LEAFY (LFY) est un facteur de transcription unique et très conservé chez les plantes terrestres. Il contrôle le développement floral chez les angiospermes (plantes à fleurs), mais son rôle est encore mal connu chez toutes les autres plantes terrestres à l'exception de la mousse Physcomitrella patens où l'orthologue de LFY (PpLFY) est requis pour la première division cellulaire du zygote. PpLFY ne reconnaît pas les mêmes séquences d'ADN que LFY d'Arabidopsis thaliana, malgré la très forte conservation de leurs domaines de liaison à l'ADN. LFY semble donc avoir changé de propriétés au cours de l'évolution ; l'objectif de ma thèse a été de déterminer si de tels changements s'étaient produits fréquemment chez les plantes terrestres, et de comprendre leur origine et leur impact sur la régulation des gènes cibles de LFY. Pour cela, j'ai étudié la spécificité de liaison à l'ADN des orthologues de LFY chez les grands groupes de plantes terrestres par des expériences de SELEX, et cette spécificité s'est révélée très fortement conservée, excepté dans le cas de PpLFY. Ces résultats nous ont permis de construire un modèle biophysique performant pour prédire la liaison de LFY à l'échelle génomique, ce que nous avons appliqué à l'étude de l'évolution de la régulation de quelques gènes clés par LFY. Nous avons ainsi pu prédire la régulation du gène floral AGAMOUS par LFY chez différentes espèces angiospermes, et nous avons pu montrer que LFY régulait très vraisemblablement les orthologues des gènes d'identité florale chez les gymnospermes, c'est-à-dire avant l'apparition de la fleur. La divergence de spécificité de PpLFY nous a poussés à étudier les gènes cibles de PpLFY : pour cela, j'ai initié des approches bioinformatiques et expérimentales chez P. patens. Enfin, pour comprendre comment ce changement de spécificité s'est déroulé au cours de l'évolution, nous nous sommes penchés sur l'ancêtre de LFY et avons découvert que LFY était déjà présent chez les algues vertes. Des études pour déterminer la spécificité ancestrale de LFY chez ces espèces ont été initiées. / LEAFY (LFY) is a unique transcription factor, highly conserved within land plants. LFY directly regulates a set of genes participating in floral development in angiosperms (flowering plants), but its role in the other groups of land plants is unknown, except in the moss Physcomitrella patens where the LFY ortholog (PpLFY) regulates the first cell division in the zygote. PpLFY does not bind to the same DNA sequences as LFY from Arabidopsis thaliana, in spite of the very high degree of conservation of their DNA binding domains. Thus, it appears that the properties of LFY have changed during evolution ; the goal of my thesis was to find out if such changes had occurred frequently in land plants, and what are their origins and consequences on target genes regulation. I performed SELEX experiments on LFY orthologs from all land plants, which revealed that their DNA binding specificty was highly conserved, except in the case of PpLFY. These results allowed us to build an accurate biophysical model to predict LFY binding on DNA fragments at a genomic level, which we applied on the evolution of the regulation of key target genes by LFY. We were able to predict the regulation of the floral gene AGAMOUS by LFY in various angiosperm species, et we could also show that LFY was very likely regulating gymnosperm orthologs of genes involved in floral organ identity, even before the appearance of the flower. The change in DNA binding specificity observed for PpLFY led us to study more precisely the consequences of this change for the regulation of target genes : for this, I initiated bioinformatic and experimental work in P. patens. Finally, to understand how this change in DNA binding specificity had occurred during evolution, we looked for the ancestor of LFY and found out that LFY already existed in green algae. We are currently investigating the ancestral specificity of LFY in these species.

Submitted by Ana Paula Pancieri (appancieri@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-04-26T15:19:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Pancieri_AP__Terapia_floral__ significado_da_participação_em_pesquisa_clínica_para_ansiosos_com_sobrepeso_ou_obesidade.pdf: 2093576 bytes, checksum: e630d6c86e93f9aa2ae171d5eb2bb8de (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sulamita Selma C Colnago null (sulamita@btu.unesp.br) on 2018-04-26T20:16:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pancieri_ap_me_bot_int.pdf: 2093576 bytes, checksum: e630d6c86e93f9aa2ae171d5eb2bb8de (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-26T20:16:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pancieri_ap_me_bot_int.pdf: 2093576 bytes, checksum: e630d6c86e93f9aa2ae171d5eb2bb8de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-27 / A Organização Mundial da Saúde reconhece a importância das práticas integrativas e complementares em saúde e recomenda que estudos sejam realizados para o avanço deste modo de cuidar, como é o caso do ensaio clínico randomizado, uma poderosa ferramenta para avaliação de intervenções na área da saúde. Dentre as práticas, surge a terapia floral como parte de um campo de terapias vibracionais, de características não invasivas, simples e naturais, que atuam curando e harmonizando sem que haja a possibilidade de efeitos colaterais e incompatibilidade com outros tratamentos. Desta forma, o objetivo desse estudo é compreender a experiência do participante de uma pesquisa clínica, que teve como intervenção a terapia floral, para ansiedade de indivíduos com sobrepeso ou obesidade. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, vinculado ao projeto intitulado “Efetividade da terapia floral na ansiedade de adultos com sobrepeso ou obesidade”. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma Instituição Pública de Saúde com 42 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, no período de junho a novembro de 2016. A coleta de dados foi realizada após o término da participação na pesquisa clínica originária, por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada. O referencial teórico que alicerça essa pesquisa são as publicações de Edward Bach. Para organização e análise dos dados qualitativos foi adotado como referencial metodológico a Análise de Conteúdo segundo Bardin, resultando em duas categorias que emergiram dos discursos dos participantes: “Significado da participação na pesquisa clínica” e “Percepção sobre a ação da terapêutica utilizada”. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram a intenção dos participantes na busca por alternativas naturais para auxiliar o controle da ansiedade e obesidade, e mostram que conseguiram atingir o autocontrole na alimentação e nas relações pessoais. Essa busca se consolida principalmente pelo benefício que observaram durante o uso da terapia complementar para si mesmo ou nos indivíduos do seu círculo de relações. Os participantes identificaram na terapia floral autoconhecimento e tranqüilidade, pois passaram a compreender melhor as pequenas alterações que aconteceram com seu corpo, inclusive na qualidade do sono e na compulsão alimentar. O equilíbrio das emoções e sintomas ansiosos relatados demonstra que os participantes foram capazes de enfrentar com sucesso suas decepções passadas que causavam sofrimento, mostrando a efetividade da terapia floral neste contexto. Este estudo contribui para uma melhor perspectiva de participação em estudos clínicos com terapia floral e placebo, pois no reconhecimento de suas possibilidades, a aceitação da terapia floral pela comunidade e profissionais de saúde pode tornar-se facilitada. Além disso, os resultados positivos destes estudos motivam para maior adesão e busca por conhecimento sobre as práticas integrativas e complementares em saúde e direcionam indivíduos e profissionais de saúde a novos caminhos para a melhoria na qualidade de vida dos seres humanos. / The World Health Organization acknowledges the importance of integrative and complementary health practices and recommends that studies are carried out to advance them, using, for example, randomized clinical trials, powerful tool to evaluate health interventions. Among these practices, floral therapy emerges in the field of vibrational therapies, with simple and natural non-invasive characteristics that heals and harmonizes without side-effects or incompatibility to other treatments. Thus, the objective of this study was to understand the experience of overweight or obese anxious individuals in participating of a clinical research trial that used floral therapy as health intervention. This is a qualitative study linked to the project entitled "Effectiveness of floral therapy on anxiety of overweight or obese adults". Forty-two overweight and obese individuals of both sexes were enrolled in this study between June and November of 2016 for a semi-structured interview after termination of the primary clinical trial conducted in an institute of public health. Data collected from interviews were qualitatively organized and analyzed according to Content Analysis from Bardin, separated in two categories that emerged from participants' speeches: “Meaning of participating in a clinical research trial” and “Perception of the action of the therapy used”. Publications from Edward Bach were used as theoretical basis for this study. Results showed that overweight or obese anxious individuals sought natural alternatives to control their anxiety and obesity, and they managed to achieve self-control during meals and in personal relationships, which was mainly strengthened by the benefits observed in their own or in people of their circle of relationships. The participants identified in floral therapy self-knowledge and tranquility, as they could better understand the small changes happening to their bodies, including sleep quality and compulsive feeding behavior. Reported equilibrium in emotions and anxiety indicates that participants were able to successfully face previous disappointments that caused sorrow, in which floral therapy revealed to be effective on. This study contributes to the perspective of participating in clinical research trials involving floral therapy and placebo, once deeper knowledge on floral therapy can facilitate it to be accepted as medical treatment by potential patients and health professionals. In addition, results of this study encourage supporting integrative and complementary health practices, directing patients and health professionals to novel alternatives to improve quality of life.

Le nombre de siliques par plante et le nombre de graines par silique sont les composantes du rendement du colza d'hiver qui présentent la plus grande variabilité. La production d'une graine résulte de la combinaison de plusieurs processus physiologiques, à savoir la formation des ovules et des grains de pollen, la fécondation des ovules et le développement de jeunes embryons. Un problème survenu à n’importe quelles des étapes peut entraîner l’avortement de graines ou de la silique. Le nombre potentiel d'ovules par silique et le nombre graines arrivant la maturité dépendraient de la position du dans l'architecture de plante et le temps de son apparition, mais le mode complexe de développement de colza rend difficile l’analyse des causes et effets.Dans cette étude, la variabilité des composantes du rendement suivantes est étudiée: (a) nombre d’ovules par silique, (b) nombre de graines par silique, et (c) nombre de siliques par axe en fonction d’une part, l’emplacement de la fleur dans l'inflorescence, et la position de cette dernière sur la tige, et l’autre part, le temps d'apparition de la silique, qui affectent la disponibilité d'assimilats. Basé sur les processus biologiques de la fertilité des fleurs, un modèle probabiliste est développé pour simuler le développement des graines. Le nombre de grains de pollen par fleur peut être déduit par le modèle et ainsi que les facteurs qui influent le rendement.Des expériences de terrain ont été menées en 2008 et 2009. Le nombre et la position des fleurs qui s'épanouissaient dans l'inflorescence ont été enregistrés sur la base des observations tous les deux à trois jours pendant la saison de floraison. Différents états trophiques ont été créés par tailler de la tige principale ou des ramifications à étudier l'effet de l'assimilation de la compétition.Les résultats montrent que la quantité d’assimilâtes disponibles a été le principal déterminant de la production de graines et de siliques. La répartition d’assimilâtes a été sensiblement affectée par l’emplacement de silique au sein d’une inflorescence et la location de l’inflorescence sur la tige colza. En outre, le paramètre de la distribution du nombre de pollen a indiqué que la production de graines pourrait être limitée par la pollinisation. La réduction de la viabilité des ovules pourrait entraîner la diminution du nombre de siliques et le nombre de graines par silique à l’extrémité de l'inflorescence. Le modèle proposé pourrait être un outil pour étudier la stratégie de l'amélioration du rendement des plantes à fleurs / The number of pods per plant and the number of seeds per pod are the most variable yield components in winter oilseed rape (WOSR). The production of a seed is the combination of several physiological processes, namely formation of ovules and pollen grains, fertilization of the ovules and development of young embryos, any problem in these processes may result in seed abortion or pod abortion. Both the number of ovules per pod and the potential for the ovule to develop into a mature seed may depend on pod position in the plant architecture and time of appearance. The complex developmental pattern of WOSR makes it difficult to analyse.In this study, we first investigate the variability of the following yield components (a) ovules/pod, (b) seeds/pod, and (c) pods/axis in relation to two explanatory variables. These two variables include (1) flower and inflorescence position and (2) time of pod appearance, linked to the effect of assimilate availability. Based on the biological phenomena of flower fertility, we developed a probabilistic model to simulate the number of ovules per ovary and seeds per pod. The model can predict the number of pollen grains per flower and distinguish the factors that influence the yield. Field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009. The number and position of flowers that bloomed within the inflorescence were recorded based on observations every two to three days throughout the flowering season. Different trophic states were created by clipping the main stem or ramifications to investigate the effect of assimilate competition.The results indicate that the amount of available assimilates was the primary determinant of pod and seed production. The distribution of resources was significantly affected by both the positions of pods within an inflorescence and the position of inflorescences within a plant in WOSR. In addition, model estimation for distribution parameter of pollen grain number indicated that pollination limitation could influence the seed production. Furthermore, the ovule viability could result in the decrease of the number of pods and the number of seeds per pod at the distal position of inflorescence. The model of flower fertility could be a tool to study the strategy of improving seed yield in flowering plants

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O cultivo de girassol e pimenta como plantas ornamentais envasadas vem se destacando na floricultura por serem produtos inovadores e de grande atratividade, fazendo-se inÃdito a produÃÃo e conduÃÃo de pesquisas com estas espÃcies nas condiÃÃes climÃticas de Fortaleza e CearÃ. Visando a manipulaÃÃo da arquitetura de plantas, na busca de menores alturas e adequados aspectos ornamentais para o cultivo em vasos faz-se necessÃrio a utilizaÃÃo de substÃncias redutoras de crescimento e de substratos para sua produÃÃo. Dentre deste foco, foram realizados dois experimentos com o objetivo de avaliar, nas condiÃÃes climÃticas de Fortaleza, o efeito de trÃs aplicaÃÃes de diferentes concentraÃÃes do redutor de crescimento daminozide em plantas de pimenta e girassol ornamental em vasos contendo como substratos fibra de cÃco (FC) e areia. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em casa de vegetaÃÃo e distribuÃdos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado seguindo um esquema fatorial 2x5 constituÃdo por dois tipos de substrato (FC e areia) e cinco concentraÃÃes de daminozide (0 (controle), 2, 4, 6 e 8 g.L-1 ) na qual foram aplicadas por trÃs vezes a intervalos quinzenais. Referente ao experimento com pimenta ornamental, a primeira aplicaÃÃo do regulador foi realizada aos 25 DAS, no qual foram analisadas as seguintes variÃveis: Ãndice relativo de clorofila (spad) e trocas gasosas foliares, aos 80 DAS, altura da planta (cm), diÃmetro do caule (mm), massa seca (g) de folhas, caules, raÃzes e frutos, Ãrea foliar (cmÂ), razÃo de Ãrea foliar (cmÂ.g-1), Ãrea foliar especÃfica (cmÂ.g-1), razÃo raiz parte Ãrea, nÃmero, largura, comprimento (mm), relaÃÃo comprimento/largura dos frutos, aos 83 DAS. No experimento com girassol, a primeira aplicaÃÃo foi realizada aos 15 DAS, sendo analisadas as variÃveis: Ãndice relativo de clorofila (spad) e trocas gasosas foliares, aos 37 DAS, altura da planta (cm), diÃmetro do caule (mm), diÃmetro interno do capÃtulo (mm), dias da semeadura atà a antese, nÃmero de capÃtulos por planta, massa seca de folhas, caules e raÃzes (g), Ãrea foliar (cmÂ), razÃo de Ãrea foliar (cmÂ.g-1), Ãrea foliar especÃfica (cmÂ.g-1) e razÃo raiz parte Ãrea, aos 53 DAS.Tanto para pimenta quanto para girassol as concentraÃÃes do regulador foram eficientes em reduzir o porte das plantas nos dois substratos utilizados, notando que as plantas cultivadas na areia mostraram-se com menor altura, vigor e desenvolvimento em relaÃÃo as plantas na FC. Verificou-se em plantas de pimenta que o aumento das concentraÃÃes causou aumentos no diÃmetro de seus caules, reduÃÃo no nÃmero, largura e comprimento dos frutos, em sua Ãrea foliar, aumento na espessura de suas folhas, na qual apresentaram-se com coloraÃÃo verde intensa. Houve interaÃÃo significativa entre substratos e concentraÃÃes de daminozide na condutÃncia estomÃtica das pimenteiras, sendo sua transpiraÃÃo e fotossÃntese lÃquida influenciadas apenas pelas concentraÃÃes do regulador. Em plantas de girassol verificou-se que com o aumento das concentraÃÃes houve reduÃÃes no diÃmetro de seus caules, no diÃmetro interno dos capÃtulos, atrasos em sua antese, folhas mais espessas e com verde mais intenso e reduÃÃes em sua Ãrea foliar. CondutÃncia estomÃtica, transpiraÃÃo e fotossÃntese lÃquida nas plantas de girassol sofreram apenas efeito dos substratos, no qual plantas cultivadas fibra de coco apresentaram maior atividade fotossintÃtica. / The culture of sunflower and pepper as potted ornamental plants has been highlighted in flower farming by being innovative products of great attractiveness. And there is no record on the production and researches with these species under climatic conditions of Fortaleza and Cearà State. Aiming the manipulation of plant architecture and the search for species with lower heights and suitable ornamental traits for the culture in pots it is necessary to use growth-reducing substances and substrates that maximize their production. With this, two experiments were performed with the purpose to evaluate, under the climatic conditions of Fortaleza, the effect of three applications of different levels of the growth regulator daminozide in ornamental plants of pepper and sunflower in pots containing coconut fiber (FC) and sand. The experiments were conducted in greenhouse and distributed into a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme 2x5 composed of two types of substrate (FC and sand) and five levels of daminozide (0 (control), 2, 4, 6 and 8 g.L-1) in which were applied three times at fortnightly intervals. In relation to the ornamental pepper, the first application of the regulator was performed at 25 DAS, being analyzed the following variables: relative chlorophyll index (spad) and leaf gas exchange, at 80 DAS, plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), dry matter (g) of leaf, stem, root, and fruit, leaf area (cmÂ), leaf area ratio (cmÂ.g-1), specific leaf area (cmÂ.g-1), dry root: dry shoot ratio, number, width, length (mm) and length:width ratio of fruits , at 83 DAS. In the experiment with the sunflower, the first application was made at 15 DAS, being analyzed the variables: relative chlorophyll index and leaf gas exchange, at 37 DAS, plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), internal diameter of the head (mm), days from sowing to anthesis, number of head per plant, dry matter of leaf, stem and root (g), leaf area (cmÂ), leaf area ratio (cmÂ.g-1), specific leaf area (cmÂ.g1), dry root: dry shoot ratio, at 53 DAS. Both for pepper and sunflower, the levels of the growth regulator were effective to reduce the size of the plants in the two substrates, but in the sand, the plants have had lower height, vigor and development compared with the plants on the FC. In pepper plants, increased levels led to increased stem diameter, reduction in the number, width and length of fruit, in leaf area, increase in leaf thickness, which had intense green color. A significant interaction was detected between the substrates and the levels of daminozide in the stomatal conductance of pepper plants, and the transpiration rate and net photosynthesis were only influenced by the levels of the growth regulator. In sunflower plants, higher levels caused reduction in stem diameter, in internal diameter of head, late anthesis, thicker leaves with intense green color, and reduced leaf area. Stomatal conductance, transpiration, and net photosynthesis of sunflower plants were only affected by substrates, with the plants grown on FC presenting a higher photosynthetic rate.

Este trabalho traz como objeto o fenômeno da concentração geográfica e setorial de empresas, cuja importância na criação de vantagens competitivas para as empresas e para o desenvolvimento regional tem sido estudada e relatada na literatura. Considerando-se a importância dos agronegócios no contexto socioeconômico nacional, associado à importância crescente da floricultura neste setor e a lacuna na literatura no que concerne a esse tipo de arranjo empresarial no contexto dos agronegócios, optou-se pelo desenvolvimento deste estudo em duas localidades paulistas caracterizadas pela concentração de empresas relacionadas aos agronegócios de flores e plantas: Holambra e Mogi das Cruzes. Os principais objetivos desta tese são: elaborar uma estrutura (framework) teórico-conceitual para estudos das concentrações geográficas de empresas do agronegócio de flores e plantas ornamentais; identificar os principais fatores indutores para o estabelecimento de ações conjuntas entre os atores da cadeia e identificar os principais fatores indutores da inovação e da formação das competências coletivas locais. Dada a complexidade do fenômeno estudado, optou-se por mesclar estratégias de pesquisa de caráter qualitativo e quantitativo (survey). Os principais resultados encontrados mostram: a adequação da estrutura de análise proposta; a influencia do fator étnico nas questões relativas a cooperação para a construção das vantagens competitivas locais; que as ações cooperativas entre os atores da localidade não dependeram de uma ação coordenadora do poder público; que as concentrações geográficas estudadas criam condições para promover maior número de ações conjuntas entre os produtores rurais; que essas ações conjuntas são catalizadas pelas associações de produtores rurais e pelas cooperativas. / This thesis aims to understand the phenomenon of geographical and sectional concentration of companies (clusters), whose importance in the creation of competitive advantages and also in the regional development have been studied and reported in specialized literature. Considering the importance of agribusiness in the Brazilian social-economic context and the lack of academic studies concerning with, agribusiness clusters, the present research was performed in two localities of State of São Paulo: Holambra and Mogi das Cruzes, both characterized by the flowers and ornamental plants agribusiness concentration. The main objectives of this thesis are the following: elaborate a theoretic-conceptual structure for flowers agribusiness cluster; identify the main inductive factors inducing for the establishment joint action between the actors of the productive chain; and, verify the inductive factors in innovation and in local collective competences building. Due to the complexity of the studied phenomenon, the field research design encompasses both qualitative and quantitative (survey) approaches. The main results founded show that: the adequacy of the framework analysis proposed; the ethnic factor influences in the cooperation and local competitive advantages building related issues; the joint actions among the actors of the locality, specially agricultural producers, did not depended on the public power coordination; the studied geographical cluster allows to increase joint actions, specifically among the agricultural producers, stimulated by the agricultural producers associations and by the cooperative societies.

Esta pesquisa visou possibilitar o conhecimento da Ikebana como uma manifestação estética significativa, integrante da história da arte japonesa e que vem se disseminando pelo mundo. Para compreensão da sua estética, será demonstrado como exemplo o trabalho do artista contemporâneo Toshiro Kawase, o estudo do Zen e suas características. Toshiro Kawase é um artista especializado na arte da Ikebana, e suas obras resultaram em dois livros de âmbito internacional: Inspired Flower Arrangements (1990) e The Book of Ikebana (2000). A arte japonesa é baseada nos sentimentos e na simplicidade de expressão, que motivaram este povo a utilizar a natureza como suporte para executar memoráveis obras de arte. Ao longo da história, no oriente e no ocidente da mesma forma, a beleza das flores adicionou graça e charme na vida das pessoas. A pesquisa analisa a arte japonesa e sua ligação inseparável com a religião, abordando principalmente os aspectos do sagrado, o conceito do belo e a real função do artista de Ikebana. / This research intends to show Ikebana by being an esthetic manifestation of art, that been walking side by side with all stages of Art History. To understand the esthetic of Ikebana, will be demonstrated by example, the contemporary artist Toshiro Kawase, the Zen study and its characteristics. Toshiro Kawase is an artist specialized in Ikebanas Art, and his production inspired two international books: Inspired Flower Arrangements (1990) and The Book of Ikebana (2000). The Japanese art is based on emotions and expression simplicity that motivated this people to use the nature like a support to execute memorable works of art. In all parts of history of the art, in occident and in the orient at the same way, the beauty of flowers added grace and charm in peoples life. The question is: Why do Ikebanas art appeared only in Japan or related to Japanese? This research, analyses the Japanese art and its unbreakable link with religiosity, often the sacred aspect, the definition of beauty and the real functionality of the artist. This research also presents aspects of the principal objective of art, and how to do its communication purposing the perpetuation of his human experiences.

FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / O Brasil e particularmente o Estado do Cearà vem aumentando consideravelmente suas exportaÃÃes de plantas vivas e produtos de floriculrura e consequentemente vem participando efetivamente na criaÃÃo de divisas para o paÃs. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre a competitividade das exportaÃÃes brasileiras e cearenses com respeito a outros exportadores nacionais. Assim, procurou-se identificar, qual o desempenho competitivo do Brasil e do Cearà no mercado internacional desse segmento. Para atingir esta proposta foram traÃados os seguintes objetivos: Verificar a competitividade das exportaÃÃes de plantas vivas e produtos de floricultura do Cearà e do Brasil durante o perÃodo de 1998 a 2004; Identificar a existÃncia de polÃticas de incentivo à produÃÃo e comercializaÃÃo de plantas vivas e produtos de floricultura; Identificar o nÃvel de competitividade da exportaÃÃo de plantas vivas e produtos de floricultura do Cearà e do Brasil em relaÃÃo aos principais exportadores internacionais. A anÃlise foi pautada no conceito de competitividade compreendida como: Capacidade de uma empresa/paÃs permanecer no mercado atravÃs de uma posiÃÃo competitiva criada para um produto ou grupo de produtos, sendo essa, fruto de estratÃgias capazes de manter ou elevar eficientemente a posiÃÃo competitiva no comÃrcio internacional. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se na anÃlise tabular descritiva e no cÃlculo de indicadores de desempenho das exportaÃÃes: Vantagem Comparativa Revelada (VCR); Taxa de Cobertura (TC); Intensidade de ComÃrcio; Desempenho das ExportaÃÃes; PosiÃÃo Relativa das ExportaÃÃes e Constante Market Share (CMS). Os resultados demonstram que o Estado do Cearà ao longo do perÃodo analisado sà foi realmente competitivo no comÃrcio internacional de plantas vivas e produtos de floricultura no ano de 2004, onde apresentou tanto VCR como TC superiores a unidade, indicando que nesse ano o Estado apresentou eficiÃncia comercial. Pelo modelo CMS, constatou-se que de acordo com as fontes de crescimento das exportaÃÃes o efeito competitividade foi o maior responsÃvel pelo aumento mÃdio das exportaÃÃes de plantas vivas e produtos de floricultura do Cearà no perÃodo de 1998 a 2004. O Brasil, em todo o perÃodo, apresentou VCR e TC superior a unidade, indicando que o paÃs tem dinamismo comercial no segmento em anÃlise quando comparado aos outros paÃses exportadores. Pelo modelo CMS, constatou-se tambÃm que, de acordo com as fontes de crescimento das exportaÃÃes, o efeito competitividade foi o maior responsÃvel pelo aumento mÃdio das exportaÃÃes de plantas vivas e produtos de floricultura do PaÃs no perÃodo analisado. Os Ãndices revelaram que o Brasil foi competitivo no comÃrcio mundial no perÃodo deste estudo. Cearà nÃo foi competitivo nos anos de 1998 a 2003, entretanto em 2004, o Estado demonstrou està se tornando um potencial parceiro comÃrcial deste setor. / Brazil and particularly the state of Cearà have considerably increased the exports of live plants and flower-raising products and participated effectively in the opening of new boundaries to the country. Nevertheless, little is known about competitiveness in Brazilian and Cearà Exports, regarding other national exports. Thus, we have tried to identify what competitive performance Brazil and Cearà have in the international market of this segment. In order to accomplish this, the following objectives were drawn: To ascertain the exports competitiveness of live plants and flower-raising products from Cearà and Brazil from 1998 to 2004; to identify the existence of inducement policies for producing and commercializing live plants and flower-raising products; to identify the level of competitiveness of the exports of live plants and flower-raising products from Cearà and Brazil towards the main international exporters. The analysis was based in the concept of competitiveness as: The capacity of a country/corporation to remain in the market through a competitive position, created to a product or a group of products, which is the result of strategies which are able to maintain or elevate the competitive position in the international market. The methodology used was based in the descriptive tabular analysis and in the calculation of export development indicators: Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA); Covering Tax (CT); Commerce Intensity; Exports Performance; Relative Position of Exports and Constant Market Share (CMS). The results show that the state of CearÃ, during the time explored, was only competitive in the international commerce of live plants and flower-raising products in the year 2004, when it presented both RCA and CT, indicating that in this year the state presented commercial efficiency. Through the CMS model, we realized that according to the sources of export increase, the competitive effect was responsible for the average increase in the exports of live plants and flower-raising products in Cearà from 1998 to 2004. Brazil, through the whole period, presented superior RCA and CT, indicating that the country is commercially dynamic in the analyzed segment when compared to other countriesâ exports. Through the CMS model we found that according to the sources of export increase, the competitive effect was the major responsible for the average increase in the exports of live plants and flower-raising products during the analyzed period. The indexes revealed that Brazil was competitive in the world commerce during this study. Cearà wasnât competitive from 1998 to 2003, although in 2004, the state showed a great commercial power in this area.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-13T15:11:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 henriquelouroadvinculamiranda.pdf: 1919342 bytes, checksum: 16cc3c78784004e9806f0937c9c8aea1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-06-27T20:50:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 henriquelouroadvinculamiranda.pdf: 1919342 bytes, checksum: 16cc3c78784004e9806f0937c9c8aea1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-27T20:50:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 henriquelouroadvinculamiranda.pdf: 1919342 bytes, checksum: 16cc3c78784004e9806f0937c9c8aea1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Besouros Cetoniinae são comumente conhecidos como besouros das flores ou das frutas. Cetoniinae é uma subfamília de Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidae). Este grupo consiste de besouros de pequeno a médio porte (0,3 – 13,0 cm), com hábito geralmente diurno. O papel desses besouros nos ecossistemas ainda é pouco conhecido, bem como sua ecologia e comportamento. Por tanto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo central avaliar a riqueza, a abundância dos besouros Cetoniinae em áreas introduzidas e antropizadas na Mata Atlântica. Dessa forma, foram feitas coletas de dados mensalmente de Julho de 2014 à Junho de 2015, no município de Rio Novo, MG, utilizando armadilhas do tipo carpotrampa, com iscas atrativas, em área de Eucaliptal, Pastagem e em fragmentos de Mata Semidecidual. Foram coletadas sete espécies distribuídas em quatro gêneros. Em fragmentos de Mata Semidecidual (N = 159) a diversidade (H’ = 1.395) foi maior que nas demais áreas e a abundância maior que nas áreas de plantio de eucalipto (N = 95) (H’ = 1.093), porém menor que nas áreas de pastagem (N = 222) (H’ = 1.082). Foram encontradas duas espécies de Cetoniinae pilhando duas espécies de plantas. Os besouros Cetoniinae, ocorreram de Agosto a Fevereiro, e a maior riqueza observada (Sete espécies) aconteceu no mês de Dezembro. A coloração dos indivíduos demonstra relação com o habitat onde foram encontrados. As espécies encontradas nos três ambientes estudados apresentam uma coloração críptica que pode propiciar sua camuflagem em ambos os habitats. Esse estudo contribuiu para o conhecimento da diversidade dos besouros Cetoniinae em áreas antrópicas e de vegetação nativa. Além de contribuir para a compreensão da relação da coloração dos besouros com os habitats onde eles foram encontrados e o comportamento de interação com plantas, e para melhorar os métodos utilizados para amostragem de besouros Cetoniinae. / Cetoniinae beetles are commonly known as beetles of flowers or fruits. Cetoniinae is a subfamily of Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidae). This group consists of small to medium-sized beetles (0.3 to 13.0 cm), with typically diurnal. O role of these beetles ecosystem is little known, and its ecology and behavior. Therefore, the present study had as main objective to register the diversity of Cetoniinae beetles in areas exotic vegetation (pasturelands and eucalyptus plantations) and native vegetation (Mata Semidecidual) the richness of species throughout the seasons (dry and wet), check the color of Cetoniinae beetles reflect environmental feature where they were found and compare the abundance sampled at different heights (1.5 m and 6 m) with attractive baits (Pineapple with broth cane and banana with sugar cane broth). In addition, record information about the floral visitation habits, and the interactions between Cetoniinae beetles and plants, and quantify the species visited throughout the seasons climáticas.Dessa way, data samples were taken monthly from July 2014 to June 2015, on the New River County, MG, using traps carpotrampa type, with attractive baits in Eucalyptus area, Pasture and Semidecidual Forest fragments. Seven species distributed in four genera were collected. In Semidecidual Forest fragments (N = 159) diversity (H '= 1.395) was higher than in other areas and abundance greater than the areas of eucalyptus plantation (N = 95) (H' = 1.093), but less than in the pastures (N = 222) (H '= 1.082). Cetoniinae looting two species of two species of plants were found. The Cetoniinae beetles, occurred from August to February, the greatest wealth observed (seven species) took place in December. The coloring of individuals demonstrates relation to the habitat where they were found. The species found in the three environments present a cryptic coloration that may have led to camouflage in both habitats. This study contributed to the knowledge of the diversity of beetles Cetoniinae in anthropogenic areas and native vegetation. Besides contributing to the understanding of the relationship of the color of the beetles with the habitats where they were found and the plants interaction behavior, and to improve the methods used for sampling Cetoniinae beetles.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:22:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Elisia_Rodrigues_Correa.pdf: 1251356 bytes, checksum: 284c09bb138c8fbb67d8c541c7807479 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-07-12 / The knowledge of the genetic, phenotypic and environmental parameters of peach characteristics is of fundamental importance in breeding programs, because it allows to foresee the possibility of success with the selection. The present work had as objectives to estimete the heritability, in broad of the fruit development period (FDP), flesh color intensity and total phenolics as well as determining possible correlations of the last with the other two mentioned characters. The studied populations originated from the Peach Genetic Breeding Program of Embrapa Clima Temperado. For the FDP study 196 individuals belonging to five progenies program crosses of year 2000, were observed (two originating from the second generation and the others, first generation). Seedlings of 14 progenies resulting from crosses among 12 peach cultivars and six selections were used in the evaluations. Six of these progenies were F1 generation and the others, F2 (second generation), obtatained by opened pollination. The dear value of the herdabilidade in the wide sense went loud to the cycle, low for the flesh and medium for the total phenolics (H=0,90; H=0,25; H=0,46 respectively). These values indicate that for the character cycle is possible to have won of selection while for the pulp no, for also having influence of environmental factors what a little / O conhecimento dos parâmetros genéticos, fenotípicos e ambientais de características do pessegueiro são de fundamental importância para o delineamento dos programas de melhoramento desta frutífera, pois permite antever a possibilidade de sucesso com a seleção. O presente trabalho teve por objetivos estimar a herdabilidade, no sentido amplo, para o ciclo, tonalidade da cor da polpa e conteúdo de compostos fenólicos bem como, verificar a possível correlação desse último com os outros dois caracteres citados. As populações estudadas foram provenientes do Programa de Melhoramento Genético de Pessegueiro da Embrapa Clima Temperado. No estudo foram observadas 14 progênies oriundas de cruzamentos entre doze cultivares de pêssegos e seis seleções. Seis destas progênies eram geração de F1 e os outros F2 (segunda geração), obitida por polinização aberta. O valor estimado da herdabilidade no sentido amplo foi alto para o ciclo, baixo para a cor da polpa e médio para os compostos fenólicos (H=0,90; H=0,25; H=0,46 respectivamente). Estes valores são um indicativo de que para o caráter ciclo é possível rapidamente ter ganhos de seleção enquanto para a tonalidade da cor da polpa estes ganhos são mais lentos devido à influência de fatores ambientais.

Magister Commercii - MCom / Rwanda is constrained by an export structure that is heavily dependent on one or a few agricultural export products such as coffee, tea , pyrethrum and cinchona. The country did not manage to industrialize or to diversify its export structure significantly during the post-independence period. The situation was worsened by the civil war of 1994, which almost destroyed all sectors of the economy. Traditional export crops, such as coffee, cotton, tea, cocoa, palm oil, and tobacco are all subject to large price fluctuations and declining world market prices. This paper considered the case for diversification into non-traditional agricultural exports as a strategy for improving a developing country's terms of trade. The study put forward a case of Higland Flowers Project; a flowers project located in rural Kigali about 5 kilometers to the Kigali International airport. / South Africa