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Lean and Green Production Development : Examples of Industrial Practices in China and TurkeySezen, Mesut Bora, Wang, Haiyan January 2011 (has links)
This master thesis project was initiated in connection to the research project “Green Production Systems”, which is being conducted at Mälardalen University with involvement of academics and Swedish automotive and manufacturing industries. This thesis is prepared in guidance of “Development of guidelines for environmental value improvement and cost decrease” work package and the work package associated “Lean and Green Production Systems” master thesis proposal (see Appendix I). The aim of the thesis is to provide the work package with an international aspect under the given master thesis proposal scoping. The main objective of this thesis has been to contribute to a further understanding of how approaches to lean and green can be used to develop competitive production systems. A theoretical frame of reference has been presented in order to provide the research with a theoretical foundation. Further, empirical studies of four companies from China and Turkey have been carried out to investigate how companies perceive and work with their production systems in terms of applications of lean and green approaches. The empirical studies also aimed at identifying good examples of current practices that the companies achieved within the area.
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Exploring the impacts of green implementations in supply chain management in small medium enterprises. : A qualitative multiple case study.Mamic, Andrej, Andersson, Oliver January 2015 (has links)
Exploring the impacts of green implementations in supply chain management in small medium enterprises. Purpose: To explore what impacts green investments have in supply chain management. Research questions 1: What impacts have green implementations had on supplier relationships? Research question 2: What impacts have laws and regulations had on green supply chain management?
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The study of Green Supply Chain Management : A case study of BYD, a Chinese car manufacturerWANG, MEIZI, LUO, XIYU January 2010 (has links)
<p>Traditional manufacturing industries develop the contradiction between human beings and the environment is becoming more and more serious. In order to solve this problem, the establishment of green supply chain management can to be a way, to introduce the idea of sustainable development in practice. The pollution from the car industry is a problem today, so developing green supply chain management is important. The purpose of this thesis is to establish green supply chain management supplier evaluation index system by taking BYD as an example. In this thesis, we study the problem by using primary and secondary data, by combining the reality with the theories. First, we introduce the principle and basic situation of green supply chain management in China now, then we analyze the aspects that green supply chain management should include in BYD. We propose a plan for the improvement of green supply chain management in BYD and construct the GSCM performance index system. Eventually we proformce a plan for the establishment of green supply chain management in BYD.</p>
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The study of Green Supply Chain Management : A case study of BYD, a Chinese car manufacturerWANG, MEIZI, LUO, XIYU January 2010 (has links)
Traditional manufacturing industries develop the contradiction between human beings and the environment is becoming more and more serious. In order to solve this problem, the establishment of green supply chain management can to be a way, to introduce the idea of sustainable development in practice. The pollution from the car industry is a problem today, so developing green supply chain management is important. The purpose of this thesis is to establish green supply chain management supplier evaluation index system by taking BYD as an example. In this thesis, we study the problem by using primary and secondary data, by combining the reality with the theories. First, we introduce the principle and basic situation of green supply chain management in China now, then we analyze the aspects that green supply chain management should include in BYD. We propose a plan for the improvement of green supply chain management in BYD and construct the GSCM performance index system. Eventually we proformce a plan for the establishment of green supply chain management in BYD.
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Environmental KPI's for management and improvements in manufacturing : Increase employee sustainability commitment for Lean and Green production at ABBSyed, Wajahat Ali, Kali, Rahul Raj January 2013 (has links)
Problem Statement: How does ABB Ludvika facilitate sustainable development in technology, green production with green KPI’s? The purpose of the thesis is to develop a general concept of environmental KPIs for management and improvement in manufacturing. Environmental KPIs can be a main driving factor for work improvement and they will be managed for the continuous improvement in company. The concentration is on the shop floor level including production management (on team levels and department levels). The capability of using different (standardized) KPIs for management and control and more flexible/dynamic KPIs on a local level for enhancing improvements on a daily basis should be investigated. This concept will be clarified to be understood by researchers and companies if they want to implement it. The aim of this thesis is to attain sustainability and to suggest possible gaps between the point of view of researchers and practitioners. The other objective is to find out the key factors involved in production processes that have significant effect on sustainable, and hence the environment.
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Maintenance as a contributor in green production systems : Interviews with Volvo, Scania, and DynamateÖnder, Metin January 2014 (has links)
This thesis reviews and analyses the potential impact of maintenance on the fulfilment of Green Production Systems. Overall aim is to highlight how maintenance may contribute to decreasing the environmental impact of production. The thesis is based on the combination of literature studies and set of qualitative interviews conducted in selected companies. Three Swedish manufacturers were interviewed about their way of working, as well as their views on sustainability within operation management including maintenance. The results of the research explains why some organisations fail to recognize maintenance’s role to achieve sustainability, and how maintenance has been characterized in these organisations, namely by: short term pressures, reactive approach, neglecting hidden costs, lack of teamworking between production and maintenance departments, and low focus (hierarchical low status) on maintenance importance, resulting in lack of skilled labor available in organizations. In contrast, practices and strategies to succeed found to be based on the following: long term thinking, structured way of working, a proactive approach to maintenance, aiming to integrate core values into operational work, and establishing an environment which fosters continuous improvement and employee development. Same study identifies areas and "effects of poor maintenance" to be dealt with in the journey toward sustainable production, these are: economic, quality, processes wastes, emissions, resource consumption, safety and work environment related. It is therefore suggested that organizations may choose a proactive approach to maintenance that is best suited to their needs, which allows efficient production and long-term profitability, while considering safety and environmental aspects. Various concepts are available, but the organisation has to optimise on the combination of various practices. Following to the findings, a proposal is made that proactive culture should be integrated into daily work in a practical way such as Safety-Quality-Environment becomes everyone's responsibility. Sustainable perspective and sticking to best course of proactive measures are prioritized against short term pressures. To support this proposal a toolkit is developed that can be used at team/level continuous improvement programs, based on the PDCA model. Finally, the thesis emphasizes what benefits the optimum maintenance can provide on the fulfilment of competitive and resource-efficient production systems.
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Evaluating the Environmental Impact of a Product : Partial Life Cycle Assessment / Utvärdering av en produkts miljöpåverkan : Partiell livscykelanalysEk, Lina, Ström, Sanna January 2020 (has links)
Purpose – The purpose of this research is to investigate how manufacturing organisations can decrease their environmental impact in the supply chain. To meet the purpose, two research questions were formulated: 1. How can a manufacturing organisation reduce its environmental impact caused by transportation? 2. How can a manufacturing organisation reduce its environmental impact caused by production? Method – To provide the opportunity to reach a conclusion and to create a basic understanding of the research area, a literature review was conducted, which formed the basis of the theoretical framework. Through a case study at a manufacturing organisation, interviews and document analyses were used as sources for empirical data. In order to develop solutions and recommendations, collected data and theoretical framework were analysed and discussed. Findings – The research findings indicate that there are several possible measures to implement to reduce an organisation's environmental impact in the supply chain. A decisive factor is creating a holistic and fundamental understanding of sustainability and enabling everyone involved to work according a common view and in the same direction. In addition, a requirement to pursue the same goal is that all stakeholders are involved where a prerequisite is a well-functioning internal communication. Implications – The research did not contribute to any new theories, but through the research analysis, statements and theories from previous research were strengthened. The research suggests actions that can be used for organisations to reduce their environmental impact, but also to increase the understanding of why actions should be implemented. Society has an important responsibility for motivating and provide conditions for manufacturing organisations to reduce their footprint. This research is considered to lead to an improved environment in the form of lower emission levels where both organisations and the entire community take responsibility for the planet. Limitations – The case study is designed as a single-case study which, from a validity perspective, is not considered as advantageous as a multiple case study because the results are difficult to generalize. In order to strengthen the study's reliability, several functional units and / or organisations could have been included in the study.
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EKODESIGN I INDUSTRIN : En lägesanalys av producenters problem, drivkrafter och framtida utmaningar inom ekodesign / ECO DESIGN IN PRODUCT INDUSTRY : An analysis, based on producers problems, driving forces and future challenges in eco designBergsten, Karolina, Langborg, Ida January 2012 (has links)
SammanfattningProdukter produceras idag i stor utsträckning för att tillfredsställa konsumenters behov varpåmiljöbelastningen eskalerar i takt med efterfrågan och produktionen som sker därefter. Lösningenpå problemet kan sammanfattas i ekodesign där miljöoptimering av produktutvecklingen skerutifrån ett helhetsperspektiv; råvaruutvinning, produktion, användning, återvinning, slutligtomhändertagande samt transporter.Teknik-konsultföretaget ÅF uppmärksammade detta problem hos svenska producenter ochstartade 2008 en intern sektion, EcoDesign center, som erbjöd sina kunder ekodesignrelateradetjänster. Utmaningarna och problemen hos kunderna har med tiden förändrats och för att centretska kunna erbjuda sina kunder relevanta tjänster, undersöks i detta arbete svenska producentersrelation till ekodesign idag.Syftet med arbetet har varit att kartlägga producenternas problem och utmaningar inommiljöanpassad produktutveckling och samtidigt utvärdera ÅF EcoDesign centers förutsättningaratt tillgodose sina kunder. Att utifrån denna kunskap komma med förbättringsförslag ochrekommendationer på hur centrets ekodesigntjänster kan optimeras har varit målet med arbetet.Resultatet visar att ekodesignarbetet inte är tillräckligt utbrett vilket främst beror på bristfälligefterfrågan av ekodesignade produkter. Kundefterfrågan är direkt kopplat till ekonomiskaincitament, företag drivs i vinstsyfte och utan en efterfrågan kommer ekodesignarbete inteimplementeras. Producenterna har inte insett eller förstått den ekonomiska potentialen medmiljöeffektiv produktutveckling och tror det är dyrt och tidsödande. En orsak till detta kan varabristen på enkla ekodesignverktyg, då de flesta existerande verktyg kräver experter.Kunskapsbristen är ett faktum, vilket producenterna själva ser som ett av de största hindren förimplementering av ekodesign i produktutvecklingsprocessen.ÅF:s EcoDesign center bör satsa på en inledande ekodesigntjänst som kartlägger vad för typ avekodesigntjänst deras kunder behöver hjälp med. Denna tjänst ska fungera som en inkörsport tillövriga ekodesignområden som EcoDesign center rekommenderas att satsa på i framtiden; PRS(Product Regulatory Support), strategi, eco screening, utbildning, tjänstedesign ochmarknadsföring. / Products are currently produced to satisfy customer needs to a large extent whereupon theenvironmental impact escalates due to the demand and production. A solution to the problemcan be summarized in the term eco design where the environmental optimization of a producthas a holistic perspective, including everything from raw material extraction, production, uses,recycling, disposal and transport.ÅF, a technology consulting firm, drew attention to this problem and started EcoDesign centerin 2008, an in-house section where they offered their customers eco design related services. Thechallenges and problems in their customers needs have changed over time and understandinghow the center should provide their customers with relevant service is investigated in this thesis.The aim of the thesis has been to identify producers’ problems and challenges with greenproduction and at the same time evaluate EcoDesign center's prerequisites to satisfy theircustomers’ needs. Based on this knowledge, the aim has been to come up with suggestions andrecommendations on how the center can optimize their eco design related services.The result shows that the eco design work is not sufficiently widespread, mainly due to a poordemand for eco designed products. Customer demand is directly linked to economic incentives,companies run for profit and without a demand an eco design work will not be implemented.Producers have not realized the economic potential of eco effective products and think it isexpensive and time consuming. One reason can be the lack of simple eco design tools, sinceexisting tools require expertise. The lack of knowledge is a fact, which the producers consider tobe one of the biggest obstacles to implement eco design in the product developing process.EcoDesign center should invest in an initial eco design service that identifies in which types ofeco design areas their customer needs help. This service will act as a gateway to other eco designservices offered at the center. In the future, EcoDesign center is recommended to focus on thefollowing, eco design related work; PRS (Product Regulatory Support), strategy, eco screening,education, service design and marketing.
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A study about purchase intentions for a green durable good / En studie om köpintentionen för en produkt med lång livslängdPersson, Johanna January 2018 (has links)
Background Due to increased environmental issues around the world, people are getting more and more aware of the effects of their consumption and their influence on the environment. Companies have therefore started to provide green products to the market to satisfy customer demand. However, there is a lack of knowledge in the literature when it comes to what customers really value when it comes to green products. Mainly green durable goods, as well as their determinants and what affects their green purchase intentions. Purpose The purpose of the study is therefore, to analyze what green determinants affect purchase intention for floors as an example of a green durable good. A related purpose is to investigate how green production attitude and consumption attitude impact floor purchase intention. The results of the investigation could help the floor manufacturers better understand what is valued by the consumer and thus be able to invest right resources for right action to meet customer needs. Method This study was a survey study using primary quantitative analysis and data collecting. The questionnaires were conducted with 97 participants around Sweden using social media and an online questionnaire. The data were tested through different reliability and validity tests and other kinds of statistical tests to analyze the proposed theoretical research model with help of SPSS and AMOS. Results Environmental production attitude (determinants of green production) significantly affects the purchase intention for durable goods. Environmental consumption attitude could not be tested due to failing in the reliability and validity tests, and therefore no confirmation about the effect of these determinants could be drawn. Conclusion For consumers in general, the perceived greenness of a floor lays in the determinants of the production which this study can prove. Delimitations This study has only focused on the Swedish demand-side when it comes to purchase intention for green durable goods and the effects of this and not the supply-side. Furthermore, the purchase intention is limited to today´s circumstances and the changes over time have not been under consideration. The product choice has been durable goods, with particular attention to floors. / Bakgrund På grund av ökade miljöfrågor runt om i världen blir människor mer och mer medvetna om effekterna av konsumtionen och deras påverkan på miljön. Företagen har därför börjat tillhandahålla miljövänliga produkter på marknaden för att tillgodose kundernas efterfrågan. Det finns dock brist på kunskap i litteraturen när det kommer till vad kunder verkligen värdesätter när det gäller gröna produkter, speciellt produkter med lång livslängd. Liksom deras bestämmande faktorer och vad som verkligen påverkar deras gröna köpintentioner. Syfte Syftet med studien är därför att analysera vilka miljövänliga påverkningsfaktorer som finns för golv, som är ett exempel på en produkt med lång livslängd. Ett relaterat syfte är att undersöka hur den miljövänliga produktionsattityden och konsumtionsattityden påverkar köpintentionen för golv. Resultaten av undersökningen är till för att golvtillverkaren bättre ska förstå vad som värderas utifrån konsumenten och därmed kunna investera rätt resurser på rätt aktivitet för att på så sätt möta konsumenternas behov. Metod Denna studie var en undersökningsstudie som främst nyttjat primär kvantitativ analys och datainsamling. Frågeformulären genomfördes med 97 deltagare runt om i Sverige med hjälp av sociala medier och ett online frågeformulär. Den insamlade datan testades genom olika pålitlighets- och validitetstester samt andra typer av statistiska tester för att analysera den teoretiska forskningmodellen med hjälp av SPSS och AMOS. Resultat Attityd för miljövänlig produktion (bestämmande faktorer för grön produktion) har signifikant effekt på köpintensiteten för produkter med lång livslängd. Attityd för miljövänlig konsumtion kunde inte testas på grund av brist på pålitlighet och validitet och därför kunde ingen slutsats/analys av effekten på dessa faktorer dras. Slutsatser För konsumenter i allmänhet ligger den uppfattade miljövänligheten hos en miljövänlig produkt med lång livslängd i produktionsattributen, vilket denna studie kan bevisa. Avgränsningar Denna studie har endast fokuserat på den svenska efterfrågesidan när det gäller köpintentioner för produkter med lång livslängd och effekterna av detta och inte utbudssidan. Vidare är köpintentionen begränsad till dagens omständigheter och förändringarna över tiden har inte varit föremål för överväganden. Produktvalet har varit varaktiga varor, med särskild hänsyn till golv.
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Carbon Neutrality 2045 : A case study of how producing companies in Sweden can succeed in becoming carbon neutral through public procurement of construction projectsArif, Safin January 2021 (has links)
Today, the construction sector accounts for one-fifth of Sweden's climate impact. The Swedish Parliament has decided that Sweden should have net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2045. This is happening at a time when Sweden is constantly growing. In 2025, we will have 11 million inhabitants. That means hundreds of thousands of new homes, more infrastructure and more public facilities. It is therefore critical that the building and construction sector collectively adjust its approach to climate neutrality. To achieve this vision, it is essential that construction companies drive the work throughout their value chain with a holistic focus across all environmental areas, from design and production to demolition. If Sweden is to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2045, public procurement must take the lead and become fossil-free or climate-neutral within a few years Construction and real estate contracts, together with civil engineering and infrastructure, account for a significant proportion of public purchases in Sweden, and what is built today will affect nature, the environment and people for a long time to come. One way for Sweden to achieve these goals is to set more and higher requirements in public procurement. Public clients have a major influence through the choices they make in their investments and construction contracts to achieve the vision of climate neutrality. When a public works procurement is carried out, the contractor usually has limited possibilities to make decisions that have a significant impact on the CO2e emissions of the project. This means that the contractor is critically dependent on the climate requirements set by the clients in order for the company itself to achieve its climate targets. The overall aim of this study was thus to contribute to a better understanding of how public clients currently reason - and what can be done to bring about a positive shift - in order for public clients to set higher climate requirements in construction contracts and in the production of dwellings. This scientific study is conducted as a qualitative case study at Skanska Sweden, where an abductive research approach has been used for data collection. The study used a quantitative method in the form of a questionnaire survey where 16 municipal housing and real estate companies from the western geography of Sweden participated as respondents in the form of their respective Chief Executive Officer. The results of the study highlighted the opportunities that the Paris Agreement and other climate policy measures have brought to actors in the Swedish building and construction sector. Furthermore, the results show that each actor in the construction sector needs to work strategically to set their own climate targets and implement them throughout their operations, with production methods that enable the use of materials with low or net zero climate impact and increase their reuse in order to succeed in achieving Sweden's goal of achieving climate neutrality by 2045. The municipal housing and property companies that participated as respondents have shown a willingness to act sustainably, this is considered to be very helpful for the development of sustainable public procurement in Sweden, these are also consistent with what previous research has found. There is a need for collaboration between municipal housing and property companies and the construction sector where, by identifying the specific challenges faced by municipalities, it is recommended that they set higher climate and competence requirements in public procurement and allow these to permeate the entire value value chain with systematic monitoring for a successful transition. / Idag står bygg- och anläggningssektorn för en femtedel av Sveriges klimatpåverkan. Riksdagen har beslutat att Sverige ska ha nettonollutsläpp av växthusgaser år 2045. Detta sker samtidigt som Sverige ständigt växer. År 2025 är vi 11 miljoner invånare. Det innebär hundratusentals nya bostäder, mer infrastruktur och fler offentliga lokaler. Det är därför kritiskt att bygg- och anläggningssektorn gemensamt ställer om i arbetet mot klimatneutralitet. För att kunna uppnå denna vision så är det viktigt att byggföretagen driver arbetet genom hela sin värdekedja med ett helhetsfokus inom samtliga miljöområden, från projektering och produktion till rivning. För att Sverige ska klara av att nå nettonollutsläpp av växthusgaser till år 2045 så måste den offentliga upphandlingen stå i täten och bli fossilfri eller klimatneutral redan inom några år Bygg- och fastighetsentreprenader, tillsammans med anläggningsarbeten och infrastruktur, står för en betydande del av offentliga inköp i Sverige och det som byggs idag påverkar natur, miljö och människor för en lång tid framöver. En möjlighet för Sverige att uppnå målen är att ställa fler och högre krav i offentlig upphandling. Offentliga beställare har en stor påverkansfaktor genom valet de gör i sina investeringar och byggupphandlingar för att uppnå visionen om klimatneutralitet. När en offentlig entreprenadupphandling genomförs har entreprenören i regel begränsade möjligheter att fatta beslut som får betydande konsekvenser för projektets CO2e-utsläpp. Det innebär att entreprenören är kritiskt beroende av de klimatkrav som kunderna ställer för att bolaget själva skall kunna nå sina klimatmål. Övergripande syftet med den här studien var således att bidra till en ökad förståelse kring hur offentliga beställare resonerar i dagsläget – och vad som kan göras för att få till en positiv förflyttning – för att offentliga beställare skall ställa högre klimatkrav i entreprenadupphandlingar och vid produktion av bostäder. Denna vetenskapliga studie är genomförd som en kvalitativ fallstudie hos Skanska Sverige, där en abduktiv forskningsansats har använts för datainsamlingen. I undersökningen användes en kvantitativ metod i form av en enkätundersökning där 16 kommunala bostads- och fastighetsbolag från Sveriges västra geografi har deltagit som respondenter i form av respektive Verkställande direktör. Studiens resultat har ådagalagt de möjligheter som Parisavtalet och andra klimatpolitiska åtgärder har gett upphov till aktörer inom den svenska bygg- och anläggningssektorn. Vidare så visar resultatet att respektive aktör inom bygg- och anläggningssektorn behöver arbeta strategiskt med att sätta upp egna klimatmål och implementera dem i hela verksamheten, med produktionsmetoder som möjliggör användning av material med låg eller netto noll klimatpåverkan och öka sin återanvändning för att lyckas med nå Sveriges mål med att uppnå klimatneutralitet till år 2045. De kommunala bostad- och fastighetsbolagen som deltagit som respondenter har visat på en vilja att agera hållbart, detta anses vara till stor hjälp för utvecklingen av hållbar offentlig upphandling i Sverige, dessa överensstämmer också med vad tidigare forskning har funnit. Det behövs en samverkan mellan kommunala bostad- och fastighetsbolagen och byggsektorn där genom att identifiera kommunernas särskilda utmaningar rekommenderas att de ställer högre klimat- och kompetenskrav vid offentliga upphandlingar och låter dessa genomsyra hela värdekedjan med systematisk uppföljning för en framgångsrik omställning till en klimatneutral sektor.
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