou dendê da Amazônia. Atualmente, a doença que vem se tornando mais nociva é o “Amarelecimento fatal” que tem como principal sintoma um amarelecimento quase imperceptível dos folíolos basais das folhas mais jovens levando a morte da planta. Dentre as alternativas de melhoramento genético, a obtenção de híbridos interespecíficos (E. guineensis x E. oleifera), apesar de apresentar produção de óleo cerca de 20% menor que o dendezeiro, poderá se tornar a única forma de viabilizar a produção de óleo de palma naquelas áreas afetadas por doenças como o amarelecimento fatal. O trabalho constituiu-se das etapas de controle da oxidação, assepsia, resgate de embriões zigóticos e formação de plântulas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estabelecer um protocolo viável para resgate de embriões zigóticos oriundos dos híbridos interespecíficos (E.guineensis x E.oleifera). Os experimentos realizados foram inteiramente casualizados. Para assepsia, as sementes hibridas de dendê da variedade SJ 165 que foram desinfestadas com 1% NaClO a 20 minutos obtiveram os melhores resultados. A concentração de 0,25% de carvão ativado foi a mais eficiente contra a oxidação in vitro em sementes hibridas de dendezeiro da variedade SJ 165. Foi observado também o efeito genótipo x ambiente, pois as variedades testadas ( CI-2061,Cj-2141,Cj-502 e Cj-492) responderam de maneira diferentes aos meios de cultura utilizados, sendo a variedade CI-2061 que obteve as melhores respostas em todos os tratamentos realizados, não sendo também verificado a influência dos reguladores ANA e BAP (0,5 mg.L-1 ) na conversão de embriões zigóticos em plântulas. A inserção de 0,17g.L-1 de NaH2PO4 se mostrou fundamental no desenvolvimento de plântulas normais no processo aclimatização.Foi possível obter mudas de dendê in vitro em apenas quatro meses de subcultivo.

This thesis examines three main themes; depression, suicidality, and non-fatal overdose involving pharmaceutical and over-the-counter (OTC) medications. At any given time depression affects approximately one in every twenty adults in Australia. People with depression are at elevated risk of attempted and completed suicide compared to those without. Medication overdose is a frequently chosen method of suicidal behaviour, and accounts for one in ten suicide deaths and close to nine out of ten non-fatal episodes of suicidal behaviour for which hospital treatment is sought. The study reported here had six primary aims; (i) to quantify medication overdose presentations over a 12-month period to the Emergency Department (ED) of a major metropolitan public hospital in Melbourne, Australia, (ii) to describe the medication overdose patient group, including comparison with two other relevant types of presentation, illicit drug overdose, and actual or potential self-harm by means other than overdose, (iii) to explore the relationship between depression, suicidal ideation and medication overdose, (iv) to identify the medications typically used in overdose and their means of acquisition, (v) to explore patient experiences of emergency care following a medication overdose, and (vi) to comment on the feasibility of introducing a brief intervention within the ED with the intention of addressing the issue of medication overdose. Three data sources were employed: computerised ED records, interviews with a sub-sample of patients attending the ED following a medication overdose, and observation of ED processes in relation to these cases. / One of the most important findings of the study was the large contribution made by benzodiazepine medications to the overall medication overdose statistics. When considered in conjunction with the patient interview data, it appeared that many patients included in the study were prescribed benzodiazepines in a manner that contradicts current national prescribing guidelines. The problem of medication overdose could be partially addressed by working with doctors to ensure the appropriateness of their prescribing practices, to encourage them to more closely monitor the treatment progress of at-risk patients, and to increase awareness of other evidence-based forms of treatment for depression and anxiety.

<p>This essay examine the femme fatal and the head character in the play Lulu Eine Monstretra gödie by Frank Wedekind. I have studied Lulu, who would be classified as a femme fatal, in terms to see what kind of woman’s portrait a femme fatal is. I will show with the theories of Judith Butler, Jacques Lacan and Joan Riviere how the femme fatal can be seen as a construc-tion, a role done by men. As well as a strong self owned woman. I will also discuss other con-cepts like femme-inism. My aim with this analysis is not to show one, but many different ways of looking at the femme fatal.</p>

This essay examine the femme fatal and the head character in the play Lulu Eine Monstretra gödie by Frank Wedekind. I have studied Lulu, who would be classified as a femme fatal, in terms to see what kind of woman’s portrait a femme fatal is. I will show with the theories of Judith Butler, Jacques Lacan and Joan Riviere how the femme fatal can be seen as a construc-tion, a role done by men. As well as a strong self owned woman. I will also discuss other con-cepts like femme-inism. My aim with this analysis is not to show one, but many different ways of looking at the femme fatal.

Background: Most traffic safety research projects require accurate real world data which is collected in different databases around the world. This is especially important since the results of these projects form the basis for new crash test procedures and standards. In many of these databases the involvement of the frontal structures of the car in frontal crashes is coded by using the SAE J224 practice (Society of Automobile Engineers). There were indications that by using this practice the database would contain an overestimate of the car frontal structure involvement in real world crashes. One purpose of this thesis is therefore to develop a new method for real world crash investigations to better address this issue. One purpose was also to adopt this method in a data collection of fatal crashes in Sweden and examine injury causation mechanisms. Studies shows that the commonly used Hybrid III dummy is not fully reproducing the kinematical behavior observed in frontal sled test with belted PMHS (Post Mortem Human Subject). A human FE-model (Finite Element) might be able to reproduce the behavior evidenced with the PMHS in order to study upper body kinematics in certain types of frontal collision events. Method: A new data collection method was developed with the purpose to examine actual load paths active in the car front during a frontal crash. An important purpose was to examine if there was a relation between these load paths and injury producing mechanisms. This was done in an examination and analysis of 61 fatally injured occupants in 53 car frontal crashes in a sample area covering 40 % of the population of Sweden. Sample period was one year (1st October 2000 to 30th September 2001). An existing human FE-model was developed and validated with respect to upper body kinematics by using existing frontal belted PMHS tests. This was done by building a FE-model of the seat and seat belt used in the PMHS tests. Results: A generic car structure was developed which was used in the data collection methodology. By adopting this new method, Small Overlap (SO) crashes emerged as the most common crash configuration (48 %) among belted frontal fatalities. The injury producing mechanism in SO crashes is characterized by occupant upper body impacts in the side structure (door, a-pillar) of the car. This upper body kinematics is induced by both the crash pulse and the asymmetrical three point belt system. Current crash test procedures are not designed to fully estimate the performance of neither car structures nor restraints in SO crashes. In order to develop a better tool for reproducing this kinematical behavior a FE-model of a human body was refined and validated for belted conditions. This validation was performed with satisfying result. Conclusions: This study showed that by adopting new methods of data collecting new areas of traffic safety could be considered. In this study SO (48 %) crashes emerged as the most common crash configuration for belted frontal fatalities. Approximately ¼ of the fatalities occurred in a crash configuration comparable to current barrier crash test procedures. The body kinematics of PMHS in the SO crashes can be replicated and studied by using a FE-model of a human body in the collision load case model. With this tool possible collision counter measures could be evaluated for the SO crash configuration.

The present study examines three non-marital, romantic relationship dissolution types: (1) normal dyadic dissolution, (2) fatal attraction dissolution, and (3) social allergen dissolution among a sample of 321 emerging adults, who are between ages eighteen and twenty-nine. Results of an online survey revealed that normal dyadic dissolution occurred in 62%, social allergen dissolution occurred in 27%, and fatal attraction dissolution occurred in 11% of the participants’ relational demises. Results also revealed that there is a surprising amount of overlap between the three dissolution types, and that age is not specifically correlated with a particular dissolution type. However, there are two predicators of dissolution type within an emerging adult population: perceived family support and whether or not the couple cohabitate.

Sedan oktober 2011 sköter Sjukvårdens Larmcentral, SvLC, utalarmeringen av akuta sjukdomsfall som inkommer vid 112-samtal. Samtidigt infördes ett nytt medicinskt beslutsstöd för de sjuksköterskor som tar emot de akuta samtalen. Då orsaken till buksmärta är komplext och svårt att identifiera hos patienterna valdes just detta tillstånd för granskning. Syfte: Att undersöka om det medicinska beslutsstödet för sjuksköterskorna på SvLC i Uppsala län är en tillförlitlig hjälp i identifieringen av patienter med akuta buksmärtor, samt att undersöka om det fanns ålder-eller könsskillnader. Metod: En empirisk kvantitativ studie med en retrospektiv journalgranskning. Sammanlagt 151 patienter som ringt ambulans på grund av buksmärta och som av larmcentralen prioriterats som livshotande (prioritet 1) eller brådskande (prioritet 2) har granskats. Resultat: SvLC´s initiala bedömningar stämde väl överens med de prehospitala bedömningar sjuksköterskan i ambulans gjorde. Hos prio1-gruppen hade 48 % diagnostiserats buksmärta UNS, det vill säga buksmärta utan närmare specifikation, och hos prio 2-gruppen var det 40 % som fått samma diagnos. I denna undersökning kunde inga allvarliga brister identifieras i det nya medicinska beslutssystemet gällande akuta buksmärtor i Uppsala län, och inga signifikanta ålder-eller könsskillnader kunde hittas. Mer studier skulle behövas för att öka träffsäkerheten gällande resultatet i detta ämne och fler patienter skulle behöva involveras för att ”fånga upp” eventuella brister i detta medicinska beslutssystem. / Since October 2011 Sjukvårdens Larmcentral (SvLC) take care of emergency calls. At the same time new decision support tool for nurses that receive the emergency calls was introduced, andit was of interest to find out if there are flaws in the emergency call- system. Since the cause of abdominal pain in patients is a complex and difficult to identify this specific condition was chosen for this study. Aim: To examine whether the new medical decision support for patients with acute abdominal pain after the introduction of the new medical decision- making aid is a reliable working aid. Method: An empirical quantitative study with retrospective review of patients records. Totally 151 patients who called ambulance due to abdominal pain and that the emergency call- center prioritized as life-threatening (priority 1) or urgent (priority 2) has been reviewed. Result: SvLC´s initial evaluation tallied well with the prehospital assessment the nurse in ambulance did. In the prio 1-group 48% diagnosed abdominal pain NOS, that is to say “Not Otherwise Specified”, and in prio 2 group 40% received the same diagnosis. In this investigation, no serious flaws identified in the new medical decision support regarding acute abdominal pain in Uppsala county, and no significant..... More studies would be needed to increase accuracy on the results in this topic and more patients would need to be involved in order to “capture” any deficiencies in this medical decision systems.

Es gibt Fälle von Exitus letalis nach erfolgreich reponierter Dislocatio abomasi. Deren Ursache sowie prognostische Indikatoren zu ermitteln, war das Ziel vorliegender Arbeit. Zunächst wurden alle Rinder mit Exitus letalis zwischen 1990 und 2000 analysiert, die meisten litten an rechtsseitiger oder linksseitiger Disloactio abomasi. Bei diesen Tieren wurden die Befunde der Aufnahmeuntersuchung und der letzten Untersuchung vor dem Exitus letalis erfaßt, analysiert und mit den Befunden von nach linksseitiger oder rechtsseitiger Dislocatio abomasi geheilt entlassenen Tieren verglichen. Die Heilungsaussichten sinken bei rechtsseitiger und linksseitiger Dislocatio abomasi durch geringeren zeitlichen Abstand zur Kalbung, schlechteren Kreislaufzustand, geringere Pansenbewegungen, Hyperbilirubinämie und das Auftreten von Begleiterkrankungen. Bei rechtsseitiger Dislocatio abomasi waren weiterhin Hyponaträmie und Hypokalämie, bei linksseitiger Dislocatio abomasi erhöhte BHB-Konzentrationen, Hypocholsterolämie und Azidosen mit einer schlechten Prognose verbunden.

Opioid drug related death is the topic of this thesis. Each of the published works submitted in this volume has investigated an aspect of opioid drug related death. The publications have been grouped into three sub-themes: i. Characteristics of opioid drug related deaths ii. Methadone-related deaths in and out of treatment iii. Improving the quality of treatment for opioid drug dependence: a focus on injectable opioid treatment The introduction and background (Chapter1) will briefly review-the-relevant literature on opioid drug death predating my own contribution to the field. The next chapter of the thesis, 'Publications' (Chapter 2), will comprise the body of published work being submitted for the degree of Doctor of Medicine. Each article is accompanied by text on the preceding page outlining my individual contribution to that research study. The thesis will conclude with a discussion of the published works (Discussion, Chapter 3) which summarises the chief findings and reflects on the international significance and impact of the work. Finally, the Conclusion (Chapter 4) will submit suggestions for areas of future research into opioid drug related death.

Orientador: Ildeberto Muniz de Almeida / Banca: Antonio Luiz Caldas Junior / Banca: Maria de Lourdes G. F. S. M. / Resumo: O estudo avalia os acidentes de trabalho fatais analisados pelo Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego no Estado de São Paulo, entre os anos de 2001 a 2006. Distribuir os acidentes analisados segundo o fator imediato de mortalidade e os fatores causais por atividade econômica e porte da organização, além de classificar os acidentes segundo as fases de controle de risco das empresas definidos por Michel Monteau. A principal fonte de informações utilizada nesta dissertação é o banco de análise de acidentes do trabalho do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego, que está inserido no Sistema Federal de Inspeção do Trabalho - SFIT, que registra todas as fiscalizações realizadas por este órgão. Foram analisados 534 óbitos ocupacionais registrados no banco de análises, que forneceu diversas informações acerca dos acidentes, como o fator imediato de mortalidade, as causas selecionadas pelos analistas, descrição dos eventos, dentre outras. Nas atividades econômicas avaliadas, quais sejam, agricultura, indústria, construção, comércio e serviços, os seguintes fatores de mortalidade estiveram associados em maior número de casos aos acidentes: impacto causado por objeto lançado, projetado ou em queda; queda durante realização de serviços em telhado; exposição a outras linhas de distribuição e consumo de corrente elétrica e apertado, colhido, comprimido ou esmagado dentro de ou entre objetos. As causas relacionadas aos acidentes são organizadas por grupo, sendo que os fatores da tarefa foram os mais selecionados, seguidos pelo grupo demais grupos de fatores da organização e gerenciamento ou fatores da organização e gerenciamento das atividades / da produção. Problemas relacionados aos fatores do ambiente corresponderam ao quarto grupo mais relatado em todas as atividades como causas geradoras dos óbitos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The study evaluates the fatal industrial accidents analyzed by the Ministry of Labor and Employment in São Paulo's state, between 2001 to 2006 years. Distribute the accidents analyzed by the factor of immediate mortality and the causal factors for economic activity and size of company, in addition to classify the accident according to the phases of controlling risk of businesses defined by Michel Monteau. The main source of information used in this dissertation is the seat of analysis of accidents in the work of the Ministry of Labor and Employment, which is in the Federal System of Labor Inspection - IFCT, which records all the investigations carried out by the latter. We analyzed 534 occupational deaths recorded in the bank for analysis, which provided many details about the accident, as the immediate factor of mortality, the causes selected by analysts, description of events, among others. In the economic activities evaluated, namely, agriculture, industry, construction, trade and services, the following factors of mortality were associated in many cases the accidents: impact of object launched, projected or falling; fall during execution of services in roof; exposure to other lines of distribution and consumption of electric current and tight, harvested, crushed or compressed within or between objects. The causes related to accidents are organized by group, and the factors of the task were the most selected, followed by the other groups of the organization and management factors or factors of the organization and management of activities / production. Problems related to environmental factors were the fourth group most often reported in all activities as generating causes of the deaths. The types of Monteau to classify the stages of controlling risk of establishments showed that, among the cases examined, small businesses tend to have more... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre