This MA thesis deals with the topic of the cult of Mother Goddesses in Vietnam with special reference to South Vietnam. The subject is discussed from the point of view of cultural anthropology and special attention is paid to some specific aspects, which differentiate this popular belief from other religions. The cult of Mother Goddesses is characterised in greater detail on the basis of certain hypotheses and is viewed through the prism of various ethnologically oriented paradigms. The first part of the work describes the development of this cult, its Vietnamese specifics and its position in the context of the local religious milieu. Furthermore, the work discusses the characters of the individual Mother Goddesses and the collected theoretical knowledge is compared with the results of empirical research. On the background of the example of Mother Goddess Bà Chúa Xứ, the work elucidates certain topics, which are related to the cult of Mother Goddesses, but are considerably differentiated regionally. It is therefore necessary to present these aspects by way of concrete examples and to see them in the cultural-historical context. The second part of the work is based especially on the analyses of the results of the field research and it attempts to clarify the extent of the public knowledge about this...

This thesis examines the discursive position of 'goddess feminism', in relation to some of the difference- and eco feminist positions from the1960s and until today. In focus are the texts of the two goddess feminists, Monica Sjöö and Starhawk. The thesis contributes to a historiographical (re)situating of their political and religious narratives. It also contributes to an elaborated understanding of these goddess feminists and the goddess feminist discourse they are part of. The tentative feminist figuration 'the goddess identified feminist’ is articulated as a tool to discuss the religious and political discourse of goddess feminists as part of contemporary feminist and environmental political conversations and practices. Donna Haraway’s and Karen Barad’s post humanist theoretical interventions are used to explore and discuss the affinities between goddess feminists (re)negotiation of the subject/s 'goddess/nature/human' – and the (re)negotiation of 'nature/human’ made by new materialist/post humanist difference- and eco feminists of the 2000s. Rosi Braidotti’s writings on sexual difference, becoming and feminist figurations further informs the conclusions drawn in the thesis. Drawing on the methodological approaches of Clare Hemmings and Mieke Bal in the analysis of story-telling and subject construction, a contribution is also made, to the understanding of how story-telling as part of a discourse, produces meaning and asymmetric subject relations. In particular the thesis shows how a compassionate feminist storytelling involuntarily produces subject positions through, essentialist dualisms, hierarchical ordering and othering. In parallel, the thesis also discusses alternative narrative strategies that focus on both the discursive boarders and affinities. / Baksidestext: Det här är en bok om två gudinnefeminister och deras religiösa och politiska berättande. Men det är lika mycket en bok om ’gudinnefeminism’ och hur denna feministiska position relaterar till, skiljer sig från och överlappar med andra skillnads- och ekofeministiska positioner från 1960-talet och till idag. Magdalena Raivios doktorsavhandling omförhandlar historien om ’gudinne-feminism’. Den synliggör även innehållet i Monica Sjöös och Starhawks berättelser om samhället, gudinnan/naturen/människan, framtiden och revolu-tionen. Här visas hur problematiska generaliseringar och uppdelningar i ”vi” och ”de andra” skapas i berättandet – men att Sjöö och Starhawk även vidgar och omförhandlar innebörden av begrepp som ’kvinna’ och ’natur’. En feministisk figuration kallad ’den gudinneidentifierade feministen’ används som tentativ utgångspunkt för nutida samtal om feministiska och miljöpolitiska visioner och för-ändringsstrategier. Avhandlingens resultat styrker tidigare forskning som visat att ett ”feministiskt medkännande berättande” – trots sin välmenta ambition – ofrivilligt medverkar i skapandet av diskursiva gränser, hierarkier och generaliseringar. Som ett teoretiskt bidrag, formuleras och diskuteras här några skillnadsfeministiska ansatser till alternativa berättandestrategier.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T15:01:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 5353825 bytes, checksum: 0d54729d502335def0072bbf55a9a2b4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The subject of this dissertation is the religion of the Great Goddess in Indian scriptures, especially in the first canto of Devi Gita. This religion, belonging to Hinduism, presents itself as a devotional movement called Saktism. Its roots lie in the ancient Indian Vedic tradition, but it only became an independent movement, with its own original concepts, in the Medieval period of India. This study presents a vast outlook of the development of Saktism, from the Vedic age to the medieval Tantric Indian period, presenting information on the female deities and about other fundamental topics for the understanding of the religion of the Great Goddess. This dissertation culminates with a translation and commentary of canto I of the Devi Gita, a work belonging to the Devi Bhagavata Puraa. This scripture is recognized as an important source leading to the recognition of Saktism as an independent cult, and it is the oldest extant work where the Indian Goddess is presented as the supreme deity, as the Ultimate Reality and as the source of all creation. / Esta dissertação tem como objeto de estudo a religião da Grande Deusa nas escrituras indianas e, especialmente, no Canto I do Devi Gita. Tal religião, que faz parte do Hinduísmo, se manifesta por meio do movimento devocional denominado Saktismo, cujas raízes se encontram na antiga tradição do Veda, mas que só se constituiu como um movimento independente, embasado em concepções próprias, no período medieval indiano. Este estudo apresenta um vasto panorama do desenvolvimento do Saktismo, desde o período vêdico até o período medieval tântrico indiano, apresentando informações sobre as divindades femininas e sobre outros temas fundamentais para a compreensão da religião da Grande Deusa. A dissertação culmina com a tradução e comentário do Canto I do Devi Gita, obra que pertence ao Devi Bhagavata Puraa. Esta escritura é reconhecida como uma fonte importante no reconhecimento do Saktismo enquanto culto independente e como a obra mais antiga conhecida na qual a Deusa indiana é apresentada como divindade suprema, como Realidade Última e fonte de toda a criação.

Jusqu'à présent, plusieurs études ont été consacrées au 'Ayyâri et à ses origines, mais aucune n'a visé le cœur mythique de cette chevalerie qui se nourrie du culte de Mithra. Cette thèse étudie en premier lieu la genèse de la chevalerie iranienne et ses idéaux dans un contexte mythico-religieux où la fonction de l'lzad Mithra est analysée comme celle de la grande Déesse-Mère des sociétés archaïques mèdes et scythes bien avant la réforme religieuse de Zoroastre. En deuxième lieu, puisque la femme est le pivot de tous les événements du récit, la thèse en se basant sur les fonctions et les caractéristiques d'un Mithra féminin, étudie la place et le rôle prépondérant de la femme dans le système religieux mithriaque. L'objectif consiste à dévoiler les raisons socio-religieuses pour lesquelles la femme est considérée, depuis la religion de Zoroastre, comme un être inférieur dans toutes les religions postérieures au caractère monothéiste et dans toutes les sociétés du type patriarcal. / Till today, several studies have been devoted to Ayyâri and its origins, but none of them has pointed to the cuit of Mithra who is the mythical source of this knigtit. This thesis studies, firstly, the origins of lranian chivalry and its ideals in a mythical-religious context in which the function of the lzad Mithra is analyzed as one of the greatest Mother-Goddess of archaic societies of Medes and Scythian; well before the religious reformation of Zoroaster. Secondly, forasmuch as the woman is the axis of all events in the story, this thesis analyzes the status and leading role of women in the Mithraic religious system, based on the functions and features of a female Mithra. The aim is to reveal the socio-religious reasons for which the woman isconsidered, since the religion of Zoroaster, as an inferior in all the subsequent religions with monotheistic character and in all the patriarchal societies.

La pratique du rituel de possession de hầu bóng au Vietnam a connu une période d’interdiction pendant plus de quarante ans (de 1954 au début des années quatre-vingt-dix). Ces travaux, basés sur des études sur le terrain réalisées à la fin de cette période d’interdiction tentent d’abord de faire une description détaillée du rituel et l’état des lieux de ses cung văn «maîtres musiciens» à travers l’étude du répertoire du plus grand maître, Pham Van Kiêm. Ils proposent d’explorer ensuite les questions techniques utilisées par les maîtres musiciens et leur rôle par rapport à la pratique du rituel ainsi que les liaisons entre paroles et musique, entre le répertoire musical et le panthéon des génies. Ce témoignage de cette période cruciale permet, par le biais de la musique, de mettre en perspective une pratique religieuse bien complexe en plein essor à ce jour. / The possession ritual practice in Vietnam has been prohibited during more than forty years (from 1954 to early nineties). The field-works are done during this important period. These studies try to portray an outline of the organisation and development of the rite and its music and musicians, especially the most important master at his time, Pham Van Kiêm. They also try to explore the musical technics used by masters and their role in the ritual practice, the music-language, musical directory-deities pantheon relationships. This crucial account allows to put into a perspective this complex practice, very popular nowadays.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

No Abstract Included / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

In this paper, the triple goddess portrayed in Maresi: The Red Abbey Chronicles (2014) by Maria Turtschaninoff is analyzed. The paper discusses the female replacement of the all-male trinity in Maresi and how it can be linked to thealogical rewritings of the Bible. Using feministic theory, an analysis is made about how the Maiden, Mother and Crone in Maresi follow or divert from the traditional female archetypes. The biblical intertextuality in the novel is discussed by connecting it to each aspect of the triple goddess. The result is that Maresi is a rewritten version of the Bible, using biblical events and characters to criticize the patriarchy. Turtschaninoff’s portrait of the Maiden, Mother and Crone diverts from the typical female archetypes. This diversion results in a more complex depiction of the woman in literature.

[pt] Buscando aproximar os campos de investigação da Teoria da História com a Egiptologia, o presente estudo se propõe a pensar a qualidade que o tempo assumiu na cosmovisão da antiga Kemet. As muitas potências cósmicas que geraram o tempo – dentre elas Shu/Neheh e Tefnut/Djet – segundo os antigos, promoveram a existência da totalidade dos elementos que compunham uma imensa rede de conexão entre o mundo imanente e o mundo transcendente, conferindo ao universo cultural egípcio a peculiar feição de uma sociedade que apesar de desfrutar intensamente a vida terrena, mantinha o olhar constante na eternidade post mortem. Visando lançar novas perspectivas sobre a natureza de como a temporalidade criada pelos antigos foi tecendo o seu mundo de sentido, a tese se debruça sobre a investigação do modo pelo qual a ideia de tempo emerge das mais diversas naturezas de fontes, e de como ela encontra-se diretamente vinculada a uma outra potência – Maat –, força propulsiva que encerrando os atributos de ordem, justiça e retidão, permitia que a existência fluísse com o tempo, ou seja, que a unidade que configurou toda a criação a partir do movimento da gênese fosse mantida, tendo como cenário-espelho o espaço-tempo cósmico egípcio. / [en] This paper proposes a study on the quality that time assumed in the ancient Kemet s cosmovision in order to bring together a study on Historical Theory with Egyptology. The cosmic potencies that generate time – Shu/Neheh and Tefnut/Djet –, according to the ancients, promote the existence of the totality of elements that compose an immense network between the immanent world and the transcendent world. Thus conferring to the Egyptian cultural universe a society s peculiar feature that kept a constant eye on the post mortem eternity, whilst also enjoying terrestrial life. The aim is to present new perspectives on how the temporality created by the ancients allowed for their world to gain meaning. This thesis focuses on a study on how the idea of time emerges from many different sources. As well as how it is interconnected with another power – Maat –, a driving force composed of the attributes of order, justice and integrity that allowed existence and time to remain hand in hand. In other words, the unit that designed all of creation since its genesis was maintained, presenting as mirror-scenario the Egyptian cosmic space-time.

My work on the thealogy of Mary conveys a largely subjective way of thinking, it does not claim to present the view of any group, and it does not profess a theoretical agenda for a cult or a religious movement of Mary. The framework of this work is grounded in symbolic (legends, fairy tales and images), psychological (the structure of the psyche according to Carl Gustav Jung: the Self, the conscious, the unconscious, the Shadow) and imaginative (individual interpretations of narratives and images) spheres that are combined with feminist spirituality theories, religious philosophy and literary analysis. In my thesis, I offer a non-Christian myth of Mary which I form out of the folklore narratives about Mary. In my work, Mary is understood as the female divine archetype on the collective level, and as an expression of the Self on the individual level. Following Jung’s theory, the archetypes are forms and not contents, that is, an archetype can be comparable to an empty shell, which we fill with our own experience or with narratives that are meaningful to us. I take the image of Mary out of the Roman Catholic context and give it a new mythological narrative. This means to me a possibility not only to acquire a non-Christian myth of Mary but also to develop an individual relationship with the divine in its female personification. On the collective level, the thealogy of Mary creates a spiritual and psychological sphere in which the female divine has a possibility to outweigh the one-sidedness of the past few thousand years of the male predominance in the religious philosophy in the West.