<p>Nowadays, the service industry, especially banks, faces increasing competition. In such environment, differentiation is necessary. The general purpose of this thesis is to understand how a bank can achieve differentiation based on a marketing approach. Two research questions will respectively examine the three additional P’s of the marketing mix (People, Presentation or Physical Evidence and Process) and the Customer Relationship Management as possible differentiators. To fulfill the purpose, the authors of the thesis introduce an extended model of the CRM concept, including the three additional P’s. Further, the researchers of the thesis interview the four major banks in Sweden SEB, Svenska Handelsbanken, FöreningsSparbanken and Nordea, to test their model. After an analysis of the interviews, the authors come to the conclusion that the extended model of the CRM concept is actually used as a differentiator. However, as the four major Swedish banks have a similar strategy; it then appears really difficult to differentiate to a large extent.</p>

Magister Legum - LLM / South Africa

The principal aim of the thesis is to analyze specific issues of financial service firms in comparison with nonfinancial firms, and to explain how to determine the intristic value of a stock using the fundamental analysis. The particular macroeconomic, industrial and business factors influencing the intristic value of a stock are desribed in detail with the emphasis on the distinctions of financial service firms. A separate chapter is focused on particular methods suitable for determining the intristic value of a financial service firm's stock. The applied section analyzes all the components of the fundamental analysis in detail using Komerční banka's stock as an example. Consequently, the intristic value of the stock is calculated by means of available methods with the decision whether the market pricing is correct.

Thesis (MSc. (Agricultural Extension)) -- University of Limpopo, 2015. / Financial Services cooperatives are member based financial institutions formed, owned and controlled by members to provide financial services to their members. The concept of cooperative banking is new in South Africa and it is promoted to address financial services needs of the rural poor who would otherwise have no means of accessing financial services and use from formal banks. The study was undertaken to determine members perceptions towards financial services co-operatives in Lehurutshe, Lothlakane, Motswedi, Kraaipan and Disaneng FSC’s in the Ngaka Modiri Molemo District of North West Province. Population included 236 participants who were selected using non-probability purposive and convenience sampling method. Different data collection methods, namely, Focus group discussion, Product attribute ranking, Likert-scale and questionnaires were used. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) computer program and presented in descriptive statistics percentages and tables. The study revealed that FSC’s members were satisfied with services and products that were offered in the cooperatives; however issues of governance, fiduciary, regulatory and member participation require immediate attention. Recommendations to strengthen the regulatory framework for FSCs and FSCs’ institutional capacity were made.

This master´s thesis presents factoring as one of the tools of active interaction of credit risk, which creates new chances of supplier’s access to financial resources. The thesis proves the advisability of this modern way of financing in the selected company. Advisability is assessed by comparing the costs of factoring with its contributions. At the conclusion, other possible ways of improvement of present company’s credit management are suggested, that the would contribute to general transparation of the administration and debt collection.

The emergence of new digital financial technologies such as Blockchain technology,  has brought about new challenges and disruptions to the financial service industry. Despite its transformative potential, the problem is that its adoption has been hesitant and sporadic. The perception of blockchain technology plays a crucial role in its potential adoption within the financial service industry. Thus, this thesis delves deeper into these perceptions by employing a qualitative research approach influenced by the Technology Organization Environment (TOE) Model. Multiple interviews were conducted with industry experts in the financial service industry to gather a variety of viewpoints. While the views on specific characteristics of blockchain technology differed among the participants, there was a general view on the positive future possibilities of the technology. An understanding of the perception of blockchain technology was established, where the perception was a mix of optimism and caution. Despite the varied opinions, the study’s conclusion is that blockchain technology has a promising future within the financial service industry. However, the shape and form of its integration within companies is a subject of debate. The paper suggests that to fully harness BT’s potential, financial institutions should take a more proactive approach to adoption where they seek to understand and perceive blockchain technology for what it is without overvaluing the negative stigma that currently revolves around the technology.

No description available.

隨著資訊科技的發達，加速了各國間的往來機會，除了基於比較利益的觀點促進合作之外，自由貿易的推行往往又因各國或基於國家安全、或保護其國內幼稚產業、或平衡國際收支、或是維護其國家主權，而受到阻礙，因此各種基於政治或經濟目的的合作組織應運而生。而「關稅暨貿易總協定」(GATT)，則以確保關稅談判之成果，並以跨國間合作機構的形象，扮演著衝突的協調角色。 　　由於近年來，中共在國際上刻意孤立台灣，使得台灣和各大工業國幾無任何正式邦交，諮商多靠片面允諾，並造成我國常被要求須遵守GATT的各項規範及協議，但是對於我國業者在國際市場所受到的不公平，或是歧視對待，皆申訴無門。同時，國內許多產業，由於受到政策的保護，一旦面對貿易障礙解除，勢必將面臨進口產品激增及低價傾銷之威脅。此外長期受到政府嚴格管制的金融服務業，更面臨了一場空前的挑戰。因此，如何適時修正不符合GATT的國內法規、如何調整金融服務業發展策略、以及如何運用承諾表的功能以利於我國加入GATT，皆為本研究的研究動機。 　　基於上節研究動機，本論文研究的主要目的如下： 　　1. 探討目前關貿總協（世界貿易組織）及其他相關國際組織對金融服務業有哪些規範。 　　2. 國內現存相關法規對金融服務業之規範以及應如何調整現存政策以符合入關之要求。 　　3. 瞭解目前國內金融服務業的現況以及在調整的過程中，會對國內金融服務業產生何種代價及帶來哪些效益。 　　4. 針對國內金融服務業，詢問對國內修改的法規有何看法、要如何去調整現存的政策，及因應這股巨大的國際化、自由化的趨勢。 　　本研究方法採文獻探討、問卷調查及實地訪談三部分，研究對象為金融服務業，包括了銀行、證券及保險三個次業別。使用統計檢定方法，檢定金融服務業對各開放措施的態度，在不同公司特性上、次業別上是否有無顯著差異；金融服務業對各因應措施的平均重視程度，在不同公司特性上、次業別上是否有無顯著差異；以及國外、國內業者對各開放措施的態度和因應措施的平均重視程度上、是否有無顯著差異。 　　經由本研究結果分析，獲得以下主要八點結論： 　　1. 銀行、證券及保險業對共同五項的開放措施都有相近的看法。 　　2. 三業別平均而言，給予重要性在4.5以上的因應措施有：加強人員專業訓練、服務品質及加強資產負債管理。 　　3. 認為比較不重要的因應措施為：利用增資、購併，朝向多功能企業發展、增設海外據點，以及參照他國先例，加強與主管機關聯繫。 　　4. 三業別中，具統計顯著差異的為建立企業新形象：保險業對於建立新形象，普遍遠高於銀行及證券業。 　　5. 就國內及國外業者統計分析中，有顯著差異的為國外業者較重視「加強資產負債管理」之因應措施。 　　6. 在銀行業的開放措施申，對開放OBU吸收境內外匯存款，贊成比率佔七成以上；對開放基層機構強制性轉存款等措施，有九成贊成比率；開放銀行國外負債餘額及外匯買賣超部位限制，約有六成多贊成；而開放非銀行之金融服務公司之設立：有六成以上是持反對意見；開放OBU之設立及業務限制：有85%以上的贊成比率。 　　7. 證券業中，對開放證券商參與期貨業務：贊成者有77%以上；約有六成的比率贊成今年年初外資開放的措施及開放投信基金的投資範圍；對提高國外對國內證券商持股比率；約有九成贊成；引進國外優良企業來台發行有價證券，並上市上櫃：約有85%以上的贊成；開放國外個人及法人直接投資國內證券市場，則約有九成贊成。 　　8. 保險業中，對開放美國以外之保險公司來台設立：約有八成的業者贊成；對開放保險資金運用範圍之限制，則回答者亦有一致贊成的答案；開放其他組織型態之保險公司，約有八成五回答者贊成此措施；降低國外保險業設立標準；約只有23%的業者贊成；設立專屬保險公司並有較低之限制：亦只有過半數的業者贊成，國外業者有較高的贊成比率。統計上有顯著差異者為：成立年數愈少的業者，愈重視其形象。

互聯網金融是一個比較新興的概念，也是一個充滿未知，充滿想像空間的概念，其興起有其獨特的背景。這些背景中，有些是全球性的，有些則為中國大陸所特有。 本文藉由相關的一些文獻回顧，並結合一些數據分析趨勢，以中國大陸的互聯網金融為主要研究對象，結合相關論文和期刊的觀點，同時也結合網路上以及電視節目裡一些專家學者的觀點，將這些加以整合，並結合我自己對互聯網金融的一些看法，讓大家對互聯網金融有個整體的瞭解，瞭解整體的框架。 本文探討了互聯網金融的基本概念，特點分別是成本和邊際成本低，效率高能夠充分而快速地抵達潛在客戶，但以小微客戶為主，覆蓋廣，發展迅速，但淘汰率快，監管弱，風險大，市場格局可能發展成寡頭市場。本文也探討了互聯網金融的幾個典型誤區，分別是互聯網金融就是電子化，將一些傳統的金融業務從線下搬到線上就是互聯網金融，不細分客戶，所有客戶都通過互聯網來服務。 本文將互聯網金融分8個模式進行探討，分別是第三方支付，P2P，眾籌融資，互聯網貨幣，大數據金融，互聯網金融門戶，互聯網理財產品，資訊化金融機構，並分別論述這8個模式對傳統金融的影響，並進行中美兩國互聯網金融的對比，預測互聯網金融未來的趨勢。 / Internet financial service is a relatively new concept, an unknown concept and a concept full of imagination. It has special backgrounds. Some are global, and some are unique in China. This paper mostly focuses on the Internet financial services in China. This article combines the view of some papers and magazines, and the paper also combines the view of some experts on TV and on the Internet. But some of this view is not so proper in my point. So I combine this view with my own opinion. I wish that the readers will have a simple understanding of the Internet banking from my paper. This paper discusses the basic concepts of Internet banking. The characteristics are low cost and low marginal cost, high efficiency. The main customers usually do not have too much asset. It has wide coverage, develops rapidly. Its attrition rate is fast. It has weak supervision , high risk and the market may develop into oligopolistic market structure. This article also discusses some typical errors of understanding of Internet banking. The first one is that Internet banking is just electronic. The second one is that moving the traditional financial business from offline to online is the Internet banking. The third one is to use the Internet to service all the customers with no customer segments. This article will discuss the 8 modes of Internet banking, which are third-party payment, P2P, crowd funding, Internet currency, big data finance, Internet banking portals, Internet financial products, information oriented financial institution. And this paper also discusses these eight models’ impact on traditional finance. This paper compares the differences between Chinese and American Internet financial services. At last, the paper predicts the future trends of Internet financial services。

政府將金融中心列為亞太營運六大中心之一，由此可知，金融服務業在未來台灣經濟發展的重要性將逐漸增加，而且不論國內外，金融服務業皆有集團化的趨勢，因此，本研究希望能夠透過實務上的觀察，詳實記錄下金融服務業相關多角化的成長過程，藉以瞭解資源累積的循環過程及多角化成長歷程會遭遇的困難，希望能對集團的成長過程能有較細緻的解釋，並對金融服務業的未來成長提供一個參考。 　　本研究從哈佛大學企業史教授Chandler所著的“Scale and Scope”中的觀念出發，透過文獻的探討，加入交易成本及資源基礎的觀點，以核心資源為中心概念，觀察企業的成長歷程中核心資源的累積及移轉的狀況。 　　本研究的主要發現如下： 　　一、金融服務業可以人才招募及訓練、日常營運累積、高階人際網路及合作關係等方式累積資源，以達規模經濟。 　　二、根據核心資源的相似性，可將金融服務業區分為保險事業群、證券事業群及商業銀行等三群。 　　三、金融服務業間可移轉的資源具有兩種特質：高外溢效果及高交易成本。 　　四、資源外溢效果及交易成本的高低決定潛在範疇經濟利益大小，而組織協調能力及專業能力的高低，則決定企業所能實現潛在經濟利益的大小。 　　五、金融集團可以透過組織及管理設計，克服相關多角化的困難，實現範疇經濟。 　　觀察結果顯示核心資源的特性、組織協調能力及專業能力都會影響企業相關多角化所能實現範疇經濟的程度，值得有心進行相關多角化的企業作為參考。