Les différentes et nombreuses études menées sur le biface depuis le XIXème siècle, révèlent une multiplicité de fonctions potentielles, donnant l’image d’un outil polyfonctionnel. Néanmoins, cette vision est biaisée et découle de l’absence de corrélation entre les données issues des analyses fonctionnelles et la classification typologique en vigueur. Ainsi l’objectif de ce travail est de constituer des groupes d’outils bifaciaux aux potentiels fonctionnels communs et de les rattacher, quand cela est possible, à un mode d’action spécifique. Pour cela, ce travail se propose de corréler les données productionnelles et fonctionnelles par le biais d’une analyse structurelle, expérimentale et tracéologique. Cette dernière a été effectuée aux dépens de 5 séries de bifaces provenant de 4 sites du Sud-Est de la France, datés du Pléistocène moyen. Les résultats obtenus permettent de mettre en évidence neuf groupes de bifaces avec des potentialités fonctionnelles spécifiques. Parmi ces groupes, trois sont corrélés à des fonctionnements eux-mêmes particuliers. Ainsi, pour les sites étudiés, le terme de biface recouvre a minima trois types d’outils : des outils de coupes rentrantes caractérisés par un tranchant d’angle aigu sur un bord en association avec la pointe ; des outils de coupe en percussion lancée caractérisés par un tranchant transversal sur un support avec une base corticale épaisse ; et des outils portant des traces de percussion sur une pointe robuste associée à une base épaisse et corticale, potentiellement destinés à fouir/creuser. Il apparaît ainsi que, dans le Sud-Est de la France au Pléistocène moyen, le biface n’est pas un outil polyfonctionnel. Le terme recouvre ici plusieurs groupes d’outils bifaciaux aux potentialités fonctionnelles diverses. Deux fonctionnements principaux - translation longitudinale et percussion lancée indirecte - sont associés à des outils bifaciaux présentant des morphologies spécifiques. Il est possible d’observer un usage du façonnage bifacial différent en fonction des gisements. Les différents outils bifaciaux ne sont pas tous représentés de la même manière, reflétant des contraintes extrinsèques ou intrinsèques et ajoutant de la variabilité à la définition de l’Acheuléen. / Since the XIX century dinstinct and numerous studies on bifaces reveal a multiplicity of potential function, giving the impression of a multifunctional tool. However this vision is biased and come from the absence of correlation between data from functional analyses and data from typological classification. Thus the objective of this work is to compose bifacial tool group depending from them potential function and when it’s possible to link them to a specific action.For this purpose, this works intend to correlate productional and functional data by structural, experimental and traceologic analyses. The latter has been done on 5 biface serie from 4 sites in the South-East France, dated from the Middle Pleistocene.Achieved results highlight nine biface groups with specific functional potentiality. Among these groups, three are correlated with particular function. Thus, for the site studied, the term biface cover a least three tools type: “coupe rentrante” tools characterize by an acute angle edge on a board associated with the tip; cutting tools in pitched percussion characterize by a transversal edge on a support with a thick cortical base; and tools bearing percussion marks on a robust tip associate to a thick and cortical base, potentially aim to dig.In the South-East France during the Middle Pleistocene the biface doesn’t appears to be a multifunctional tool. This term cover here different bifacial tool group with diverse functional potentiality. Two principal functions – longitudinal translation and indirect pitch percussion- are associate to bifacial tools presenting specific morphology. It is possible to observe a different use of the bifacial “faconnage” depending the deposit. Bifacial tools are not represent in the same way, reflecting extrinsic or intrinsic constraint and adding variability for the Acheulean definition.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-06-20T13:26:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Natanael Ribeiro de Sousa.pdf: 1394128 bytes, checksum: 106cf0ef44c16eb2fa399ec4bfd65aba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-20T13:26:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Natanael Ribeiro de Sousa.pdf: 1394128 bytes, checksum: 106cf0ef44c16eb2fa399ec4bfd65aba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-20 / The present study aimed to evaluate the control exerted by the antecedent events and consequent of the excesses and behavioral deficits, as well as the sensorial stimulations of three participants who were hospitalized in religious community intuition as a result of the use and abuse of chemical substances with hospital readmission history. The objective was also to treat these types of behaviors with the use of a self-management program. To evaluate the behaviors, the functional evaluation process was used, through indirect observation using interviews, direct observation of the participants' behaviors at different moments in the institution, and functional (experimental) analysis. In order to control the procedures of the functional analysis, a multiple-element design was used, with the manipulation of four sub- conditions: attention, demand escapes, alone and control, and attention condition was manipulated in four sub-conditions: attention-warning, attention -contraposition, attentionexhortation and attention-recrimination. For the control of the procedures during the selfmanagement sessions, the ABAB-type replication-replication design was used, followed by follow-up of 30, 60, 90 and 150 days. The results of the functional analysis indicated that the highest frequencies of participants' behaviors occurred in the attention condition, demand escape, followed by the control condition. In the condition alone there were no emissions of excesses and behavioral deficits, being frequent the sensorial stimulations. Regarding data from the self-management program, the results indicated high occurrences of excesses and behavioral deficits and sensorial stimulation during the baseline phase and important reductions of these behaviors during the intervention phase, which reductions were maintained at the follow-up. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the selfmanagement program. Due to these results, the use of the functional analysis methodology to experimentally evaluate the effects of antecedent and consequent events on behaviors is justified, as well as the use of a self-management program in studies that require behavioral change for individuals with a history of use and drug abuse. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o controle exercido pelos eventos antecedentes e consequentes dos excessos e déficits comportamentais, bem como as estimulações sensoriais de três participantes que se encontravam internados em intuição comunitária religiosa em decorrência do uso e abuso de substâncias químicas com histórico de reinternação. Objetivouse também tratar estes tipos de comportamentos com o uso de um programa de autogerenciamento. Para avaliar os comportamentos foi empregado o processo de avaliação funcional, por meio de observação indireta com o uso de entrevistas, observação direta dos comportamentos dos participantes em diferentes momentos na instituição e a análise funcional (experimental). Para o controle dos procedimentos da análise funcional foi usado o delineamento de múltiplos elementos, com a manipulação de quatro condições principais: atenção, fuga de demanda, sozinho e controle, sendo que condição de atenção foi manipulada em quatro subcondições: atenção-advertência, atenção-contraposição, atenção-exortação e atenção- recriminação. Para o controle dos procedimentos durante as sessões do autogerenciamento foi usado o delineamento de reversão-replicação do tipo ABAB, seguido de follow-up de 30, 60, 90 e 150 dias. Os resultados da análise funcional apontaram que as maiores frequências dos comportamentos dos participantes ocorreram na condição de atenção, fuga de demanda, seguida pela condição de controle. Na condição sozinho não houve emissões dos excessos e déficits comportamentais, sendo frequentes as estimulações sensoriais. Em relação aos dados do programa de autogerenciamento os resultados apontaram altas ocorrências dos excessos e déficits comportamentais e as estimulações sensoriais durante a fase de linha de base e importantes reduções destes comportamentos durante a fase de intervenção, reduções estas que se mantiveram no follow-up. Estes resultados demonstram a eficácia do programa de autogerenciamento. Em função destes resultados, justifica-se o uso da metodologia de análise funcional para avaliar experimentalmente os efeitos dos eventos antecedentes e consequentes sobre comportamentos, bem como o emprego de um programa de autogerenciamento em estudos que exigem mudança comportamental para indivíduos com histórico de uso e abuso de drogas.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-09-26T20:49:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JULIO CÉSAR ALVES.pdf: 1018235 bytes, checksum: 15f547efb031a109bdccb1752c168466 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-26T20:49:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JULIO CÉSAR ALVES.pdf: 1018235 bytes, checksum: 15f547efb031a109bdccb1752c168466 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-19 / The present study assessed and treated bizarre verbal responses of three participants diagnosed with schizophrenia and was based on theoretical and practical fundamentals of Behavior Analysis. In order to do so we analyzed the control exerted by antecedent and consequent events on verbal responses of the participants, who were all female, with ages varying between 48 and 63 years. The participants were interned in a mental health institution. A functional assessment process was conduced using indirect and direct observation and functional (experimental) analysis. The functional analysis involved the manipulation of environmental events across four conditions: attention, control, demand escape and alone, being that the attention condition was subdivided in three other conditions in which disapproving, reverse and stare were manipulated. For the demand condition a task that could be avoided or delayed was presented. In order to assess the sensorial stimulation each participant was left alone in a room. One condition with high density schedule of reinforcement served as control. When treating bizarre verbal responses we used DRA (Differential Reinforcement of Alternative behavior) and the verbal discrimination controlled by an alternated treatment experimental design and a follow-up. The results show that the occurrences of measured responses increased in attention conditions and decreased in demand and control conditions. In alone condition the responses never occurred. It is evident that social attention is a powerful reinforcer for bizarre verbal responses. Based on the data collected throughout the study, we concluded that the control of responding exerted by the antecedent events offer a more satisfying description of the control exerted by consequences. Regarding the treatment, the data show that the frequency of the bizarre verbal responses decreased and the appropriate ones increased. It is worth highlighting that the presence of different antecedent conditions changed the likelihood of occurrence of bizarre verbal responses, which justifies the analysis of the control exerted both by antecedent and consequent events upon inappropriate responding of people diagnosed with schizophrenia. / O presente estudo avaliou e tratou das respostas verbais bizarras de três pessoas com o diagnóstico de esquizofrenia a partir dos fundamentos teóricos e práticos da análise do comportamento. Para essa finalidade foi analisado o controle exercido pelos eventos antecedentes e consequentes sobre as respostas verbais das participantes, do sexo feminino, cujas idades variaram entre 48 a 63 anos. As participantes se encontravam internadas em uma instituição de saúde mental. Usou-se o processo avaliação funcional por observação indireta, direta e a análise funcional (experimental). A análise funcional envolveu a manipulação de eventos ambientais em quatro condições principais: atenção, controle, fuga de demanda e sozinho, sendo que a condição de atenção foi subdividida em três subcondições com o desaprovar, o inverter e o encarar manipulados. Para a condição de demanda, foi oferecida uma tarefa que poderia ser retirada ou adiada. Para avaliar a estimulação sensorial, cada participante foi deixada sozinha na sala. Uma condição com esquema denso de reforçadores serviu como controle. Para tratar as respostas verbais bizarras foi empregado o DRA (reforçamento diferencial de comportamentos alternativos) e a discriminação verbal controlados pelo delineamento de tratamentos alternados seguido de follow-up. Os resultados apontaram que as ocorrências das respostas ocorreram principalmente nas condições de atenção, sendo que nas condições de demanda e controle, poucas foram às emissões destas respostas. Já na condição sozinho, a frequencia foi zero. Ficou evidenciado ser a atenção social um potente reforçador para as respostas verbais bizarras. Com base nos dados deste estudo, conclui-se que o controle do responder exercido pelos eventos antecedentes melhor elucida o controle exercido pelos eventos consequentes. Em relação ao tratamento os dados apontaram que as frequências das respostas verbais diminuíram e as apropriadas aumentaram. Destaca-se que a presença de diferentes condições antecedentes as respostas verbais bizarras alteraram sua probabilidade de ocorrência, o que justifica a importância de se analisar, com igual relevância, o controle pelos eventos antecedentes e consequentes sobre o responder inapropriado de pessoas com o diagnóstico de esquizofrenia

Functional analyses (FAs) are a common tool used in the assessment and treatment of severe problem behaviors and often occur in the context of clinical settings with unfamiliar, trained staff. Previous research suggests that inconsistent outcomes can emerge when caregivers with an existing history of seeing their child’s challenging behavior are trained to implement the assessment in place of clinical staff. The purpose of the current study was to expand on existing literature by comparing FA implemented by clinical staff and caregivers in the context of a clinical setting. Results demonstrate that efficient identification of function and differentiated rates of problem behavior given the inclusion of caregivers during assessment may vary based on the child’s existing history of responding with those caregivers. Implications of results for researchers and practitioners are discussed.

Dans ce travail, on commence par donner des critères de continuité automatique pour des représentations de groupes topologiques dans des algèbres de Banach. Deux approches différentes sont présentées : l'une utilisant la décomposition de Glicksberg-De Leeuw s'applique aux groupes localement compacts, l'autre, basée sur un résultat d'équicontinuité de suites de fonctions de type positif, aux groupes polonais (non forcément localement compacts). Typiquement, on exprime la continuité d'une représentation par celle de ses composées par des formes linéaires continues sur l'algèbre de représentation. On déduit de ce qui précède des résultats de continuité automatique de morphismes de groupes topologiques. Dans une seconde partie, on applique les résultats de la première pour obtenir des propriétés d'étalement du spectre des éléments de l'image de la représentation en dehors d'un sous-ensemble " petit " en divers sens du groupe dans le cas abélien. La troisième partie généralise partiellement les résultats de la seconde au cas des groupes de Lie (non abéliens en précisant ainsi, dans ce cas, un théorème obtenu par J.M. Paoli et J.C. Tomasi. Mots clefs : Groupes localement compacts, groupes polonais, groupes de Lie, Algèbres de Banach, représentations de groupes, continuité automatique, spectre d'opérateurs.

In this thesis, we study two problems. The first problem is to introduce the general version of Abramovich-Wickstead type spaces and investigate its order properties. In particular, we study the ideals, order bounded sets, disjointness properties, Dedekind completion and the norm properties of this Riesz space. We also define a new concrete example of Riesz space-valued uniformly continuous functions, denoted by CDr0 which generalizes the original Abramovich-Wickstead space. It is also shown that similar spaces CD0 and CDw introduced earlier by Alpay and Ercan are decomposable lattice-normed spaces. The second problem is related to analytic representations of different classes of dominated operators on these spaces. Our main representation theorems say that regular linear operators on CDr0 or linear dominated operators on CD0 may be represented as the sum of integration with respect to operator-valued measure and summation operation. In the case when the operator is order continuous or bo-continuous, then these representations reduce to discrete parts.

For degenerate elliptic partial differential equations, it is often desirable to show that a weak solution is smooth. The first and most difficult step in this process is establishing local Hölder continuity. Sufficient conditions for establishing continuity have already been documented in [FP], [SW1], and [MRW], and their necessity in [R]. However, the complexity of the equations discussed in those works makes it difficult to understand the core structure of the arguments employed. Here, we present a harmonic-analytic method for establishing Hölder continuity of weak solutions in context of a simple linear equation div(Q?u) = f in a homogeneous space structure in order to showcase the form of the argument. Ad- ditionally, we correct an oversight in the adaptation of the John-Nirenberg inequality presented in [SW1], restricting it to a much smaller class of balls.

Bayesian principle is conceptually simple and intuitively plausible to carry out but its numerical implementation is not always straightforward. Most of the times we have posterior distributions in terms of complicated analytical funs ions and be known only up to a multiplicative constant. Hence it becomes computationally difficult to attain the marginal densities and the moments of the posterior distributions in closed form. In the present study the leading methods, both analytical and numerical, for implementing Bayesian inference has been explored. In particular, the non-iterative Monte Carlo method known as Importance Sampling has been applied to approximate the posterior expectations of the Lognormal and Cauchy distributions, belonging to the Exponential family and the non-Exponential family of distributions respectively. Sample values from these distributions have been simulated through computer programming. Calculations are done mostly by C++ programming language and Mathematica. / Department of Mathematical Sciences

La sévérité du paludisme est influencée par des interactions complexes entre de nombreux facteurs dont la génétique de l’hôte. Plusieurs études de liaison génétique menées dans différentes ethnies africaines ont montré une liaison entre le locus 6p21 et le paludisme simple. De plus, différents variants au sein des gènes TNF et NCR3, retrouvés dans ce locus, ont été indépendamment associés à ce phénotype au Burkina Faso.Ainsi, nous nous sommes tout d’abord intéressés aux polymorphismes du TNF. Nos résultats montrent que les variants TNF-308, TNF-244, et TNF-238 sont associés à la parasitémie maximale ou aux accès simples au Congo. Les approches moléculaires indiquent que le TNF-244 a un effet cis-régulateur avec une activité promotrice réduite en présence du variant A ainsi qu’une fixation altérée de protéines nucléaires en présence de ce même variant. Enfin, nos analyses bio-informatiques suggèrent que le TNF-244 et le TNF-238 agissent en synergie pour modifier le site de fixation d’au moins un facteur de transcription.Nous avons ensuite confirmé l’association du NCR3-412 avec le paludisme simple et le nombre d’accès fébrile au Congo. Les analyses fonctionnelles montrent que ce SNP a aussi un effet cis-régulateur avec une activité promotrice accrue en présence de l’allèle G et une liaison altérée de deux complexes protéiques en présence de l’allèle C. Les approches in silico et in vitro indiquent que les facteurs STAT4 et RUNX3 sont ceux dont la fixation est altérée.NCR3-412 altérant la résistance à la forme simple du paludisme, nous avons souhaité déterminer s’il est aussi impliqué dans la résistance au paludisme sévère mais nous n’avons détecté aucune association. / The severity of malaria is influenced by complex interactions between many factors including host genetics. Numerous genetic studies conducted in different African ethnic groups have shown a significant linkage between the 6p21 locus and mild malaria attack. In addition to their linkage, several polymorphisms found under the linkage peak, and more precisely within TNF and NCR3, were also independently associated with different sub-phenotypes of mild malaria in Burkina Faso.Thus, we first focused on TNF polymorphisms. Among the 4 polymorphisms analyzed, we found associations between TNF-238, TNF-244, TNF-308 and either mild malaria attack or maximum parasitemia. Molecular approaches showed that TNF-244 has a cis-regulatory effect. Indeed, we observe a decreased promoter activity and an altered binding of nuclear proteins in the presence of the A variant. In addition, our bioinformatics analyses suggested a cooperative effect of TNF-244 and TNF-238 in modifying the binding of at least one transcription factor.We then confirmed the association of NCR3-412 with both mild malaria and the number of febrile episodes in Congo. Functional analyses have shown that this SNP has also a cis-regulatory effect with a decreased promoter activity and an altered binding of two nuclear protein complexes in the presence of the C allele. Finally, in silico and in vitro approaches indicated that STAT4 and RUNX3 are the two transcription factors affected.As NCR3-412 is associated with resistance to mild malaria, we therefore investigated whether this SNP is also involved in severe malaria resistance, but we did not detect any association neither with severe anemia nor with cerebral malaria.

La mort d'autrui est une épreuve que les communautés humaines ont dû apprendre à surmonter dès les premiers temps de l'Humanité. Ce travail est une exploration des différentes réponses proposées par l'homme face au problème de la perte de l'autre à travers les gestes effectués sur le corps mort, depuis les soins thanatopraxiques jusqu'aux funérailles en plusieurs temps ou la création de reliques.La manipulation post-mortem des corps fournit régulièrement à l'archéologue des “dépôts secondaires” ou des dépôts primaires ayant subi des manipulations anthropiques post-dépositionnelles. Ces dépôts impliquent une gestion complexe et planifiée du processus funéraire et, en général, des gestes / pratiques / cérémonies en plusieurs épisodes. Cette thèse propose un éclaircissement des concepts et de la nomenclature liés à ces dépôts spécifiques. Une analyse transchronologique et transculturelle d’études de cas archéologiques et ethnologiques nous permet d'éclairer ces phénomènes mortuaires complexes dans leur dimension anthropologique. / Human remains resulting from sophisticated mortuary treatments represent a preferred information source about the organization of societies and about the belief systems of ancient people. Thereby, on the archaeological field, secondary deposits, sacred artefacts made of humain bones or dismembered burials emerge as precious raw material in order to reconstruct gestures, practices and finally the symbolic discourse built around those dead who are selected to become particular protective entities, perhaps Ancestors. This work includes the study of double-funerals ceremonies and manipulations of human bones in funerary or ritual contexts but also complicated pre-funerals treatments (exposure, dismemberment, mummification) in a transcultural and transchronological perspective. Human remains and spacial data from archaeological contexts have been analyzed using bioanthropological and traceological approach in order to reconstruct complex mortuary operating sequences. An ethnoarcheological study on multiple-steps funerals has been led in order to interpret archaeological remains