Medical textbooks have previously represented women’s bodies and menopause life transitions by using notions of ‘machine productivity’ and ‘machine breakdown’ (Martin, 1987). This study aimed to explore whether these representations have changed, especially given recent HRT clinical trial results. Eight relevant compulsory medical textbooks for first and second year medical students at two New Zealand Universities were identified. A Foucauldian discourse analysis (Parker, 1990) was undertaken on relevant content to identify representations of menopause, HRT, women’s bodies, and ageing. Five major discourses were employed in the textbooks in descriptions of menopause and HRT: failure, estrogen deficiency as disease; HRT as saviour; obscurity and the new discovery discourse. Menopause continues to be represented as resulting from a ‘failure’ of a machine-like body. Although the recent HRT clinical trials were reported as a serious risk factor in half of the textbooks, HRT was also represented as a saviour particularly against postmenopausal osteoporosis. The discovery of ‘new’ drugs to ‘treat’ HRT and the ‘postmenopausal’ patient were heralded with much excitement. Medical textbooks continue to use failure discourses to describe women’s bodies at menopause. New risk-based HRT assessments for ‘patients’ with menopause ‘symptoms’ are promoted. These portrayals reinforce linear and reductionist ways of thinking about menopause and women at midlife and provide few spaces for resistance or alternative constructions to more accurately reflect women’s embodied worlds.

Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2016-06-28T17:38:34Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação Edilange Luiz Pereira.pdf: 9341302 bytes, checksum: 4952a4d86c21484114ee60a673aa3199 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-28T17:38:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação Edilange Luiz Pereira.pdf: 9341302 bytes, checksum: 4952a4d86c21484114ee60a673aa3199 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-14 / FACEPE / No cenário contemporâneo a economia e a cultura são abordadas como questões fundamentais para as políticas de desenvolvimento, tendo em vista o reconhecimento das agências dedicadas a ele e que a cultura o favorece, cria emprego e promove a coesão social, tornou-se imperativo promover o empoderamento das atividades culturais. Nessa perspectiva, a economia criativa e suas categorias passaram a ser tomadas como estratégias para a formulação e implementação de políticas, focando, principalmente, na promoção e distribuição das manifestações culturais para propiciar o crescimento econômico. Como marco das iniciativas da economia criativa brasileira, está a proposta metodológica para identificação de polos criativos e a instituição do programa de incentivo. Em 2011, a Bomba do Hemetério se tornou polo criativo, na condição de um território expandido que agrega uma diversidade de agremiações carnavalescas, algumas delas consideradas de fundamental importância para o Carnaval de Pernambuco. Pode-se dizer que o cenário cultural local tornou possível o seu reconhecimento como polo criativo. A comunidade recebeu uma iniciativa de desenvolvimento local realizada a partir da articulação do poder público e de instituições não governamentais. Com base nisto, esta pesquisa se dedicou à análise da cultura carnavalesca da Bomba do Hemetério afim de desvelar os discursos que caracterizam essa cultura como recurso de desenvolvimento local. Utilizamos como lente teórica a teoria do Pósdesenvolvimento e, por meio da interpretação do arquivo inspirada na Análise de Discurso Foucaultina, foram reveladas três formações discursivas: uma sobre a cultura local e suas tradições, outra evidencia a cultura local como fonte de sobrevivência e outra aponta para a política de economia criativa. / In the contemporary scenario the economy and culture are addressed as key issues for development policies, considering the recognition of dedicated agencies and a culture that favors it, creates jobs and promotes social cohesion, it has become imperative to promote the empowerment of cultural activities. From this perspective, the creative economy and its categories came to be taken as strategies for the formulation and implementation of policies, focusing mainly on promotion and distribution of cultural events as economic growth factors. The methodological proposal for identifying creative centers and the institution of the incentive program is a starting point of initiatives of the Brazilian creative economy. In 2011, Bomba do Hemetério district became a creative center, as an expanded territory that aggregates a variety of carnival groups, some of them considered of fundamental importance for the Pernambuco Carnival. It can be said that the local cultural scene has made possible its recognition as a creative center. The community received a local development initiative carried out through the articulation of government and non-governmental institutions. Based on this, this research was dedicated to the analysis of Bomba do Hemetério district carnival culture in order to unveil the discourses that characterize this culture as a local development resource. We used post-development theory as theoretical lens and, by interpreting the file inspired by Foucauldian Discourse Analysis, three discursive formations were revealed: one on the local culture and its traditions, the other highlights local culture as a source of survival and another points to the creative economy public policy.

Submitted by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-11-16T16:28:16Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Kelly Cristine Ferreira Prado Duarte - 2016.pdf: 2360435 bytes, checksum: 7fdccc639e084b11a4bbb98cd24e0077 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2016-11-16T16:28:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Kelly Cristine Ferreira Prado Duarte - 2016.pdf: 2360435 bytes, checksum: 7fdccc639e084b11a4bbb98cd24e0077 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-16T16:28:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Kelly Cristine Ferreira Prado Duarte - 2016.pdf: 2360435 bytes, checksum: 7fdccc639e084b11a4bbb98cd24e0077 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-30 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / This research aims to analyze discursively the female identity in the “Programa Mulheres Mil” (PMM) - Thousand Women Program. This Program is the result of a discursive formation that has been widespread in the world in order to create affirmative actions to include those who have been socially excluded for a long time in this particular case: women. Thus, the outlined research is directly linked to the female gender and the vocational education. To achieve this proposed aim, this study establishes as theoretical, methodological and analytical horizon, the Discourse Analysis based mainly on the precepts of Michel Foucault. The analysis is organized under a methodological perspective of the thematic path, in accordance with Guilhaumou and Maldidier (1994), and includes the following topics: a) the construction of truths about the identitary constitution of the female gender in PMM; b) power relations of institutional nature that focus on the identitary constitution of the female gender in PMM; c) the identitary constitution of female gender through some processes of subjectivation. The analysis of these themes takes as corpus some official documents of the PMM and the eponymous electronic portal. Results reveal that the historical oppression towards the female gender and the traditional Brazilian professional education that insists on offering courses aimed at those who are already marginalized continue to constitute the identity of the female gender in PMM. Besides, these results point to the fact that the discrimination and prejudice that reflect upon female gender might subjectify women who make part of the PMM to the point that they incorporate this discourse. / O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em analisar como se constitui discursivamente a identidade de gênero feminino no Programa Mulheres Mil (PMM). O Programa é fruto de uma formação discursiva que tem se difundido no mundo no sentido de criar ações afirmativas para incluir aqueles que vêm sendo excluídos socialmente há tempos, neste caso específico: as mulheres. Desse modo, a investigação delineada está diretamente ligada ao gênero feminino e à educação profissional. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, este estudo estabelece como horizonte teórico, metodológico e analítico, a Análise de Discurso fundamentada, sobretudo, nos preceitos de Michel Foucault. A análise se organiza sob a perspectiva metodológica do trajeto temático, em conformidade com Guilhaumou e Maldidier (1994), e compreende os seguintes temas: a) a construção de verdades em torno da constituição identitária de gênero feminino no PMM; b) as relações de poder de cunho institucional que incidem sobre a constituição identitária de gênero feminino no PMM; c) a constituição identitária de gênero feminino por meio de processos de subjetivação. A análise desses temas toma como corpus documentos oficiais do PMM e o portal eletrônico homônimo. Os resultados da pesquisa revelam que a opressão histórica ao gênero feminino e a tradição da educação profissional brasileira em oferecer cursos voltados para aqueles que já são marginalizados persistem na constituição da identidade de gênero feminino no PMM. Ademais, os resultados apontam para o fato de a discriminação e o preconceito que recaem sobre o gênero feminino subjetivarem as mulheres que compõem o Programa ao ponto de elas incorporarem esse discurso.

I takt med att intresset för true crime- och infotainment i media växer sig större ökar behovet av att studera nyhetsmediernas påverkan på skapandet av könsbaserade maktrelationer. Syftet med denna studie är att få en ökad förståelse för hur maktrelationer produceras genom tryckt nyhetsmedias rapportering kring kvinnor som mördar. Fokus ligger på att identifiera vilka diskursiva strategier och uteslutningsmekanismer som används för att skapa dessa maktrelationer. Studien genomförs genom en foucaultiansk diskursanalys på 38 artiklar från svensk tryckt nyhetsförmedling som berör kvinnor som mördat. Vidare används ett teoretiskt ramverk bestående av genusperspektiv samt gestaltningsteori för att bidra till en djupare förståelse för analysens resultat. Studien fann att de diskursiva strategier som primärt används var klassificeringar, språkbruk och anspråk på galenskap. Genom dessa strategier identifierade studien vidare två diskursiva utrymmen för kvinnor som mördar - den “goda” och den “onda” mördaren. Studien fann att dessa två utrymmen var starkt kopplade till hur mördarens femininitet var porträtterad, där de “goda” blev porträtterade som feminina till skillnad från de “onda”. / As the true crime and infotainment industries grow larger, the need to study the news media's impact on the creation of gendered power relations grow larger. The aim of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of how power relations are produced by news media in their reporting on female killers. Of special interest is identifying which discursive strategies and mechanisms of exclusion that are used in order create these power relations. The study achieves this by analyzing 38 articles from Swedish news media about female murderers using a Foucauldian discourse analysis. Furthermore, a theoretical framework consisting of gender theory and framing theory is used to further understand the findings. The study found that the main discursive strategies that were used were categorization, rhetorical strategies and similaes, and references to madness. From these strategies the study identified two discursive spaces for female murderers to populate - the ‘good’ murderer and the ‘evil’ one. These two spaces were found to be strictly linked with how the femininity of the murderer was portrayed, where the ‘good’ were portrayed as feminine and the ‘evil’ weren’t.

[pt] O trabalho investiga a discussão sobre a orientação sexual na Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987-1988 (ANC). Um dos objetivos da pesquisa é descrever as discussões sobre a temática, com especial atenção às menções a pessoas lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, trans, intersex e demais dissidentes de gênero e sexualidade (LGBTI+). O segundo objetivo da dissertação é realizar uma análise crítica dos discursos levantados, com atenção para o poder produtivo do discurso. A pesquisa adotou como marco teórico a noção de performatividade de gênero, desenvolvida por Judith Butler, e seus desdobramentos críticos relativos ao processo de construção do sujeito. A principal técnica de investigação empregada foi a análise documental, que auxiliou na obtenção de dados primários a partir dos Anais da ANC e dos documentos disponibilizados no Fundo João Antônio Mascarenhas do Arquivo Edgard Leuenroth. Os métodos que orientam o exame são a análise foucaultiana do discurso e a teorização fundamentada nos dados. Os resultados mostram como foi a articulação da incidência política encabeçada pelo Triângulo Rosa na Constituinte, suas limitações em relação à representatividade do grupo social e os processos de hierarquização de identidades que constituem a base do Movimento LGBTI+, com especial alijamento de pessoas travestis e transexuais. Além disso, demonstrou-se a persistência de certas formações discursivas contemporaneamente, sobretudo por meio da oposição, de parlamentares ligados a setores religiosos, às demandas de pessoas LGBTI+; e constatou-se, a partir de evidências empíricas, que a proteção contra discriminação com base em orientação sexual está abarcada pela vedação geral prevista na atual Constituição. / [en] The work investigates the debate regarding sexual orientation in the 1987-1988 National Constituent Assembly (ANC). One of the objectives of the research is to describe the discussions on the theme, with special attention to the mentions of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, intersex and other gender and sexuality dissidents (LGBTI+). The second objective of the thesis is to conduct a critical analysis of the discourses, with attention to the productive power of discourse. The research adopted as a theoretical framework the notion of gender performativity, developed by Judith Butler, and its critical outcomes concerning the process of subject construction. The main research technique employed was document analysis, which helped in obtaining primary data from the proceedings of the ANC and the documents made available in Fundo João Antônio Mascarenhas of the Edgard Leuenroth Archive. The methods guiding the examination are Foucauldian discourse analysis and grounded theory. The results show how was the articulation of the political advocacy coordinated by Triângulo Rosa in the Constituent, its limitations in relation to the representation of the social group, and the processes of hierarchization of identities that constitute the base of the LGBTI+ Movement, with particular exclusion of transvestites and transsexuals. In addition, the work demonstrated the contemporary persistence of certain discursive formations, especially through the opposition of congressmen linked to religious sectors to the demands of LGBTI+ people; and found empirical evidence that protection against discrimination based on sexual orientation is covered by the general prohibition provided for in the current Constitution.

The Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act (CTOP Act 92 of 1996) is perhaps the most revolutionary piece of legislation internationally ever to have been promulgated to regulate abortion and as such women’s reproductive lives. Abortion research tends to focus on the experiences of women and thus cast abortion as solely a territory that represents women’s reproductive concerns and the power to choose to procreate. While the CTOP Act safeguards women’s right of choice and a form of determination relating to what happens to their bodies, it also fails to recognise or even make pronouncements about the role that a man plays in the choice to terminate a pregnancy as well as how abortion affects a man’s life. This therefore implies that legally, men do not have a stake to influencing the decision to terminate a pregnancy. This qualitative study was undertaken to explore how young unmarried males whose partners have undergone an abortion construct abortion and the meanings that they attach to the experience of abortion. Interviews were conducted and the data was analysed using discourse analysis. Some of the young men knew about the woman’s decision to have an abortion and others did not know. Common findings include a sense of helplessness due to feeling that the decision is ultimately that of the woman, anger for those who did not know about the decision to abort and a lack of forgiveness towards their partners. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

The Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act (CTOP Act 92 of 1996) is perhaps the most revolutionary piece of legislation internationally ever to have been promulgated to regulate abortion and as such women’s reproductive lives. Abortion research tends to focus on the experiences of women and thus cast abortion as solely a territory that represents women’s reproductive concerns and the power to choose to procreate. While the CTOP Act safeguards women’s right of choice and a form of determination relating to what happens to their bodies, it also fails to recognise or even make pronouncements about the role that a man plays in the choice to terminate a pregnancy as well as how abortion affects a man’s life. This therefore implies that legally, men do not have a stake to influencing the decision to terminate a pregnancy. This qualitative study was undertaken to explore how young unmarried males whose partners have undergone an abortion construct abortion and the meanings that they attach to the experience of abortion. Interviews were conducted and the data was analysed using discourse analysis. Some of the young men knew about the woman’s decision to have an abortion and others did not know. Common findings include a sense of helplessness due to feeling that the decision is ultimately that of the woman, anger for those who did not know about the decision to abort and a lack of forgiveness towards their partners. / Psychology / M. A. (Clinical Psychology)

This study is concerned with what is happening within a mentorship interaction between engineers aimed at knowledge transfer. The practice of knowledge transfer is contextualised within the knowledge economy that ideologically positions Western economies as knowledge holders and advanced, while positioning developing countries as knowledge deficient and backwards. The prevailing literature regards knowledge transfer as difficult to achieve and is primarily focused on factors that hinder its success, looking to causal relational factors between and within the participants, in particular the qualities of knowledge receivers. Constructing the relationship and the individuals engaged in knowledge transfer as problematic brings about certain types of relations between individuals and between groups. These bring into play the positioning of role players within knowledge transfer that is not neutral, creating asymmetrical power relations and impacting identity construction. Studies in knowledge transfer have examined the factors that inhibit successful knowledge transfer extensively and do not consider its discursive context or considerations of power relations. Based on the assumption that discourse produces social practices and individual identities within social, historical and cultural contexts, this study adopted a social constructionist perspective and suggests that the ways in which identities are constructed in a mentorship interaction affect how participants experience and make sense of their worlds, which has implications for the practice of knowledge transfer. Viewing power as embedded in relations, a Foucauldian Discourse Analysis was conducted of discursive constructions generated from 17 interviews of participants engaged in a multinational knowledge transfer project between South African and Saudi Arabian engineers. The analysis showed that the construction of self and other does have an impact on knowledge transfer between Saudi Arabian and South African engineers. The multiple identity constructions of the participants within the knowledge transfer relationship were resourced from dominant discourses that reveal different meanings attributed to the participants’ mentorship experience and showed the systematic setting up of self and other within unequal power relations that favour the self. The study suggests that deeper consideration should be given to the effects of othering and power within social interactions between individuals located in divergent contexts such as those that characterise knowledge transfer. / Psychology / Ph. D. (Consulting Psychology)