Thesis advisor: Lisa Cuklanz / For my Communication Honors Program thesis for Boston College, I plan to analyze gender roles and how gender is constructed in recent children’s films produced by Disney. Since the Disney Corporation is so prominent in today’s culture and thus influential to its audience, this topic of study is very important. It impacts many people including its main target audience—children. Existing research proves that children develop their gender schemata early in life. Furthermore, the media they interact with influences children and their concepts of gender. Therefore, the way that Disney portrays gender in its children’s movies is worth analyzing since it can impact the way children develop and view gender and stereotypes. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2013. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Communication Honors Program. / Discipline: College Honors Program. / Discipline: Communication.

abstract: While there is a good amount of research focused on sex offenders as a whole, only a limited number of studies examine variations within these offenders, how people view the variations, and why their opinions may differ. This study focuses on the interconnections among gender norms, rape myth acceptance, and the perception of sex offenders by administering an online student survey. The survey measured rape myth acceptance and adherence to traditional gender roles to see how they affected perceptions of sex offenders. Perceptions were measured using vignettes that were varied by gender and the situation described. Results showed that higher rape myth acceptance would decrease the blameworthiness of the offender, that the offender was seen as more blameworthy when the offender was a male, and that women tended to see the offender as more blameworthy than men did. The type of sexual situation did not have an impact on blameworthiness, nor did adherence to gender roles. The findings support past research that suggests that rape myth acceptance can impact people’s opinions about offenders in sexual situations and specifically that these opinions differ depending on the gender of the offender. With some offenders being viewed as more blameworthy than others, it is necessary to examine sex offense laws to see how they may disproportionately affect some offenders and implement harsher punishments than the public may deem necessary. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Criminology and Criminal Justice 2018

Critics have analyzed Leni Riefenstahl's four feature length films from 1932 to 1954 largely for their depictions of fascist ideals while often neglecting how they represent gender. Viewing Riefenstahl's films using the theoretical gender models of Judith Butler and R.W. Connell provides a greater understanding of gender roles in Germany during both the Weimar and Nazi eras. Beginning with Das Blaue Licht (The Blue Light, 1932), and continuing to Triumph des Willens (Triumph of the Will, 1935), Olympia (1938), and concluding with Tiefland (The Lowlands, 1954), there is a clear evolution of how Riefenstahl understood and represented gender. Riefenstahl's earliest film Das Blaue Licht depicts a strong and independent female protagonist in Junta, but with the rise of fascism in Germany this type of character disappears and evolve into the weak and helpless figures like Martha in Tiefland. This study will look at these films within the cultural context of early-twentieth century Germany and National Socialism to consider how Riefenstahl's films participate in the understanding, articulation, and performance of gender at a crucial turning point in the history of Western Culture.

El objetivo del presente estudio es explorar el esquema de género de un grupo de 5 mujeres feministas. Para ello, se empleó el concepto de esquema de género como marco conceptual de la investigación y se utilizó una entrevista a profundidad para la recolección de información, la cual fue examinada mediante la estrategia de análisis de contenido, bajo el diseño fenomenológico de la metodología cualitativa. Una vez concluida la investigación, se encontró que la construcción y el cambio del esquema de género se da a través de un proceso de construcción de una nueva identidad, basada en la filosofía como mujer feminista y en todo lo que las participantes rechazan en relación al rol social que se le adjudica a las mujeres y los varones. / The objective of this study is to explore the gender scheme of a group of 5 feminist women. For this, the concept of gender scheme was used as a conceptual framework for research and an in-depth interview was used for the collection of information, which was examined through the content analysis strategy, under the phenomenological design of the qualitative methodology. Once the investigation was completed, it was found that the construction and change of the gender scheme occurs through a process of building a new identity, based on the philosophy as a feminist woman and on everything that the participants reject in relation to the social role assigned to women and men. / Tesis

This research explores the relationship between gender role stereotypes and art interpretation. The study focuses on survey results collected from high school students in an art education classroom and undergraduate college students in an art exploration course. The aim of the study was to determine if gender role stereotypes affects the way that individuals perceive artwork as created by a male or female artist. Results show that gender role stereotyping along with the gender of the participant affects the symbolism within the artwork that results in the attribution of artwork being created by a male or female artists. It also demonstrates a perceived decrease in gender role stereotypes of males over the past 42 years.

The purpose of this study was to determine how perceived gender roles developed throughout childhood and early adulthood impacted the career decisions of women in science-related career fields. An additional purpose was to determine if my experiences as I analyzed the data and the propositions discovered in the study would become a transformative agent for me. A multicase framework was utilized so that within and between case analyses could be achieved. Four women who showed early promise in science were chosen as the case study participants. The relationship of gender roles to the career decisions made by the four cases were arbitrated through three areas: (a) supports, which came from parents, immediate family members, spouses, teachers, mentors, and collaborators; (b) opportunities, which were separated into family experiences and opportunities, school and community opportunities, and postsecondary/current opportunities; and (c) postmodern feminism, which was the lens that grounded this study and fit well with the lives of the cases. As seen through a postmodern feminist lens, the cases’ social class, their lived experiences tied to their opportunities and supports, and the culture of growing up in a small rural community helped them develop personas for the professions they chose even where those professions did not necessarily follow from the early promise shown for a sciencerelated career. In addition, as related to my transformation as a male researcher, being a male conducting research in a realm most often shared by women, I was able to gain greater empathy and understanding of what it takes for women to be successful in a career and at the same time maintain a fruitful family life.

The purpose of this study is that through qualitative interviews research the #metoo movement’s influence. The research questions involves how the #metoo movement in relation to gender differences and power has affected the subjects of the study to think, feel, and act. The method for the study is that through an inductive approach and qualitative interviews, via strategic selection of ten subjects, find an answer to the objective of the study. The results of the study clearly show that the respondents have a positive attitude of the #MeToo movement, but are shocked about the frequency of sexual violations, which emerged via the media, social media, friends and acquaintances. The study shows the different views between men and women on how they value testimonies. The sexual violations #metoo refer to are by the subjects seen as a matter of a social problem concerning men’s behavior, founded in humanity’s origin. All respondents think that the perpetrators alone are responsible for the assaults, while they deem prevention is everyone’s responsibility. The solution that all respondents unanimously suggested was the introduction of education at an early age in school, about desirable behaviors in interpersonal relationships, and the individual's self-determination over their body. / Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att via en empirisk studie undersöka #metoo-rörelsens påverkan. Frågeställningarna rör hur #metoo-rörelsen, i relation till maktbalansen mellan kvinnor och män, påverkar kvinnors och mäns sätt att tänka, känna och agera. Metoden för studien är att med induktiv ansats och kvalitativ intervju via strategiskt urval av tio respondenter söka besvara syftet. Av resultatet för studien framgår med tydlighet hur intervjupersonerna upplever sig positivt inställda till #metoo-rörelsen och dess budskap, men är chockerade över omfattningen av sexuella övergrepp och trakasserier mot kvinnor vilket framkommit via massmedia, sociala medier, vänner och bekanta. Männen och kvinnorna i studien har olika syn på värdering av vittnesbörd. De sexuella överträdelser som #metoo relaterar till ses av intervjupersonerna som ett beteendemässigt samhällsproblem hos män, med grund i människans ursprung. Alla intervjupersoner anser att ansvaret för övergrepp som skett ligger hos förövaren, medan preventivt motarbetande av problematiken ses som ett samhällsansvar på politikernivå såväl som individuell nivå. Den lösning intervjupersonerna samstämmigt föreslog för att motverka de sociala problematik #metoo relaterar till, var införande av utbildning tidigt i skolan om eftersträvansvärda beteenden i mellanmänskliga relationer, och individens egenbestämmande över sin kropp.

<p>Konflikter finns överallt i samhället, inte minst i organisationer och företag. Att beskriva olika ledares sätt att hantera konfliktsituationer i sitt ledarskap var därför intressant. Syftet med studien var att undersöka ledares upplevelser av ledarskap och sätt att hantera konflikter. Undersökningen baserades på 14 intervjuer med ledare som har personalansvar från både privat och offentlig sektor. Studien är könsmässigt balanserad. En kvalitativ ansats valdes för att få en så rik och beskrivande bild som möjligt. Resultatet visade att ledare agerar utifrån en omedveten strategi för att hantera konflikter. Samtidigt framkom att det fanns paralleller mellan ledarskapstil och sättet att hantera konflikter. En könsaspekt beaktades också i undersökningen. Inga direkta könsskillnader kunde påvisas härvidlag.</p>

<p>En mängd forskning har gjorts kring kvinnors hinder att nå chefspositioner och vilka fördomar kvinnliga chefer möter. Många studier visar att fördomar bottnar i bristande överensstämmelse mellan den kvinnliga könsrollen och ledarskapsrollen. Syftet med studien (n = 683) var att undersöka attityder till ledarskap och jämföra hur män och kvinnor inom två könssegregerade yrkesgrupper, sjuksköterskor och poliser, attribuerar manliga respektive kvinnliga egenskaper till ledaregenskaper. Hypoteserna baserades bland annat</p><p>på social identitetsteori. Resultatet visade att bägge yrkesgrupper förknippade framgångsrikt ledarskap med både kvinnliga och manliga egenskaper. Dock var sjuksköterskors skattning av kvinnliga egenskaper kontra ledaregenskaper högre än deras skattning av manliga egenskaper i förhållande till ledaregenskaper. Signifikant högre grad av fördomsbenägenhet gentemot kvinnliga ledare kunde påvisas bland poliserna.</p> / <p>It has been shown that barriers and prejudice’s impede women’s progress to managerial levels. Studies show that prejudice’s derives from perceived sextyping of the managerial role. The aim of the present (n = 683) study was to examine attitudes towards leadership and compare how men and women within two gender segregated occupational groups, nurses and polices, attributes male and female characteristics to successful management. The hypotheses were based on social identity theory. Results revealed that both occupational groups associate successful management with both male and female characteristics. However, nurses’ valuation of female characteristics counter managerial characteristics was higher than their valuation of male characteristics versus managerial characteristics. A significant higher level of prejudice towards female leaders was found among polices.</p>

This dissertation focuses on American women and the modern summer Olympic Games. It retraces the history of women's participation in this significant and global sporting event to study the obstacles generated by social, economic, political, and cultural gender patterns while providing a forum for female Olympians to give voice to their journeys and how they dealt with and eventually overcame some of these obstacles. The findings herein support other scholarly works, arguing that despite progress, the Olympic Games, and by extension the institution of sport in general, is and will remain a hegemonic space that allows men to maintain and reinforce their dominant position in society. It does show, however, that even though this global athletic event did not, at the collective level, result in an egalitarian redefinition of gender roles, the benefits of training and participating in the Olympics remain indisputable for the women involved--benefits no different than these enjoyed by male athletes. The Olympic Games, then, empowers women as it simultaneously reinforces their position of subordination.