Die Dissertation hat drei Teilziele: - eine Auseinandersetzung mit den theoretischen Ansätzen, - eine Kriterien- und Modellanalyse hinsichtlich der Praktikabilität und Tauglichkeit der Qualitätssicherung und -entwicklung für Weiterbildungseinrichtungen, - Erarbeitung eines auf die Selbstevaluation orientierten Qualitätsrahmens für berufliche Weiterbildungseinrichtungen, in dem das erfolgreiche Lernen und die dafür zu schaffenden Rahmenbedingungen einen großen Stellenwert einnehmen. Dabei wird die Qualitätsentwicklung und nicht die Qualitätssicherung im Mittelpunkt stehen.

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En France, après une longue période d'accumulation silencieuse dans les institutions publiques patrimoniales, la photographie fait l'objet de politiques d'enrichissement spécifiques, dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, qui influent sur l'évolution de son statut. Dès la fin des années 1930, les responsables du cabinet des Estampes de la Bibliothèque nationale engagent un processus de réévaluation où le médium photographique est enfin considéré comme objet de collection. S'engage alors un programme d'enrichissement audacieux selon une voie duale, documentaire et artistique, où la Bibliothèque nationale ambitionne de devenir un musée de la photographie, le premier en France. En plus de la photographie documentaire qui reste une priorité, l'intérêt des conservateurs se porte d'une part, sur les grands ensembles de photographies du XIXe siècle en vue d'initier une histoire de la photographie sur le modèle de l'histoire de l'art; et d'autre part, sur les auteurs contemporains. La démarche est pionnière et durable, mais elle n'est pas suffisante pour faire reconnaître la photographie comme un art à l'échelle nationale. Près de quarante ans plus tard, en 1976, le secrétariat aux Affaires culturelles s'empare enfin des questions photographiques, mais les quatre directions ministérielles concernées par la photographie réagissent de manière inégale. Dans un environnement photographique qui évolue vers une orientation culturelle, des collections nationales sont créées à la Fondation nationale de la Photographie à Lyon (FNP), au musée national d'Art moderne (MNAM), au Fonds national d'Art contemporain (FNAC) et au musée d'Orsay; et la photographie est enfin reconnue comme un art. Dans les années 1980, sous l'effet conjugué du «Mois de la Photo» de la Ville de Paris et de la politique en faveur de l'art contemporain développée par le ministère de Jack Lang, un des événements artistiques majeurs de la fin du XXe siècle prend forme : la photographie entre dans le champ des arts plastiques. / Photography in France, after a long period of silent accumulation in public cultural institutions, became the object of specific collecting in the second half of the twentieth century. This had a bearing on its status. From the late 1930s onwards, curators in the print cabinet of the Bibliothèque Nationale in a process of re-evaluation at last came to consider the photograph as an object for collection. They set out therefore on a daring collection program with a double focus: documentation and artistic quality. With this the BN declared its ambition to become the leading museum of photography in France. Alongside documentary photographs, which remain a priority, conservatorial interest centered on both large groups of 19th century photographs intended to inaugurate a history of photography modeled on art history, and on contemporary creators. This was a pioneering, and durable approach, but insufficient for a recognition of photography as a national art. Some forty years later, in 1976, the secretariat of Cultural Affairs took over questions concerning photography. But the four ministerial branches concerned by photography reacted in an unequal manner. In a photographic environment evolving towards a cultural orientation, national collections were initiated at the Fondation National de la Photographie, Lyon (FNP), in the Musée National de I' Art Contemporain (MNAM), at the Fonds National d'Art Contemporain (FNAC) and at the Musée d'Orsay. At last photography was recognized as an art. During the 1980s, thanks to the combined effect of the City of Paris, 'Month of the photo', and the favorable policy towards contemporary art of Jack Lang's ministry, one of the major artistic events of the late 20th century took place: photography entered the realm of the plastic arts.

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Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-04T12:36:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009 / Nas últimas décadas o processo de flexibilização e mesmo de precarização que ocorreu no mundo do trabalho, somados às mudanças no papel do Estado, afetaram diretamente os projetos de expansão e universalização das ações e serviços de saúde no Brasil. Na Bahia, a proposta de solução para as dificuldades de fixação e gestão do trabalho dos profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família foi a criação de uma carreira estadual para esses trabalhadores. Para tanto, os municípios aprovaram leis de instituição de um novo ente jurídico, a Fundação Estatal Saúde da Família. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar as estratégias de gestão do trabalho dessa Fundação, buscando compreender seus limites e possibilidades para o enfrentamento de problemas de provimento, fixação e qualificação dos trabalhadores para a Estratégia de Saúde da Família na Bahia. A pesquisa é eminentemente qualitativa e compreendeu um estudo de caso. Teve ênfase na análise documental e apoiou-se em entrevistas com atores envolvidos na formulação e debate da FESF. Durante sua realização, a proposta da FESF esteve em processo de construção, o que trouxe muitos desafios metodológicos para esse estudo. Os resultados desse estudo congregam o debate sobre o caráter interfederado do modelo jurídico - institucional da FESF, a elucidação da conformação colegiada do sistema de governança e das pactuações do contrato de gestão entre Fundação e município. Além disso, o trabalho enfoca as peculiaridades da proposta de gestão do trabalho que prevê, dentro da mesma carreira, mobilidade do trabalhador entre os municípios, remuneração variável, associada aos fatores de fixação de profissionais em cada município, e gestão do trabalho compartilhada entre FESF e municípios. A complexidade dessas propostas depara-se com a ausência de experiência na gestão desse modelo e também nas questões estruturais e institucionais que marcaram a gestão da saúde nos municípios. Portanto, um dos seus principais desafios é a operacionalização das novas ferramentas e instrumentos de gestão do trabalho que ela cria, em um contexto histórico de dificuldades nesse âmbito. / In the past decades the flexibility and even the precariousness that occurred in the labor field, together with changes in the State’s obligations, affected directly the projects for expansion and universality of the actions and health services in Brazil. In Bahia, the proposal for a solution to the difficulties in settling and management of human resources for Family Health Strategy was building a state career to these workers. For this, counties of the State have approved laws to create a new juridical institution, the State Foundation for Family Health. The aim of this study was to analyze the strategies of job management of the State Foundation for Family Health, trying to understand its limits and finding ways to deal with problems like finding human resources, settling and qualifying workers to the Family Health Strategy. This research is mainly qualitative and has a case study. There is emphasis in documental analysis but also counts with interviews with actors involved with development and debate of the State Foundation. During the time of the present study, State Foundation was being built, what brought many methodological challenges. The results of this study bring a debate on the interfederate juridical institutional model of the State Foundation; explain the construction of a decision council, its possible actions and agreements with the management contracts between Foundation and counties; analysis of the specificities of this job management proposal, in which the mobility between counties, variable salaries, together with fixation factors of professionals in each county and a shared administration Foundation/ counties is the be developed. The complexity of these proposals face an absence of experience in the application of this model and also bring structural and institutional dilemmas that characterize the management of health in counties. So, one of the main challenges is applying these instruments of job management within a historical context of difficulties in the field.

The aim of the thesis is to assess existing quality management system, the possibility of applying new approaches to quality management in the selected company, the proposal process for their implementation. This thesis is focused on quality management. Implementation and application of the model EFQM (European Foundation for quality management) in the company LINET spol. s r.o. Evaluation of the implementating process and its contribution to improving efficiency, quality and image.

Magister Educationis - MEd / Since the inception of the University in 1960 under the Apartheid regime and up until a few years ago Afrikaans had dominated both as educational and as communication medium. However, political change - at the University and in South Africa - has brought about a change in language patterns. According to the HSRC Work Committee on Languages and Language Instruction (1981), a high percentage (40%) of Afrikaans-speaking people classified as coloured and living in the Cape Peninsula choose English as the medium of instruction and also regard it as the most important language to be learnt at schools (also 40%). As a result of this, and the enrolment of a large percentage of Xhosa speaking students, who generally prefer English to Afrikaans as an educational medium, English has become the language most commonly used both inside and outside the classroom. The homogeneity of preference has, however, not been matched by mastery of the language. For approximately 70% of all first-year students English is a second or even a third language. Though University entry is based on at least ten years of the study of English, standards of proficiency differ quite considerably as a result of inequalities in education. Because students need to improve their level of English proficiency I investigated the effectiveness of using senior students as tutor assistants in an academic development programme, the English Special Project, at UWC. This study aims at revealing that the tutor assistantships in the English Special Project can alleviate problems that occur with annual increases in student numbers under certain conditions. These are that: 1 prospective tutor assistants undergo proper tutor assistant training; 2 tutor assistants are committed to the course of academic development; 3 tutor assistants have the time available that is necessary for the task. In Chapter 1 give an insight into what this study is about, the reasons for conducting it and what my personal involvement with the ESP has been. In Chapter 2 I review some of the overseas and local literature on TA systems. In Chapter 3 I describe a case-study to evaluate the success of the TA system in the ESP with reference to academic development. I emphasize the intensive, individual care of and attention to first-year students. In an attempt to address the problem, the effectiveness of senior students as tutor assistants to assist in tutorial sessions is described. In Chapter 4 I discuss the value of TA intervention in the ESP at personal and social levels. Chapter 5 contains the general conclusions and my recommendations to improve the ESP.

China has become a major contributor to world science today, with the largest number of qualified scientific publications in the world, a centralized government willing to sponsor the development of science, and pioneering scientists in all disciplines. Where did this scientific power emerge from historically and how did this history connect with the rest of the world? My dissertation suggests that comprehending the Sino-American intellectual exchange network since the early twentieth century is essential for us to grasp the development of science in modern China. It argues that a Sino-American intellectual exchange network through the China Foundation for the Promotion of Education and Culture (ie., the China Foundation) played a critical role in the development of modern scientific research and education from the 1920 to the 1940s. In the first half of the twentieth century, leading American intellectuals of the progressive era such as Teachers College’s educational scholar Paul Monroe and Columbia University’s prominent philosopher of pragmatism John Dewey frequently communicated with prominent Chinese intellectuals, many of whom were their former students in the United States. Such face-to-face interchanges across the Pacific ultimately influenced Chinese choices in shaping modern scientific education and research. The impact was generated primarily through the China Foundation. The China Foundation, financed by the second American remission of the Boxer Indemnity Funds, served as a sponsor of the development of scientific research, teaching and training in modern China. The trustees of the foundation, responsible for the custody and administration of the fund, included prominent Chinese intellectuals (most of whom had received western graduate training) such as Hu Shi (PhD, Columbia), Jiang Menglin (PhD, Teachers College), Zhang Boling (visiting fellow at Teachers College, 1917-1918), Ren Hongjun (H. C. Zen, MA, Columbia), Guo Bingwen (PhD, Teachers College), Ding Wenjiang (aka V. K. Ting, BA, University of Glasgow), Zhao Yuanren (aka Y. R. Chao, PhD, Harvard) as well as the American intellectuals and reformers Paul Monroe, John Dewey, Roger Sherman Greene and John Leighton Stuart. This dissertation researches the history of Sino-American intellectual exchanges in the China Foundation network, which were central to the establishment of science in modern China. It begins by tracing the cohort of leading Chinese intellectuals trained at American universities, who paved the way for its establishment. They invited leading American educators like John Dewey and Paul Monroe to China, and did the translation work that allowed for their reformist ideas of democracy, education and science to become popular in China. While the American intellectuals aspired to transmit a democratic education through introducing science, the Chinese intellectuals also developed their own rationales to pursue China’s scientific modernization. It also examines the political assumptions and tensions wound up in this Sino-American educational exchange network that illuminates the ways in which the intellectuals on both sides of the Pacific were mutually influenced by their intellectual exchanges. In asks the following questions: How did American intellectuals of the progressive era design and pursue a democratic vision for the Chinese scientific development, and what were their political assumptions undergirding the transmission of science? How did the Chinese intellectuals respond to the American knowledge of science, translate, and negotiate this transmission of science to China? What aspects of science did they absorb and incorporate for the Chinese national purposes? What ideas did they absorb from the United States, and what aspects did they deliberately eschew? In posing these questions, part of my goal is to shift the predominant narrative of transnational progressive era US intellectual history from “Atlantic Crossings” to a dense and constitutive set of exchanges of knowledge, ideas and practices of sciences across the Pacific.

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