This master thesis aims to understand whether the connection of visuals and emotions on social media can be utilized by activists to increase awareness of environmental issues. In particular, this thesis discussed if emotional visual content about environmental activism on social media increases recipients' emotional awareness and small-scale activism when embedded in visual framing communication. The work is based on theories like affective visual framing, affective intensity, stickiness and grab, which define the dynamics of emotions online and the merits that come with it, when used for strategic communication. In combination with visual communication on social media and the emotional impact of visuals, environmental imagery develops power for social transformation. Analyzing the organization Greenpeace and the Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation for their emotional strategic communication on Instagram, the research uses mixed-methods to gather data about the reception of emotional visuals. A questionnaire collects data about broad responses to images and seven in-depth interviews focus on deeper motivations and opinions behind the emotional reaction. The research reveals that first of all emotions are generated by emotionally framed visual contents. These emotions also lead to an emotional awareness of environmental issues. Nevertheless, small-scale activism was neither increased by emotional content nor by general emotional awareness. Solely short-term interest in activism could be identified.

Inom loppet av sex månader mördades tre personer i Hudiksvalls kommun. Morden blev uppmärksammade i media och beskrevs som brutala i sitt tillvägagångssätt. En 20-årig man dömdes för mordet på Vanja Nilsson och Kjell List och en 22-årig man dömdes för mordet på Tova Moberg.Ambitionen med uppsatsen var att undersöka hur Hudiksvalls tidning med hjälp av gestaltning och dramaturgi formar en mediebild av en individ. I det här fallet en bild av två män, från att dessa häktats fram tills dess att påföljd meddelats av tingsrätten. Ännu en ambition var att undersöka hur samma tidning förhållit sig enligt det pressetiska ramverket i sin rapportering kring gärningsmännen och dess offer.Teoretiska utgångspunkter aktuella för uppsatsen har varit gestaltningsteori och dramaturgi. Dessa visar hur och med vilka hjälpmedel man framställer händelser och individer i media. Utgångspunkten medier och brott blev en stor tillgång då den fokuserar helt på medierna och dess omättliga aptit för brott och avvikelser. Pressetiken och de pressetiska rekommendationerna var nödvändiga för att se hur Hudiksvalls tidning förhållit sig enligt dessa.Uppsatsen är huvudsakligen kvalitativ men har stärkts med kvantitativ metod.Analysen visade att Hudiksvalls tidning gestaltat gärningsmännen utifrån avvikelser i vederbörandes personlighet och bakgrund. Hos 20-åringen var gestaltningen nyanserad av mannens psykiska ohälsa medan gestaltningen av 22-åringen var influerad av mannens bakgrund med droger och kriminalitet. Pressetiskt visade sig ett ställningstagande från tidningens sida där man gick ut med den ena gärningsmannens identitet i form av både bild och namn, medan den andra gärningsmannen förblev anonym.I analysen med fokus på gärningsmännens offer, var resultatet att namn och bild publicerades på alla tre offren. I fallet Tova Moberg fann jag att det till viss del fanns ett allmänintresse då hon från början var anmäld som försvunnen. I fallet Vanja Nilsson och Kjell List fann jag däremot inget uppenbart allmänintresse i identifierandet av offer, att Hudiksvalls tidning är en lokaltidning visade sig däremot vara av betydelse. / In less than six months three people are murdered in the county of Hudiksvall, Sweden. The homicides were described as brutal and received a lot of media attention. A 20-year-old man was later convicted for the murder of Vanja Nilsson and Kjell List and a 22-year-old man are later convicted for the murder of Tova Moberg. The ambition with this paper has been to examine how Hudiksvalls newspaper, with the help of framing and dramaturgy creates a media image of a person. In this case, an image of two men, from the moment they were arrested, until penalty was given by the district court. Another ambition was to investigate how the same newspaper handled the media coverage in relation with the [Swedish] press ethical framework, both in its reporting about the perpetrators and its victims.Theoretical framework relevant to this essay has been framing theory and dramaturgy. These show how and with which means you make and portray events and individuals in the media. Media and crime were also a big theoretical asset since its main focus is on the relation between media and crimes. The [Swedish] press ethical framework was necessary as a theoretical approach since one of the essays main issues were to see how Hudiksvalls newspaper handled the media coverage in relation to the press ethical guidelines. The essay is mainly qualitative but has been strengthened by quantitative method.The analysis showed that Hudiksvalls newspaper portrayed the perpetrators based on abnormalities in their personality and backgrounds. The image of the 20-year-old man was shaded by the his psychological problems, while the image of the 22-year-old was influenced by his background with drugs and crimes. The analysis also showed that the newspaper revealed the identity of one of the perpetrators’, while the other offender remained anonymous.In the analysis focusing on the perpetrators' victims, the result showed that names and images were published off all three victims. In the case of Tova Moberg, I found that to some extent there was a public interest since she initially was reported as a missing person. However, in the case of Vanja Nilsson and Kjell List I found no obvious public interest in revealing their identity, all though the fact that Hudiksvalls newspaper is a local newspaper, proved to be of importance in the matter.

This study examines the framing of Syria fighters in Swedish newspapers during selected time periods of 2016 and 2017. Syria Fighters refer to individuals who travel to Syria to join the ongoing conflict, an occurrence commonly known as Foreign Fighters. Using framing analysis and framing theory the study finds that Syria fighters and their actions are framed mainly as problematic and as a negative social phenomenon. The study also makes a comparison to similar, previous research of Dutch and Flemish newspapers and finds clear similarities as well as differences.

The following thesis describes and analyses the representation of lung cancer in the Canadian print media. The thesis employs a theoretical framework comprised of Giddens’ theory of reflexivity and Goffman’s theory of framing, to understand the social dynamics of negotiation behind the disease’s portrayal in the media, in a late modern context. Late modernity was defined by institutional reflexivity and a focus on understanding and mitigating risk. The research was conducted through a content analysis and examined quantitative trends that contributed to a subsequent qualitative interpretation. The results show that the coverage of lung cancer decreased over time. The analysis shows a discourse of a biomedical institution that has unsuccessfully controlled the disease, a lack of patient advocacy, particularly among celebrities, and a continued conflation of smoking behaviour and lung cancer, all of which contributed to the decreasing coverage. The framing processes point to a society focused on understanding risk through studying the disease’s causes, as well as one concerned with legislative debate and behavioural prevention. The emergence of a frame focused on the patient’s lived experience might contribute to an improved representation of the disease.

Considering the massive role that media plays in our lives, it can be interesting to wonder how different movements have adapted and become one with this new reality. A reality where most information we receive seems filtered through some form of media input, be it popular culture, social media or the news. Focusing on one of the most relevant movements of our time, the LGBT movement. This study attempts to explore the movements relationship with the Swedish news-media through a reading of Frame Theory, picking out certain Swedish news-articles published in 2019, and asking the research question: Do the selected articles tend to prioritize certain perspectives on LGBT activism, through their framing? With the perspectives analyzed and understood through queer theory, this study found that the selected articles tended to prioritize certain perspectives over others, perspectives that came with several heteronormative and other problematic tendencies.

For the first time in almost 80 years, a war has broken out in Europe. On February 24 2022 Russia invaded Ukraine. Even though this in fact is the first big scale war in Europe since the Second World War ended in 1945, Europe has been part of the consequences of war on a more common occasion.  Immigration has, in some regard, been the number one topic of the debate in both Swedish politics and media since the big refugee flows from the Syrian war started reaching Europe. It has been a heated debate. Some say that the media is framing the debate in favor of Ukrainian refugees and that the journalists in the Swedish news industry are affecting the audience to a more welcoming attitude towards Ukrainians than Syrians, through the narrative the media has created.   This study aimed to understand which narrative was used in Dagens Nyeter to describe the people fleeing each war. Our research material about Syrians consisted of articles published in Dagens Nyheter between September 2nd and October 2nd 2015 and articles about Ukrainians published between February 24th and March 24th 2022. Through agenda-setting theory, framing theory and news evaluation theory this study clarified what described the two wars and in which way the audience later got to experience and evaluate the news.  The result confirmed our original hypothesis. People fleeing the war in Ukraine are described with personalized and humbling circumstances, such as pregnant women and children. In contrast, people fleeing Syria were described as refugees and migrants, which on one hand is accurate, but doesn't affect the audience in the same way as more personalized descriptions. Moreover, the results in combination with earlier studies, show that the portraying that takes place in the media does affect how the audience later tends to create their perception of reality.

Transitioning towards renewable energy sources is crucial in mitigating climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Global energy consumption is expected to increase 50 % by 2050, meaning one of today’s main challenges is complying with those demands without tampering with the uncertainties of global climate change. To address climate change renewable energy sources are essential and wind power plays a great role in the energy matrix. Brazil is one of the front runners in the energy transition, where wind power has expanded since the early 2000’s. The state of Bahia, in Northeastern Brazil, is currently the region where wind energy is expanding the most. However, conflicts related to territoriality and justice aspects are increasing in the state due to the fast-expanding wind energy sector. This study applies document and content analysis to explore the multiple narratives regarding the wind energy expansion in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Framing theory and theories addressing power struggles and conflicts in relation to the energy transition will guide the analysis of the 27 documents included in the material.  Based on the analysis of the Bahian case, this study shows that different actors frame the matter of wind energy expansion differently depending on their positionings. Civil society and local perspectives are not present in policies and decision-making processes, including the planning and installation of wind energy parks in the studied case. The results suggest that inclusion and participation of local actors, stakeholders and the civil society is essential to ensure a just and sustainable transition to clean energy sources.

The Polish Law and Justice party has initiated domestic policies and regulations that challenge women’s rights. Poland is a member of the European Union where the gender inequality issues have never had such a high priority before and the union is currently operating under the Gender Mainstreaming strategy alongside with additional approaches. The two folded aim of this thesis is to create an understanding on how the Polish politicalauthorities can present backsliding tendencies of women’s rights by studying how thedomestic political institutions frame gender equality policies and Gender Mainstreaming followed by how the Polish political agents can legitimize the framings and implementations to the Polish society through the public discourse. A qualitative discourse analysis will be applied on materials from the EU, Polish politicalprograms and secondary sources such as news articles. The empirical findings suggest that the backsliding is part of a non-linear process where the Polish framing and implementation of policies on gender equality both converge and diverge from the EU. In the latest years, an incremental process of backsliding tendencies has appeared. As for the political discourse, the gender equality policies often end up in the background, overruled by pro-family policies. Also, the inadequate implementations and domestic framings is legitimized by the referencesto the foundational ideas of Polish society, where the EU challenges the traditional familywith “harmful gender ideologies”.

Coronapandemin är en av de största kriserna på flera decennier och har gjort att Sveriges regering stått inför en situation där kriskommunikation krävs. En av de primära kommunikationsmedel som Sveriges regering har använt under pandemin är presskonferenser. Syftet med studien är att genom en gestaltningsanalys se hur Sveriges regering har gestaltat pandemin i sina presskonferenser. Analysen ska också besvara hur gestaltningen förändrats under olika faser av krisen. En språklig analys gjordes på 20 presskonferenser publicerade mellan 24 februari 2020 och den 16 september 2021 där ett förbestämt ramverk, teorier kring kriskommunikation och CERC-modellen utgjorde grunden för analysen. Studiens förbestämda ramverk är baserat på CDC och WHO:s rekommendationer inom kriskommunikation och har använts tidigare i liknande studier. Studiens resultat visar på liknande inramningar i alla valda presskonferenser från pandemin. Ramarna Budskap till allmänheten och Uttryck av empati var två inramningar som identifierades i samtliga presskonferenser. Hur allmänheten kan hjälpa till, Klargörande av fakta, Åtgärder som för närvarande vidtas och Åtgärder som kommer att vidtas var andra inramningar som identifierades ofta, särskilt under vissa tidsperioder av pandemin. Innebörden av ramarna är också något som skiljer sig mellan olika faser, framför allt Budskap till allmänheten och Uttryck av empati. / The covid-19 pandemic is one of the worst health crises in many decades, and it has put the Swedish government into a situation where crisis communication is needed. One of the primary tools for communication used by the Swedish government is press conferences. The aim of the study is to determine how the Swedish government has framed the pandemic through the press conferences. This will be done through a framing analysis. The study will also determine how the framing has changed through different phases of the crisis. A linguistic analysis was made on 20 press conferences published between February 24th 2020 and September 16th 2021 with a predetermined framework, theories in crisis communication and the CERC-model as base for the study. The predetermined framework is based on CDC and WHO recommendations in crisis communication and has been used in similar studies earlier.  The result of the study shows similar framing in all chosen press conferences from the pandemic. The frames Key messages to the public and Expression of empathy were two frames that could be identified in all press conferences. How the public can help, Clarification of facts, Actions currently being taken and Action that will be taken were frames that also could be identified in several press conferences, especially in specific phases of the pandemic. The signification of the frame was also something that changed through different phases, particularly Key messages to the public and Expression of empathy.

In this paper I argue that in a mediatized Australia, where media are increasingly constructing society and culture as a whole, racializing frames used by Melbourne newspapers The Age and Herald Sun during a two-month period in 2018 contribute to the continued ‘othering’ of the ‘highly visible’ Sudanese-Australian and Sudanese refugee communities, and the erosion of the policy, and lived reality, of multiculturalism in Australia. Building upon the existing extensive body of research about the representation of refugee groups in Australian media, I use media framing theory to inform my analysis. In order to understand what media frames the Melbourne print media constructed around the ‘African gang crisis’ in 2018 I chose to conduct a quantitative and qualitative content analysis of the types of sources used, and the quotes referenced, within the news articles. The analysis shows that ‘the media’ cannot be treated as one homogenous ‘sense-making’ group, as latent patterns of dominating source types as used by each newspaper point to specific ‘newsroom frames’ for each outlet. These ‘newsroom frames’ should be taken into account when exploring the media frames and, specifically, the role of racializing frames, in understanding the ‘othering’ of black Sudanese people in Australia in relation to the country’s ‘white majority’. Only with this understanding can we begin to dismantle the lingering impact of the country’s ‘White Australia Policy’ past and make multiculturalism the solid foundation of Australia’s future.