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Fatal attraction is defined as those qualities which initially attract, but are later deemed unattractive and repellent. Fatal attraction has been predominantly examined and supported to exist in the area of romantic relationships. The current study extended a theory of love and applied this idea to work, and represents the first application of this concept in relation to careers. In Study 1, the fatal matches between attractive and unattractive qualities of jobs (e.g. ‘challenging’ fatally matched with ‘stressful’) were obtained. Study 2 asked 110 participants who had either left a job or were contemplating leaving it to complete a questionnaire in which they nominated attractive and unattractive qualities of the job. Study 1’s matches were used to examine whether fatal attraction to careers occurred. The results supported the existence of fatal attraction to jobs. Fatal attraction was found to vary significantly with occupation and the nature of the attractive quality sought in a job. These findings add to both the understanding of career and job decision processes; and the knowledge of fatal attraction as a construct. Further exploration is encouraged due to the relevance for both organisations and individuals.

Fatal attraction is defined as those qualities which initially attract, but are later deemed unattractive and repellent. Fatal attraction has been predominantly examined and supported to exist in the area of romantic relationships. The current study extended a theory of love and applied this idea to work, and represents the first application of this concept in relation to careers. In Study 1, the fatal matches between attractive and unattractive qualities of jobs (e.g. ‘challenging’ fatally matched with ‘stressful’) were obtained. Study 2 asked 110 participants who had either left a job or were contemplating leaving it to complete a questionnaire in which they nominated attractive and unattractive qualities of the job. Study 1’s matches were used to examine whether fatal attraction to careers occurred. The results supported the existence of fatal attraction to jobs. Fatal attraction was found to vary significantly with occupation and the nature of the attractive quality sought in a job. These findings add to both the understanding of career and job decision processes; and the knowledge of fatal attraction as a construct. Further exploration is encouraged due to the relevance for both organisations and individuals.

External cause injuries are defined as intentionally or unintentionally harm or injury to a person, which may be caused by trauma, poisoning, assault, accidents, etc., being fatal (fatal injury) or not leading to death (non-fatal injury). External injuries have been considered a global health problem for two decades. This work aims to determine criminal patterns using data mining techniques to a sample of patients from Mumbai city in India.

Increasing rates of self-injury in the United Kingdom coupled with the apparent lack of understanding, highlights a need for research to be conducted in this area. A dearth of research illuminating the experiences of self-cutting, together with increased awareness of the differences in perspective between people who self injure and professionals, also provides a rationale for this study. This study aims to explore the experiences of people who self-injure in order to identify and understand the processes involved in self-cutting, and develop a theory which aids this understanding. A grounded theory approach is used to meet the aim of the study, generating data through in-depth interviews with 10 people who engage in self-cutting. Participants shared their experiences of self-injury emphasising both the meaning and function of cutting for them, and the struggle they face living with the behaviour. Although the experiences of participants were unique to each individual, clear commonalities in experience emerged during data analysis and were explored with subsequent participants,in keeping with the grounded theory method. As data generation and analysis developed, the aim of the study became more focused, resulting in an exploration of the urge to self-injure and how people who engage in self-cutting respond to this urge. Findings relate to the core category, living with the urge and main categories of experience namely underlying urge, triggering the urge, satisfying the urge and resisting the urge. Discussion of the findings offers a substantive theory, asserting that people who self-injure face a paradox of finding it very difficult to live with self-cutting, while simultaneously facing the challenge of living without the behaviour. This paradox can be understood within the context of the core category, living with the urge, a process which begins before the participants start self injuring, continues while they are cutting, through to when they are trying to live without cutting. The discussion contributes knowledge relating to commonalties between self-cutting and the experience of addiction; issues for prevention; repetitive nature of cutting; the relationship between people who cut and their cutting tools; and ultimately highlights how difficult it is for the participants to break-free from the world of cutting. Implications of the findings for health and social care practitioners, and education and training are discussed, and recommendations for research are made.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:27:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao de Naira Rosana 2008.pdf: 5103895 bytes, checksum: a1685cf18807dc60dc6b465f8402539b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-13 / My study is about the representation of fatal woman narrative element in Pedro Almodóvar s movie Bad Education (2004). This element is composed by two characters: the transvestite Zahara and the actor Juan. These characters act as reflective points in the movie because they have transgression characteristics referring to the fatal woman, whose character was introduced in the narratives of detective stories from the literature in the hard-boiled American crime fiction that on the other hand influenced Americans noir films in the early of 1940s to 1950s. Almodóvar with inspired those movies to compose his neo-noir Bad Education and also to introduce this narrative element, fatal woman, innovating. My study focuses especially on the character Zahara, however, this is not a woman on the biological point of view, but a transvestite who is being staged in the film within the film by Juan, a reference to metalanguage movie. I refer the film noir context for the search and the emergence of women in fatal noir universe, treatment of construction of such characters in terms of language film and feminist research that connect gender, identity and queer theory, talking about the body, narrative and construction of the characters on the scene as points of discussion to subvert the narrative / Abordo neste estudo a representação do elemento narrativo mulher fatal no filme Má Educação (2004) de Pedro Almodóvar. Tal elemento está constituído em duas personagens: a travesti Zahara e o ator Juan. Essas personagens funcionam como pontos reflexivos no filme porque possuem características transgressoras, já que, remetem à mulher fatal, personagem que foi introduzida nas narrativas das histórias de detetive da literatura de ficção criminal americana, hard-boiled, e que influenciaram os filmes noirs americanos das décadas de 1940- 1950. Filmes que Almodóvar se inspira para compor seu neo-noir Má Educação e, também para inserir o elemento narrativo mulher fatal, inovando. Meu estudo foca especialmente, a personagem Zahara que não é uma mulher do ponto de vista biológico, mas, uma travesti que está sendo encenada no filme dentro do filme por Juan, numa referência à metalinguagem do cinema. Aponto o filme noir para contextualizar a pesquisa e o surgimento da mulher fatal no universo noir, trato da construção de tais personagens do ponto de vista da linguagem cinematográfica e de pesquisas feministas que arrolam gênero, identidade e teoria queer, dialogando a respeito do corpo, da narrativa e da construção das personagens em cena como pontos de reflexão que subvertem a narrativa

Master of Science / Department of Civil Engineering / Sunanda Dissanayake / One-ninth of all traffic fatalities in the United States (U.S.) in the past five years have involved large trucks, although large trucks contributed to only 3% of registered vehicles and 7% of vehicle miles traveled. This crash overrepresentation indicates that truck crashes in general tend to be more severe than other crashes, though they constitute a smaller portion of vehicles on the road. To study this issue, fatal crash data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) was used to analyze characteristics and factors contributing to truck-involved crashes. Driver, vehicle, and crash-related contributory causes were identified, and as an extension, the likelihood of occurrence of these contributory causes in truck-involved crashes (with respect to non-truck crashes) was evaluated using the Bayesian Statistical approach. Likelihood ratios indicated that factors such as stopped or unattended vehicles and improper following have greater probability of occurrence in truck crashes than in non-truck crashes. Also, Multinomial Logistic Regression was used to model the type of fatal crash (truck vs. non-truck) to compare the relative significance of various factors in truck and non-truck crashes. Factors such as cellular phone usage, failure to yield right of way, inattentiveness, and failure to obey traffic rules also have a greater probability in fatal truck crashes. Among several other factors, inadequate warning signs and poor shoulder conditions were also found to have greater predominance in contributing to truck crashes than non-truck crashes. By addressing these factors through the implementation of appropriate remedial measures, the truck safety experience could be improved, which would eventually help in improving overall safety of the transportation system.

Le terme Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) définit l’ensemble des perturbations observées dans la descendance de femme consommant de l’alcool durant leur grossesse. La variabilité des phénotypes du FASD suppose des mécanismes complexes de l’effet tératogène de l’alcool, et leur compréhension nécessite l'emploi d'une multiplicité de modèles animaux. A la lumière de ces modèles, quatre grands effets de l’alcoolisation d’un cerveau immature sont observés au niveau comportemental, avec des modifications de : (i) l’attention et la locomotion ; (ii) l’apprentissage et la mémoire ; (iii) du niveau de stress, d’anxiété et de dépression ; (iv) la sensibilité aux drogues. Le travail de cette thèse a porté à la fois sur les conséquences psycho-comportementales de l’alcoolisation fœtale et sur la possibilité de modulation de ces effets par des approches pharmacologique et/ou comportementale. Nous avons pour cela travaillé à partir de deux modèles murins d’alcoolisation précoce, le premier issu d’un protocole d’alcoolisation pré- et post-natale et le second correspondant à un protocole d’alcoolisation néonatale. Ce travail nous a permis tout d'abord d’établir que les rats pubères, précédemment alcoolisés en période pré- et post-natale, développaient un trouble hyperactif combiné à un déficit attentionnel. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons observé qu’un traitement par un agoniste des Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors contrecarrait l’apparition de ces troubles de l’activité locomotrice et des capacités attentionnelles. Enfin dans un troisième temps, nous avons tenté d’accentuer ces effets de l’alcoolisation d’un cerveau immature. Ainsi l’apparition d’un trouble mnésique n’a pu être observée que consécutivement à l’application successive, soit d’un protocole d’alcoolisation pré- et post-natale et d’un traitement amphétaminique à l’adolescence, soit d’un protocole d’alcoolisation néonatale et d’un protocole de perturbation de la rythmicité circadienne à l’âge adulte. Les deux principales conclusions de ce travail portent sur : (i) la modélisation, chez le rat, de certains symptômes décrits dans le FASD et (ii) la modulation des effets de l’alcoolisation précoce qui peuvent être contrecarrés ou aggravés. / The term Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) defines the set of foetal alcohol-induced alterations. The variability of FASD phenotypes may be due to the complex teratogenic effects of alcohol, and implies the use of multiple animal models to study them. In light of these models, the effects of alcohol on an immature brain have been shown to induce four major behavioural alterations: (i) attention and locomotion, (ii) learning and memory, (iii) Stress, anxiety and depression, (iv) drug sensitivity. Our work has focused on the consequences of foetal alcoholization to induce psycho-behavioural effects and their modulation. Using two rodent models of early alcohol exposure (by pre- and post-natal or neonatal alcoholization) we modulated the effects of alcohol by pharmacological or behavioural approaches. First, this work has allowed us to observe that early (pre-and post-natal) alcohol-exposed rats have a hyperactivity disorder combined with an attention deficit during puberty. Secondly we observed an improvement in those disorders treated by a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors agonist. Thirdly, we tried to accentuate the effects of alcohol on an immature brain. We showed that the use of an amphetamine treatment during puberty on rats under a pre-and post-natal alcoholic treatment, as well as disruption of the circadian rhythm in adulthood on rats under a neonatal alcoholic treatment, induced a memory disorder. The two main conclusions of this work are: (i) the ability to model some FASD symptoms in the rat; (ii) the modulation of these early alcohol effects that can be reversed or aggravated.

This thesis analyzes aggregated county-level data of fatal alcohol related traffic crashes where a driver was killed in the state of Texas during 1996 to 2005. Alcohol has constantly threatened drivers and passengers alike and continues to be a major cause of fatal crashes in Texas. Specifically, this paper targets those drivers that were killed while driving under the influence (0.01 BAC). With an increase in manageable data and the ease of availability of aggregated crash records, accident analysis can provide a closer look into trends such as spatial-temporal patterns, clustering and correlations to various factors. Furthermore, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have enabled researchers to more efficiently interpret and study a large amount of datasets using techniques that were previously difficult or inaccessible in applications related to traffic safety and transportation. Loose-coupling of GIS with other spatial analysis programs and/or statistical software packages can now provide important results that in turn relate vital information which can be used towards understanding and potentially alleviating problems in the transportation domain. The following sections concluded that aggregated datasets at the county level are currently incomplete and do not provide the level of detail necessary to formulate a solid conclusion regarding relationships between the chosen factors and the crash dataset. Though this research was successful in mapping spatial variations and clusters, linking variables such as age, gender, location and population to the aggregated crash dataset requires more detailed information about the crash than was available. However, the objectives were successful in representing spatial-temporal patterns across the study period for all designated variables. This was an important step and solid contribution towards the representation of large datasets and their impact on policy, traffic safety, and transportation geography.

abstract: Recent events in places such as Ferguson, Missouri, and Baltimore, Maryland, have focused the public's attention on citizen deaths during arrest encounters with officers in police departments across the United States. Riots and protests have broken out across the nation and resulted in a recent President's Task Force on 21st Century Policing to address some of these major issues. Arrest-related deaths (ARDs), however, are not a new phenomenon and have long generated controversy among the public. Despite the reoccurring nature of ARDs, no publicly available, central national registry of ARDs exists to allow for an in-depth analysis of such cases, as well as the development of training and policies to decrease police and citizen harms. In an effort to fill this gap, the current study conducts a retrospective, open-source, web-based search of media reports to explore the prevalence and nature of all types of ARDs that occurred through the United States in 2005 and 2006. The purpose of the study is to investigate ARDs, but to also assess the reliability of media reports as a source of data. The study finds that media reports are not adequate for identifying the prevalence of ARDs, but are useful when investigating circumstances surrounding deadly police-citizen encounters to an extent. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Criminology and Criminal Justice 2015