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Geometric Integrators for Schrödinger EquationsBader, Philipp Karl-Heinz 11 July 2014 (has links)
The celebrated Schrödinger equation is the key to understanding the dynamics of
quantum mechanical particles and comes in a variety of forms. Its numerical solution
poses numerous challenges, some of which are addressed in this work.
Arguably the most important problem in quantum mechanics is the so-called harmonic
oscillator due to its good approximation properties for trapping potentials. In
Chapter 2, an algebraic correspondence-technique is introduced and applied to construct
efficient splitting algorithms, based solely on fast Fourier transforms, which
solve quadratic potentials in any number of dimensions exactly - including the important
case of rotating particles and non-autonomous trappings after averaging by Magnus
expansions. The results are shown to transfer smoothly to the Gross-Pitaevskii
equation in Chapter 3. Additionally, the notion of modified nonlinear potentials is
introduced and it is shown how to efficiently compute them using Fourier transforms.
It is shown how to apply complex coefficient splittings to this nonlinear equation and
numerical results corroborate the findings.
In the semiclassical limit, the evolution operator becomes highly oscillatory and standard
splitting methods suffer from exponentially increasing complexity when raising
the order of the method. Algorithms with only quadratic order-dependence of the
computational cost are found using the Zassenhaus algorithm. In contrast to classical
splittings, special commutators are allowed to appear in the exponents. By construction,
they are rapidly decreasing in size with the semiclassical parameter and can be
exponentiated using only a few Lanczos iterations. For completeness, an alternative
technique based on Hagedorn wavepackets is revisited and interpreted in the light of
Magnus expansions and minor improvements are suggested. In the presence of explicit
time-dependencies in the semiclassical Hamiltonian, the Zassenhaus algorithm
requires a special initiation step. Distinguishing the case of smooth and fast frequencies,
it is shown how to adapt the mechanism to obtain an efficiently computable
decomposition of an effective Hamiltonian that has been obtained after Magnus expansion,
without having to resolve the oscillations by taking a prohibitively small
time-step.
Chapter 5 considers the Schrödinger eigenvalue problem which can be formulated as
an initial value problem after a Wick-rotating the Schrödinger equation to imaginary
time. The elliptic nature of the evolution operator restricts standard splittings to
low order, ¿ < 3, because of the unavoidable appearance of negative fractional timesteps
that correspond to the ill-posed integration backwards in time. The inclusion
of modified potentials lifts the order barrier up to ¿ < 5. Both restrictions can be
circumvented using complex fractional time-steps with positive real part and sixthorder
methods optimized for near-integrable Hamiltonians are presented.
Conclusions and pointers to further research are detailed in Chapter 6, with a special
focus on optimal quantum control. / Bader, PK. (2014). Geometric Integrators for Schrödinger Equations [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/38716 / TESIS / Premios Extraordinarios de tesis doctorales
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Hudební činnost při rozvoji grafomotoriky v průběhu lateralizace předškolních dětí / Musical activities in the development of graphomotor skills during the lateralization of preschool childrenMatulová, Veronika January 2022 (has links)
The subject of the thesis is the use of musical activities in the development of graphomotor skills of preschool children. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to the problem of harmonization of music and movement at the level of gross and fine motor skills. It also deals with the issue of laterality and its distinctness. The practical part contains a detailed case study of a boy with a disadvantageous type of laterality and follows the development of his graphomotor skills during 15 lessons, the core of which are musical activities for the development of graphomotor skills of preschool children. I used multiple complementary research methods in the in-depth case study, which were participant observation, mother interview, open-ended questionnaire, family and personal history, and PPP report. The action research was conducted over a ten-month period, with the boys being 4 years and 3 months old at the start of the research. The practical part of the thesis analyses the action research data and evaluates the overall impact of specific musical activities in the development of preschool children's graphomotor skills.
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Hodnocení motorických dovedností u dětí s poruchou autistického spektra mladšího školního věku praktikující aplikovanou behaviorální analýzu testovou baterií MABC-2 / Assessment of motor skills in children of younger school age with autism spectrum disorder practising applied behavior analysis with the MABC-2 test batteryAdamcová, Tereza January 2021 (has links)
Title: Assessment of motor skills in children of younger school age with autism spectrum disorder practising applied behavior analysis with the MABC-2 test battery Objectives: The aim of the work is to assess the motor skills of children of younger school age with autism spectrum disorder using the test battery MABC-2 (Movement Assessment Battery for Children - Second Edition). The obtained results will be compared with the standards for Czech children and children with autism spectrum disorder who do not practice Applied Behavior Analysis. Methods: The motor skills of children with autism spectrum disorder were assessed using the MABC-2 test battery (Henderson et al., 2007) - Movement Assessment Battery for Children - Second Edition. The method of comparison was used in the work, namely the results of children with autism spectrum disorder with standards for Czech children and both groups of tested children - one group practicing applied behavior analysis with another group of children without intervention. Results: We found that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in our sample showed a significantly higher incidence of motor problems. All involved children with ASD (n = 10) in the research fall into the 3rd zone (score below the 5th percentile), where there are significant motor...
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Stavebně technologický projekt Sportovního centra v Brně / Construction technology project of the Sports Center in BrnoKuchta, Peter Unknown Date (has links)
This diploma thesis concerns construction technology preparation of a sport centre in Brno, Řečkovice. The objective of the thesis is to design economically appropriate course of construction works, in accordance with technological requirements and principles of health and occupational safety during the realization of particular structures and parts of the construction. The thesis contains basic information about the construction, the developer, the author of the project documentation and about conducted surveys. Further it includes the construction technology project, its financial and time effort, traffic relations of the construction site, the situation of the construction site, proposal of the machinery equipment, economical of the principal construction machinery and technological standard. This thesis is focused on lower gross fabric with special foundation on pylons.
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Does nutrient availability mediate the temperature dependence of gross primary production?: An evaluation using side-stream experimental channels.Collis, Lyndsie Michele January 2018 (has links)
No description available.
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An analysis of economic complexity and selected macroeconomic indicators in selected SSA and BRICS countries : panel data analysisMolele, Sehludi Brian January 2022 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D. (Economics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / This study investigated the relationship between economic complexity and the three mac-roeconomic variables in a comparative setting between selected Sub-Saharan African (SSA) and BRICS countries. Economic complexity as a development index reveals how sophisticated a country is as shown by its exports structure through the Product Com-plexity Index (PCI) and Economic Complexity Index (ECI). The three macroeconomic var-iables are gross domestic product per capita (GDP per capita), current account and fixed investment (gross fixed capita formation) for the period 1994 to 2018.The first three set study objectives were investigated on whether there exists a short and long-run relation-ship through a Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PARDL). The the fourth objective was to test for causality through a standard Granger causality, and fifth, to forecast the macroeconomic variables for the foreseeable future utilising the Impulse Response Func-tion (IRF) and the variance decomposition techniques, these are complementary tech-niques. The last two objectives were to draw a comparative analysis upon the findings, and to relate on the product complexities and economic landscape in the selected SSA and BRICS. Reporting on the ECI-GDP per capita nexus, the PARDL estimates revealed a positive and significant association between ECI and GDP per capita in both the se-lected SSA and BRICS in the long-run. There was no Granger causal effect between ECI and GDP per capita for both set of countries. The concern was in relation to forecasting GDP per capita due to a shock in ECI. The selected SSA GDP per capita response to a shock in ECI was neutral when adopting the IRF technique, and the variance decompo-sition also revealed small estimates in both the short and long-run, below 1%. In the BRICS economies, there was a meaningful positive reaction from a shock in ECI when deploying the IRF technique, while the variance decomposition had a 3% response in the long run when seen through the variance decomposition.
On the current account-ECI relationship, the PARDL estimates exposed that there was a positive and significant impact from ECI on the current account in both the groups in the long-run significant while short-run results were insignificant. Granger causality could not detect any causal effect between ECI and current account in the selected SSA, while in the BRICS countries there was a unidirectional causal effect from ECI to current account. When forecasting the current account, the selected SSA reacted negatively to a shock in
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ECI seen through the IRF, and the variance decomposition also revealed a small reaction in any period. In the BRICS case, current account’s response was a positive and explo-sive reaction from a shock in ECI when applying the IRF technique. The VD revealed a higher change in current account was explained by a shock in ECI. On the ECI-Fixed Investment, the PARDL estimates showed that there was a long-run positive and signifi-cant effect between ECI and fixed investment in bothgroups. However, the Granger causal results revealed no presence of causality in the selected SSA, while there was causal unidirectional effect from ECI to fixed investment. The IRF technique revealed a negative fixed investment reaction from a shock in ECI, and the variance decomposition results revealed a small reaction in fixed investment in the selected SSA. In the BRICS case, there was a positive and explosive fixed investment emanating from a shock in ECI. Utilising the variance decomposition fixed investment in BRICS was explained by inno-vative shocks in ECI in the long run.
On the last two objectives, comparatively the selected SSA countries are disadvantaged as they are concentrated in negative ECI as seen in the descriptive statistics, reflecting that they are still much less developed. This tells us that they are less industrialised as compared to the BRICS nations who are better off. These selected SSA economies are not developed enough as compared to the BRICS nations. The SSA region needs to learn from the leading BRICS countries by creating a conducive environment for a better de-velopment of innovation that improves the domestic value chain that produces knowledge-based products for the export market. The rest of the selected SSA region should form part of economic integrations with the more developed countries that offer mutual beneficiation like South Africa to fast track the developmental of their states. There is a need to modernise the agricultural and agro-industries. The region should harness the full potential of its agricultural sector. This will create a large global market share and perhaps increase the current account outlook through trade with more efficient agro-pro-cessed products. Africa needs to scale up investment in many fronts from government to private investment to improve infrastructure, more so that the scale of needs is so much in the continent.
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Economic assessment of indigenous leafy vegetables (ILVs) production for income generation and food income generation and food security in the Eastern Cape Province, South AfricaMayekiso, Anele January 2021 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D. (Agricultural Economics )) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / Regardless of the strategies adopted globally and nationwide to fight food insecurity
within communities, particularly in the rural context, poverty becomes a major
constituent which translates to most rural households experiencing food insecurity
shocks. Given the high unemployment rate in South Africa which triggers several
household’s vulnerability to food insecurity, the country has diverse natural resources
which include indigenous plants such as Indigenous Leafy Vegetables (ILVs), which
can be used as food and for business purposes by its residents. Irrespective of the
diversity of ILVs in South Africa, there is a significant decline in the production and
consumption of ILVs particularly in rural areas where these vegetables are mostly
available. In addition, production and consumption of ILVs may not only address food
insecurity but these vegetables may benefit households through the income obtained
from their sales. The income generated from sales of ILVs may therefore assist
towards improving and sustaining rural livelihood needs.
Given this background information, the study aimed at assessing ILV production for
income generation and food security among rural households in the Eastern Cape
Province (ECP) of South Africa. The study was conducted within the three district
municipalities of the ECP which were selected because statistics report these districts
to be the most affected areas by poverty within the province. These districts are OR
Tambo District Municipality (ORTDM), Alfred Nzo District Municipality (ANDM) and
Joe Gqabi District Municipality (JGDM). Multistage and proportional random sampling
procedures were employed to select households which could participate in the study.
Thus, 407 households within these three (3) districts municipalities were used for the
purposes of the study. The study also included interviewing role players within the ILV
production value chain, thus a snowball sampling procedure was used to select role
players. Sixteen hawkers and three input suppliers were interviewed from the three
district municipalities. In addition, from the 407 households that were interviewed, 260
households from the three district municipalities reported to be producers of ILVs. A
structured questionnaire was therefore used to collect pertaining data allied in
achieving the aim of the study. The collected data was captured using Excel 2016, after data cleaning, it was then exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 for analysis. Numerous analytical models were used from SPSS 25. For instance, to identify and
describe socio-economic characteristics of households, to assess the most produced
ILVs from the study areas and to identify role players within the ILV production value
chain, descriptive statistics in a form of means, percentages, frequencies, and
standard deviation was used. To determine factors which influence production of ILVs,
a Binary Logistic Regression Model was used. A Multinomial Logistic Regression
model was used to determine factors which influence different uses of ILVs by
households and to determine factors influencing food security status among
households. A gross margin analysis was used to estimate viability from each ILV
produced, harvested and sold, while Household Food Insecurity Access Scale
(HFIAS) was used to measure food security status among households. Lastly, a
correlation matrix was also used to determine the relationship between the role players
and their functions among the ILV production value chain.
Based on the results, the study therefore concluded that, from the three district
municipalities used in the study, there are various ILVs growing naturally and
produced. The production of ILVs from these municipalities is habituated by socio economic characteristics of households, wherein households use ILVs for various
purposes which include these vegetables as source of food, medicine and livestock
feed. The use of ILVs among households is influenced by socio-economic
characteristics and seasonal availability of ILVs in ORTDM, while in ANDM and JGDM,
the use of ILVs by households is conditioned by socio-economic characteristics of
households, knowledge/ awareness related to nutrition and health benefits of ILVs and
seasonal production of ILVs. Furthermore, this research concludes that, ILVs have a
potential of diversifying diets and addressing food insecurity problems within rural
parts of the three districts. Given the positive gross margins from the three districts,
production and selling of ILVs has a potential to contribute to rural household income.
Lastly, the study concludes that, the ILV production value chain system lacks
governmental support in the form of institutional engagement since there is no
evidence of extension officer support from these three district municipalities
concerning ILVs production. To this end, the study recommends that, policy makers should further establish inclusion of ILVs in both farming and food systems. Also, government and related institutions which focus on sustainable rural development must intervene in promoting production of ILVs particularly within rural contexts since production of these
vegetables may alleviate poverty through job creation, addressing food insecurity and
income generation. Thus, a successful intervention of government and policy makers
in ILV production would have a potential of translating to sustainable rural livelihoods / National Research Foundation (NRF)
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Ekonomisk tillväxt, Miljöförstöring och Miljöskatt : En undersökning utifrån teorin om miljö Kuznets kurva (EKC)Shahsavari, Ava January 2023 (has links)
Pollution is one of humanity's most pressing problems. Although there are many types of pollution, air pollution is one of the main causes of global warming. Therefore, simultaneously improving environmental quality and economic growth, and studying the variables that affect this relationship, has been one of the key issues for researchers and policymakers in recent years, especially in the wake of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.This paper aims to estimate the relationship between carbon emissions, GDP per capita, renewable energy and non-renewable energy sources as well environmental taxes in G10 industrialized countries over the period 1972-2020. Regression analysis and panel data were used to answer the questions. Previous studies of the Ecological Kuznets Curve (EKC) for CO2 emissions, with most samples based on G10 member countries, have had mixed results. The environmental Kuznets curve shows that economic development initially leads to environmental degradation, but once economic growth reaches a certain level, the relationship between society and the environment begins to improve and the degree of environmental degradation decreases. From a very simple perspective, this might suggest that economic growth is good for the environment. Critics, however, argue that economic growth is not guaranteed to lead to environmental improvements, which can often backfire. At the very least, it requires very targeted policies and attitudes to ensure that economic growth goes hand in hand with environmental improvement. / <p> Tre helt olika miljö-/BNP-kurvor</p><p>Studien undersöker etablerade teorier för att beskriva sambandet mellan miljöskador och ekonomisk aktivitet, inklusive Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), Brundtland Curve Hypothesis (BCH) och Environmental Daly Curve (EDC).</p>
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The effects of budget deficit on fixed investment in selected African CountriesSeshoka, Pretty January 2022 (has links)
Thesis (M.Com. (Economics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / The primary goal of this study was to investigate the effects of budget deficit on fixed
investment using annual data for the period 1990-2017 in selected African countries
namely, Cameroon, Namibia, Ghana, Egypt, Seychelles, Mauritius, Botswana, Lesotho
and South Africa. The study employed panel unit root tests including the Augmented
Dickey-Fuller test, Philips Perron test and Levin Lin and chu test. The tests revealed that
all the variables are integrated at 1st difference. The study further employed the Panel
ARDL bounds test to examine the relationship between budget deficit, fixed investment,
money supply and inflation. The empirical findings indicated that a long run relationship
exists between the variables of interest. Furthermore, the results revealed that the budget
deficit has a negative and statistically significant effect on fixed investment. A one percent
increase in the budget deficit, ceteris paribus, leads to a reduction in fixed investment by
44 percent in the long run. The findings further postulated a bidirectional causal
relationship between budget deficit and fixed investment, between money supply and
fixed investment and between fixed investment and inflation. It was evident in the
research that indeed the budget deficit is a problematic macroeconomic policy in African
countries. Policy makers should limit high government expenditures as they contribute to
increased and persistent budget deficits which crowd out private investment.
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[pt] A GRAVE E GENERALIZADA VIOLAÇÃO DE DIREITOS HUMANOS: A PROTEÇÃO (INTER)NACIONAL DA PESSOA HUMANA E A CONSTRUÇÃO DA DEFINIÇÃO AMPLIADA DE REFUGIADA(O) NO BRASIL / [en] THE GROSS AND GENERALIZED VIOLATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS: THE (IN-TER)NATIONAL PROTECTION OF THE HUMAN PERSON AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE EXTENDED REFUGEE DEFINITION IN BRAZILADRIANA FERNANDES BASILIO 18 June 2021 (has links)
[pt] O presente trabalho realizou análise acerca do conceito de Grave e Genera-lizada Violação de Direitos Humanos (GGVDH), a fim de investigar quais são as fundações da definição ampliada de refugiado e como se deu a sua construção no Brasil. Através de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, os dados usados nesta Dissertação de Mestrado foram coletados das seguintes fontes: teses, dissertações, livros e artigos; relatórios do governo, de organizações internacionais e não go-vernamentais; tratados, declarações e legislações. Esta dissertação buscou apre-sentar a arquitetura protetiva internacional da pessoa humana, investigando as conexões com os diversos mecanismos do Direito Internacional dos Direitos Hu-manos, suas complementaridades, seus regimes e aplicações regionais e nacionais para, então, explorar a trajetória do refúgio no Brasil não somente até a construção do conceito de GGVDH pelo governo, mas também no seu reconhecimento. Em um primeiro momento, deu-se a apresentação do arcabouço jurídico internacional, sua interdependência e relevância para a proteção humana, culminando na Decla-ração de Cartagena (1984) e seus processos revisionais. Posteriormente, desen-volveu-se o histórico brasileiro em matéria de refúgio, chegando ao período de redemocratização e incorporação do conceito de GGVDH pela Lei n° 9.474/1997. Por fim, passou-se à breve análise do reconhecimento de refúgio no Brasil por GGVDH, no intento de mapear o posicionamento do governo frente a essa defini-ção, sua aplicação e limitações, apontando algumas nuances e conclusões. / [en] The present study undertook an analysis about the concept of Gross and Generalized Violation of Human Rights (GGVDH), in an attempt to understand what the foundations of the extended definition of refugee are and how it has been constructed in Brazil. Through a bibliographic and documental research, the data used in this Master s Thesis was collected from the following sources: theses, dissertations, books and articles; reports from government, international and non-governmental organizations; treaties, declarations and legislation. This thesis sought to present the international protective architecture of the human person, investigating its connections with the various mechanisms of International Human Rights Law, their complementariness, regimes, regional and national applications to then, explore the refuge trajectory in Brazil, not only until the construction of the GGVDH concept by the government, but also its recognition. Initially, the international legal framework was presented, their interdependence and relevance to the human protection, culminating in the Cartagena Declaration (1984) and its revision processes. Subsequently, it demonstrated the Brazilian history in terms of refuge, up until the period of re-democratization and incorporation of the GGVDH concept by the Law n 9.474/1997. Finally, it presented a brief analysis of the refugee status recognition under GGVDH in Brazil, in an attempt to map the gov-ernment’s position in relation to this definition, its application and limitations, pointing out some nuances and conclusions.
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