In 2015, Argentina witnessed an upsurge of feminist mobilization due to the rising numbers of feminicides, which motivated the foundation of Ni Una Menos and a broad feminist movement. The aim of the movement is to initiate measures against psychological manipulation, physical-, sexual- and institutional violence against women. Since the beginning of the movement, feminists have enabled mass mobilization which resulted in legislative changes regarding legal and free abortion. The studys’ purpose is to examine the strategies that have been crucial for the amplification of a large scale feminist activism, as well as the challenges faced when navigating social and political resistance in Argentina. This is carried out through semi-structured interviews with feminist activists from Buenos Aires, the data has been analyzed qualitatively, additionally with a phenomenological approach. The results from the interviews demonstrate a complexity of strategies and challenges, including the political context, societal actors, as well as the role of media. The feminist movement faces multiple obstacles such as the described political setback and exclusion of women in all societal levels, despite this, feminist activists continue to mobilize and fight for social justice.

This paper explores femicide and social movements impact on politics, a phenomenon where national, international and transnational politics overlap. The Mexican anti-femicide movement belongs to the global justice movement and struggle for women’s right to life. This study highlights the differences the movement faces even within a state, on the subnational level, through a comparative and theory developing case study. The variables of mobilization structure and political opportunity are examined in the three cases of the Mexican states Chihuahua, Yucatán and the Federal District. The study indicates the movement’s alliances and its connection between the local and international level in the post-2007 context. The hypothesis which connects the anti-femicide movement as part of the political opportunity on subnational level and varying rates of femicide is explored. The study concludes that the aspects of repression, threats of violence and impunity, aspect most prominent in Chihuahua, impact the anti-femicide movement and consequently femicide rates to some extent.

El origen de la violencia de género proviene de la normalización de concepciones retrogradas y mentalidades machistas que permiten el desarrollo de una sociedad donde los derechos humanos son parciales a un género. En el 2019, Perú alcanzó una cifra récord en feminicemos en una década respecto al resto de Latinoamérica. Para lo cual, San Juan de Lurigancho replica este patrón societario de violencia, siendo el distrito con mayor cantidad de feminicidios, violencia de género y embarazos infantiles en todo el país. Consecuentemente, el Centro de Apoyo Integral y Casa Refugio se emplazará en San Juan de Lurigancho, por ser el distrito que presenta mayor vulnerabilidad para las mujeres con el propósito de tratar de erradicar, prevenir y atender la violencia contra la mujer; a pesar de que, desde un punto de vista humanitario, este edificio no debería existir. La problemática de violencia de género no es simétrica. El 80% de las víctimas de agresiones psicológicas, físicas o sexuales son mujeres. Se tiene una sociedad que pone a las mujeres en un lugar de vulnerabilidad. Por ende, se plantea un proyecto que ayude a resguardar y proteger la integridad de estas mujeres resilientes y sus derechos humanos, a través, de arquitectura humanitaria que se desenvuelva alrededor de la priorización de bienestar psicológico, físico, emocional, educativo y económico. La complejidad de esta problemática se ve reflejado en las necesidades de los usuarios, por lo cual, se plantean tres estrategias proyectadas en el programa arquitectónico: apoyo preventivo, inmediato y reactivo. / The origin of gender violence is the normalization of retrograde conceptions and sexist mentalities, which allow the growth of a society where human rights are partial to one gender. In 2019, Peru reached the record of femicides in a decade compared to the rest of Latin America. For which, San Juan de Lurigancho replicates this societal pattern of violence, being the district with the highest number of femicides, gender violence and child pregnancies throughout the country. Consequently, the Integral Support Centre and Shelter Home will be in San Juan de Lurigancho, as it is the district that presents the greatest vulnerability for women with the purpose of trying to eradicate, prevent and address violence against women; even though, from a humanitarian point of view, this type of building should not exist. The gender violence problem is not symmetrical. 80% of the victims of psychological, physical, or sexual violence are women. As a result of having a society that puts women in a place of vulnerability. Hence, this project is one that helps safeguard and protect the integrity of these resilient women and their human rights, through humanitarian architecture that is developed around the prioritization of psychological, physical, emotional, educational, and economic well-being. The complexity of this problem is reflected in the needs of the users; therefore, three strategies are proposed in the architectural program: preventive, immediate and reactive support. These strategies respond to each type of need and, to prevent, act and respond to the circumstances of each woman. / Trabajo de investigación