This study examined the beliefs, perceptions, actions, and congruency between beliefs and actions of participants completing an anonymous survey regarding if clients should be informed of the AAMFT organization, code of ethics, and grievance procedure. Two hundred thirty-one participants returned the survey, representing AAMFT clinical members, AAMFT state division officers, and the AAMFT national ethics committee board members. The findings include the respondents' beliefs, actions, and congruency between the two for informing clients about the organization, code of ethics, and grievance procedure. Most participants believe clients should be informed and the results indicate that the participants are mainly consistent with their actions, except for grievance procedures. The findings seem to indicate that as the perceived risk for the therapist increases, the amount of information shared decreases. The beliefs and actions regarding the grievance procedure seemed to be the most ambiguous. / Master of Science

Disinformation campaigns are a growing threat towards democracy and a phenomenon that is important to understand in order to guard against. One part of the literature around disinformation campaigns that is as of yet not widely studied is how they can be connected to social movements. Previous research on this connection have shown that disinformation campaigns will tend to support social movements indirectly through the spread of disinformation which both amplifies the claims of the movement and attracts more mobilizers, which can lead to for example lessened trust towards institutions and thus a successful disinformation campaign. This paper analyses the case of the mobilization against the Swedish Social Services in order to see if this connection between the disinformation campaign and the social movement was present in this case as well. The findings made shows that the connection was not that of an indirect connection as have been observed in previous studies but rather one of direct cooperation. Furthermore, this paper also explores what factors allowed for both a disinformation campaign and mobilization against the Swedish Social Services to manifest.

Most research that has examined the variation in homicide levels has examined their correlation with socioeconomic structural variables. In Latin America however, economic and social development has occurred, but high homicide levels remain, suggesting the involvement of other influencing factors. Recent research has established causal relationships between the role of state institutions and the numbers of homicides. I hypothesize that the perception of corruption may contribute in explaining the variation in homicide levels, and in particular in the Latin America region, because of grievance motivated violence. This hypothesis is tested through a quantitative method that includes more specifically linear regression analysis. My results show that there is no clear relationship between the perception of corruption and homicides on the global level. Nevertheless, the results show that the perception of corruption of the military influences homicides which highlights the importance of supporting the military in improving for example their transparency and accountability so that reductions in homicide can be achieved. The results in Latin America show that there is a negative strong relationship, suggesting that the lower the perception of corruption is, the higher the amount of homicides. This could be a result due to a lot of different reasons that get analyzed in this paper. More research, particularly in Latin America, is needed before drawing conclusions.

No / The purpose of this paper is to examine the success (by measuring intention to use and user satisfaction) of the online public grievance redressal system (OPGRS) from the perspective of the citizens of India. The success of this e-government system is examined using an integrated IS success model. The model developed includes the constructs such as system quality, information quality, service quality, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived satisfaction, perceived risk, and behavioral intention. The proposed integrated research model of IS was validated using the response taken from 419 citizens from different cities of India. The empirical outcomes provided the positive significant connections between all 12 hypothesised relationships between eight constructs. The empirical evidence and discussion presented in the study can help the government to improve upon and fully utilise the potential of the OPGRS as a useful tool toward a transparent and corruption free country.

Yes / The purpose of this article is to examine the success of the online public grievance redressal system from the perspective of the citizens of India. The empirical outcomes provided the positive significant connections between all 13 hypothesized relationships among the seven constructs. The empirical evidence and discussion presented in the study can help the Indian government to improve upon and fully utilize the potential of the online public grievance redressal system for transparent and corruption free country.

Depending on the political environment, economic, cultural and social factors, the digital era provides new opportunities and constraints for mobilization of social movements.The current research was focused on exploring how protest leaders and activists used and perceived social media as a tool for communication and organization during the movement “take a step, #RejectSerzh”; a series of peaceful, anti-governmental protests which led to a shift of governmental power in Armenia. Prior work dedicated to unpacking the relationship between social movements and social media have focused on a few empirical cases. Hence, a case study of a yet underexplored social movement can add to this strand of literature. The methodological approach displayed in this study follows a mixed-method model. Interviews with activists of the movement “take a step, #RejectSerzh” and content analysis of official social media accounts of leaders of the movement “take a step, #RejectSerzh” were expected to provide a diverse perspective on social media tactics during the movement. The results implied that social media were perceived as one of the main contributors to the fulfilment of objectives of the movement “take a step, #RejectSerzh” in multiple ways: social media allowed for fast communication, decentralized organization, testimony of the non-violent nature of the movement, as well as validation of the movement through transparency of action (most importantly, in real-time). There was a strong indication that live video broadcasting function on Facebook was generally perceived as a tool with more capacities for contentious politics. Meanwhile, the results suggest that the movement “take a step, #RejectSerzh” could be perceived as a continuity of previous social movements, the negative experience gained from which curbed the overall tactics of the movement, rather than a result of immediate grievances. Nonetheless, the role of human emotions, such as fear, hope and will, was at the centre of interpretations of how the activists experienced the movement.

No description available.

The efforts to create an equal non-discriminatory South African society should also manifest in the workplace and, more specifically, in the academic arena. Academics are regarded as the leaders of society and the shapers of the future of a country. Their conduct should be of the highest ethical and moral standards, and no form of discrimination should be allowed by or against them. In terms of the Employment Equity Act, sexual harassment is a form of unfair discrimination and carries a substantial penalty should an employer be found guilty of vicarious liability. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceived incidence of sexual harassment of academic staff at higher education institutions in South Africa, as well as their awareness of the policies dealing with sexual harassment. The sufficiency of the grievance procedures designed to deal with complaints of sexual harassment was also evaluated. A cross-sectional survey design was used to reach the research objectives. The Sexual Harassment Questionnaire (SHQ) was randomly distributed amongst a sample of 710 academic staff members from 10 higher education institutions in South Africa. A response rate of 22,8 percent (n = 162) was achieved. The statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS 15.0 program (SPSS 2007), a program that is used to conduct statistical analysis regarding reliability and validity of the measuring instruments, descriptive statistics, /-tests, analysis of variance, correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. Article 1 focuses on the perceived incidence of sexual harassment. In this article, five categories of sexual harassment were used as indicators of the incidence thereof, namely verbal, non-verbal, physical, gender and quid pro quo harassment. A statistically significant correlation coefficient with a large effect was found between verbal and non-verbal harassment. A practically significant correlation of a medium effect was also found between physical, verbal, non-verbal and quid pro quo harassment and sexism, as well as between the control item of sexual harassment and physical, verbal, non-verbal and quid pro quo harassment. Analyses of variance were performed on the different demographic groups using various variables and the findings indicate no practically significant effect of gender, age, population group or years of service on sexual harassment. In Article 2, the awareness of sexual harassment policies and procedures were determined. Various aspects of policies were investigated, such as content, development, types and implementation. The results show that despite indications that sexual harassment policies do exist and that they are regarded as effective tools in addressing sexual harassment, the implementation of such policies is not effective. In addition, few academic staff members receive training/guidance on the utilisation of these policies. Significant correlation coefficients were found between the elements of an effective policy and between population groups and some of the elements. Article 3 reports on findings regarding the sufficiency of grievance procedures in dealing with complaints of sexual harassment. The results show a positive correlation between confidence in the grievance procedure, the amount of attention that supervisors pay to grievances, regular feedback to employees regarding the progress of grievances, willingness of supervisors to take decisions, the amount of confidence in supervisors and the effectiveness of the procedure. The reluctance of management to deal with grievances unless they are reported via the grievance procedure was related to the perceived effectiveness of the procedure. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Industrial Sociology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2010.

The efforts to create an equal non-discriminatory South African society should also manifest in the workplace and, more specifically, in the academic arena. Academics are regarded as the leaders of society and the shapers of the future of a country. Their conduct should be of the highest ethical and moral standards, and no form of discrimination should be allowed by or against them. In terms of the Employment Equity Act, sexual harassment is a form of unfair discrimination and carries a substantial penalty should an employer be found guilty of vicarious liability. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceived incidence of sexual harassment of academic staff at higher education institutions in South Africa, as well as their awareness of the policies dealing with sexual harassment. The sufficiency of the grievance procedures designed to deal with complaints of sexual harassment was also evaluated. A cross-sectional survey design was used to reach the research objectives. The Sexual Harassment Questionnaire (SHQ) was randomly distributed amongst a sample of 710 academic staff members from 10 higher education institutions in South Africa. A response rate of 22,8 percent (n = 162) was achieved. The statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS 15.0 program (SPSS 2007), a program that is used to conduct statistical analysis regarding reliability and validity of the measuring instruments, descriptive statistics, /-tests, analysis of variance, correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. Article 1 focuses on the perceived incidence of sexual harassment. In this article, five categories of sexual harassment were used as indicators of the incidence thereof, namely verbal, non-verbal, physical, gender and quid pro quo harassment. A statistically significant correlation coefficient with a large effect was found between verbal and non-verbal harassment. A practically significant correlation of a medium effect was also found between physical, verbal, non-verbal and quid pro quo harassment and sexism, as well as between the control item of sexual harassment and physical, verbal, non-verbal and quid pro quo harassment. Analyses of variance were performed on the different demographic groups using various variables and the findings indicate no practically significant effect of gender, age, population group or years of service on sexual harassment. In Article 2, the awareness of sexual harassment policies and procedures were determined. Various aspects of policies were investigated, such as content, development, types and implementation. The results show that despite indications that sexual harassment policies do exist and that they are regarded as effective tools in addressing sexual harassment, the implementation of such policies is not effective. In addition, few academic staff members receive training/guidance on the utilisation of these policies. Significant correlation coefficients were found between the elements of an effective policy and between population groups and some of the elements. Article 3 reports on findings regarding the sufficiency of grievance procedures in dealing with complaints of sexual harassment. The results show a positive correlation between confidence in the grievance procedure, the amount of attention that supervisors pay to grievances, regular feedback to employees regarding the progress of grievances, willingness of supervisors to take decisions, the amount of confidence in supervisors and the effectiveness of the procedure. The reluctance of management to deal with grievances unless they are reported via the grievance procedure was related to the perceived effectiveness of the procedure. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Industrial Sociology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2010.

O presente trabalho tem como objeto a análise dos poderes decisórios do relator nos recursos cíveis, à luz do art. 557 do CPC. Para atenuar a carga de trabalho dos tribunais, da qual resultaria, pelo menos a priori, agilização no trâmite dos recursos em geral e, de conseqüência, combate à morosidade da justiça, atribuiuse ao relator poderes para apreciar os recursos no âmbito dos tribunais, isto sem necessidade de submissão do feito ao órgão colegiado. De acordo com o ordenamento jurídico atualmente em vigor, o relator está autorizado a, unipessoalmente, decidir a admissibilidade e até mesmo sobre o mérito do recurso. Essa é a dicção do art. 557 do CPC, com a redação que lhe imprimiu a Lei n 9.756/98. A decisão proferida solitariamente pelo relator, nos casos previstos no art. 557 do CPC, sempre causou muita perplexidade na comunidade jurídica, sobretudo porque rompe com a consagrada tradição de julgamentos colegiados no âmbito dos tribunais. Entretanto, sempre pôde ela ser submetida à apreciação do colegiado através da interposição do recurso de agravo interno. O legislador ordinário, no entanto, caminha decididamente para a monocraticidade das decisões no âmbito dos tribunais. A Lei n 11.187/05 é manifestação clara dessa tendência, porquanto suprimiu o cabimento do agravo interno contra as decisões interlocutórias proferidas nos casos enumerados no parágrafo único do Art. 527 do CPC, consistentes nas hipóteses em que o relator converte o agravo de instrumento em retido, quando atribui efeito suspensivo ou defere, em antecipação de tutela, total ou parcialmente, a pretensão recursal. O estudo do Art. 557 do CPC aliado ao espírito das modificações implementadas pela Lei n 11.187/05 encarna a tendência de que o relator exerce os poderes que lhe foram concedidos pela lei e não que os exerce ad referendum do órgão colegiado que integra / This work aims to analyze the decision-making powers of the rapporteur in civil appeals in the light of art. 557 of the CPC. To alleviate the workload of the courts, which would result, at least in principle, speeding in the processing of resources in general and, in consequence, the slowness of justice fight, attributed to the rapporteur empowered to hear appeals in the courts, that without submission made to the national collegiate. In accordance with the laws currently in force, the Rapporteur is authorized, sole proprietorship, to decide the admissibility and even on the merits. This is the utterance of the art. 557 of the CPC, with wording that gave it to Law No. 9.756/98. The decision alone, by the rapporteur, as provided in Art. 557 of the CPC, always caused much perplexity in the legal community, especially because it breaks with the hallowed tradition of collegiate judgments in courts. However, it could always be submitted to the collegiate action was brought by the grievance procedure. The ordinary legislator, however, moves decisively to monocratic decisions in courts. Law No. 11.187/05 is clear manifestation of this trend, since deleted the relevancy of internal grievance against interlocutory decisions rendered in the cases listed in the paragraph of Article 527 of the CPC, consistent in situations where the rapporteur converts the wrong instrument in withheld, when you assign a suspensive effect or defers, in anticipation of trust, in whole or in part, the appellate claim. The study of Article 557 of the CPC coupled with the spirit of the changes implemented by Law No. 11.187/05 embodies the trend that the rapporteur shall exercise the powers granted to it by law and that has not ad referendum of the collegial body part