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Covid-19 medförde storskalig övergång till studier och arbete på distans. Fysiska möten ersattes av digitala möten. Syftet var att undersöka inverkan av personlighet och situationsuppfattning på nivån av engagemang under digitala möten. Totalt 149 studenter och förvärvsarbetande, varav 98 kvinnor och 51 män, besvarade en enkät som mätte självskattad nivå av engagemang i relation till situationsperception (RSQ-8*) och personlighetsdrag (Big Five). Den genomsnittliga engagemangsnivån under digitala möten motsvarade cirka 71%. Äldre deltagare skattade engagemanget högre än yngre och förvärvsarbetande högre än studenter. Uppfattningen om digitala möten som en positiv situation var en genomgående signifikant prediktor för högre nivåer av engagemang. Regressionsanalyser visade att av totalt 38% förklarad variation i engagemang under digitala möten, svarade personlighet för 8% och situationsperception för 21%. Bakgrundsvariablerna kön, ålder och sysselsättning svarade för resterande 9%. Framtida studier uppmanas undersöka interaktionseffekten mellan personlighet och situationsperception på engagemang, samt beteendeutfall när fysiska situationer ersätts av digitala alternativ.

The control of asthma is a very important part of an asthmatic's life. Decreasing control can lead to asthma attacks, which can be fatal. For this reason, the researchers have set out to create an instrument to measure control of asthma, and have suggested five possible instruments. Before an instrument can be used, it must be shown to be reliable, valid, and responsive. Reliability will be shown using various intraclass correlation coefficients, depending on the model being used for the data. Construct validity will be shown by how well the instrument's correlation coefficients with other instruments correspond to a priori predictions. Responsiveness will be shown by three methods, t tests comparing the change in changers and stable subjects, a responsiveness index, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. All five instruments are shown to be highly reliable. No conclusions can be drawn as of yet about the validity, as the a priori predictions have yet to made. For all three methods of assessing responsiveness, the five instruments were ranked identically. In choosing the best instrument, no final decisions can be made, as validity has yet to be shown, but at this time it appears as though the simplest instrument (involving only five questions on the patient's asthma symptoms asked at a visit to a clinic) is also the best as it has high reliability and is highly responsive. / Thesis / Master of Science (MS)

Yes / Trait inferences occur routinely and rapidly during social interaction, sometimes based on scant or fleeting information. In this research, participants (perceivers) made inferences of targets' big‐five traits after briefly watching or listening to an unfamiliar target (a third party) performing various mundane activities (telling a scripted joke or answering questions about him/herself or reading aloud a paragraph of promotional material). Across three studies, when perceivers judged targets to be either low or high in one or more dimensions of the big‐five traits, they tended to be correct, but they did not tend to be correct when they judged targets as average. Such inferences seemed to vary in effectiveness across different trait dimensions and depending on whether the target's behaviour was presented either in a video with audio, a silent video, or just in an audio track—perceivers generally were less often correct when they judged targets as average in each of the big‐five traits across various information channels (videos with audio, silent videos, and audios). Study 3 replicated these findings in a different culture. We conclude with discussion of the scope and the adaptive value of this trait inferential ability.

No / Purpose ¿ To examine the psychometric properties and construct validity of the general decision making style (GDMS) questionnaire in two UK samples. Design/methodology/approach ¿ The GDMS takes the form of a self-report questionnaire which identifies five decision making styles: rational, intuitive, dependent, avoidant, and spontaneous. It was administered to samples of business studies undergraduates in two UK business schools. Analyses included scale reliabilities, test-re-test reliability, and both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Findings ¿ The instrument's internal and temporal consistencies were generally sound. Consistent with earlier studies, analyses undertaken on the two samples independently were generally supportive of a five factor model of decision making style. No relationships with gender or year of study were observed.