Cisplatin (CDDP; cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) resistance presents a major impediment in the treatment of several gynecologic solid tumors, including ovarian and cervical tumors. p53, a critical regulator of cellular apoptosis, is a determinant of CDDP sensitivity. In our study, we have observed that the dysregulation of p53 regulators, checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) and protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1 (PPM1D), significantly reduced CDDP responsiveness in human cancer cells. Isogenic wt-p53 CDDP-sensitive (OV2008) and -resistant (C13*) cervical cancer cells, and isogenic wt-p53 CDDP-sensitive (A2780s) and p53 mutant resistant (A2780cp) ovarian cancer cells, along with CDDP-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines (OCC-1 and OVCAR-3, mutant p53; SKOV-3, p53 null) were used to elucidate the mechanisms of p53 regulation in human gynecologic cancer cells. We have complemented our study with a xenograft model (A2780s) and a tissue microarray of human ovarian tumors to validate our in vitro observations. We have demonstrated that CDDP differentially regulated the p53 activator Chk1 in sensitive and resistant cancer cells; it enhances Chk1 activation in sensitive but not resistant cells. This differential regulation also extended to PPM1D, whereby CDDP enhanced PPM1D content in resistant but not sensitive cells. PPM1D knockdown sensitized resistant cells to CDDP, which was associated with up-regulation of Chk1 and p53 activations, while PPM1D over-expression had the opposite effect. We have also shown that CDDP sensitivity in response to PPM1D down-regulation was p53-dependent. Moreover, CDDP promotes PPM1D nuclear localization in resistant cells and nuclear exclusion in sensitive cells and xenograft tumors. Enhanced PPM1D expression in human ovarian tumors is significantly associated with tumor aggression. Dysregulation of the oncogene Akt has been implicated in a variety of human malignancies, including ovarian cancer. We have demonstrated that Akt regulates PPM1D stability, since activated Akt over-expression in sensitive cells rescued PPM1D from CDDP-induced proteasomal degradation and Akt down-regulation in resistant cells lead to PPM1D de-stabilization and down-regulation. We have shown for the first time that PPM1D is downstream of Akt through which it can modulate CDDP sensitivity in human cancer cells. These findings extend the current knowledge on the molecular basis of CDDP resistance in gynecological cancers and may help in developing effective therapeutic strategies.

Cisplatin (CDDP; cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) resistance presents a major impediment in the treatment of several gynecologic solid tumors, including ovarian and cervical tumors. p53, a critical regulator of cellular apoptosis, is a determinant of CDDP sensitivity. In our study, we have observed that the dysregulation of p53 regulators, checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) and protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1 (PPM1D), significantly reduced CDDP responsiveness in human cancer cells. Isogenic wt-p53 CDDP-sensitive (OV2008) and -resistant (C13*) cervical cancer cells, and isogenic wt-p53 CDDP-sensitive (A2780s) and p53 mutant resistant (A2780cp) ovarian cancer cells, along with CDDP-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines (OCC-1 and OVCAR-3, mutant p53; SKOV-3, p53 null) were used to elucidate the mechanisms of p53 regulation in human gynecologic cancer cells. We have complemented our study with a xenograft model (A2780s) and a tissue microarray of human ovarian tumors to validate our in vitro observations. We have demonstrated that CDDP differentially regulated the p53 activator Chk1 in sensitive and resistant cancer cells; it enhances Chk1 activation in sensitive but not resistant cells. This differential regulation also extended to PPM1D, whereby CDDP enhanced PPM1D content in resistant but not sensitive cells. PPM1D knockdown sensitized resistant cells to CDDP, which was associated with up-regulation of Chk1 and p53 activations, while PPM1D over-expression had the opposite effect. We have also shown that CDDP sensitivity in response to PPM1D down-regulation was p53-dependent. Moreover, CDDP promotes PPM1D nuclear localization in resistant cells and nuclear exclusion in sensitive cells and xenograft tumors. Enhanced PPM1D expression in human ovarian tumors is significantly associated with tumor aggression. Dysregulation of the oncogene Akt has been implicated in a variety of human malignancies, including ovarian cancer. We have demonstrated that Akt regulates PPM1D stability, since activated Akt over-expression in sensitive cells rescued PPM1D from CDDP-induced proteasomal degradation and Akt down-regulation in resistant cells lead to PPM1D de-stabilization and down-regulation. We have shown for the first time that PPM1D is downstream of Akt through which it can modulate CDDP sensitivity in human cancer cells. These findings extend the current knowledge on the molecular basis of CDDP resistance in gynecological cancers and may help in developing effective therapeutic strategies.

Bakgrund: I Sverige blir ca 2800 kvinnor diagnostiserade med gynekologisk cancer varje år. Flera kvinnor med gynekologisk cancer får psykiska problem i samband med diagnos och behandling, och den sexuella hälsan påverkas. Efter behandling uppstår ofta fysiska förändringar på kropp och underliv, och för nästan alla kvinnor påverkar det den sexuella hälsan negativt. Information om den sexuella hälsan i samband kan hjälpa kvinnor hantera förändringarna och minska påverkan på den sexuella hälsan. Syfte: Att undersöka hur kvinnor upplever den information de får innan, under eller efter behandlingen av gynekologisk cancer angående den sexuella hälsan samt när de önskar få informationen, hur de önskar få informationen samt vilken information de önskar. Metod: Arbetet är designat som en litteraturstudie och inkluderar 13 artiklar med både kvantitativ och kvalitativ ansats. Resultat: Resultatet visar att kvinnor upplever informationen i samband med behandling för gynekologisk cancer som opersonlig, för medicinsk och ofullständig. Kvinnorna får även för lite information om de fysiska förändringar som kommer efter operationen och inget stöd för att kunna hantera dessa förändringar.  Kvinnorna känner sig sällan bekväma med att själva ta upp ämnet med personal och önskar att personalen talar med dem om sexuell hälsa. Information om följder av behandlingen önskas både fås som skriftligt och muntligt. Slutsats: Resultatet pekar på att kvinnor önskar mer information om hur behandlingen av gynekologisk cancer påverkar den sexuella hälsan. Kvinnorna vill ha information som är anpassad efter hennes behov samt att personalen behöver mer utbildning i ämnet. / Background:  In Sweden, approximately 2800 women are diagnosed with gynecological cancer each year. Several women with gynecological cancer get psychological problems in connection to diagnosis and treatment, and sexual health often affected. Surgical or conservative treatment often result in physical changes in the body and genitals, which affect the sexual health negatively. Information about sexual health before, during and after treatment can help women manage these changes and reduce the impact on the sexual health. Aim: To examine how women experience the information they receive before, during and after treatment of gynecological cancer regarding the sexual health, when they wish to receive information, how they wish to receive the information and which information they would like to receive. Method: The work is designed as a literature review and includes 13 articles with both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Results: The results show that women experience information in connection with the treatment of gynecological cancer as impersonal, too medical and incomplete. Women are given deficient information about the physical changes that come after the operation and no support to manage these changes. Women themselves rarely feels comfortable with bringing up the topic with the staff and wishes that health care-personnel would speak with them about their sexual health. Women want the information both in writing and oral. Conclusion: The results point towards that women would like more information about how the treatment of gynecological cancer affects sexual health. The women want the information to be tailored to her personal needs and that the staff needs more training on the subject.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) affects at least half of all sexually active people, especially those aged 20-24 years. Gynecological exams are instrumental in cervical cancer prevention due to the early detection of abnormal cervical cells often caused by HPV. Despite the many benefits of gynecological exams, they continue to be underused. Women are often unaware of exam guidelines, procedures, and costs. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was used to predict and explain exam behaviors. A woman’s decision to seek gynecological care may be influenced by numerous factors, including: genital self-image, body image and sexual behaviors. The purpose of this study was to: 1) determine if the TPB explains and predicts exam behaviors, 2) assess if genital self-image, body image and sexual behaviors predict exam behaviors, and 3) evaluate the reliability and validity of data collected on the Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSIS) among a sample of female college students. The study included a convenience sample of 450 women enrolled in health-related courses at a large Southern university in the US. SEM analyses revealed gynecological exam intention was a successful predictor of exam behaviors: Χ2 (81, N = 450) = 258.49, p <> <> <> .001, RMSEA = 0.07, CFI = 0.96 and NFI = 0.95. The addition of genital self-image to the TPB model yielded similar fit indices; however, the TPB alone appears to be more predictive of exam behaviors. Predictive discriminant analysis (PDA) was used to indicate the predictor, or group of predictors, best suited to predict gynecological exam behavior. PDA results indicate the number of vaginal intercourse partners during the past 3-months was most predictive (hit rate = 68.2%). A CFA yielded a two-factor FGSIS model: Χ2 (12, N = 450) = 49.77, p <> .001, RMSEA = 0.08, CFI = 0.98 and NFI = 0.97. Reliability assessments indicated very good internal consistency for the entire scale (α = 0.89), for factor one (α = 0.86) and factor two (α = 0.82). Results have implications for the development of sexual health and women’s health programs targeting factors influencing gynecological exam behaviors. Specifically, scores on the FGSIS can establish relationships between genital self-image and exam behaviors of college women.

This descriptive, comparative, correlational study explored the relationships among demographic characteristics, health histories, disease characteristics, body image, anxiety and depression, sexual relationship power, female sexual function, and sexual satisfaction; examined sexual self-schema as a moderator or mediator on female sexual function and sexual satisfaction; and compared the differences in female sexual function and sexual satisfaction between women with gynecological or rectal cancer and women without any cancer. Fifty-five females with gynecological or rectal cancer in the study group and 72 females without any cancer in the comparison group completed seven structured questionnaires. For females in the study group, a significant negative relationship existed between time since surgery and anxiety and depression, between the number of cancer treatments and female sexual function, and between performance status and anxiety and depression. In addition, a significant positive relationship existed between performance status and sexual relationship power and between the number of cancer treatments and sexual satisfaction. Further, body image was significantly related to anxiety and depression, sexual relationship power, sexual self-schema, and sexual satisfaction. The anxiety and depression factor was significantly linked with sexual relationship power, female sexual function, and sexual satisfaction. There was a significant negative relationship between sexual satisfaction and sexual relationship power and between sexual satisfaction and female sexual function. Also, females in the study group reported significantly worse sexual function and sexual satisfaction than females in the comparison group. A hierarchical multiple regression model accounted for 40% of the variance in female sexual function, and gynecological/rectal cancer, body image, and the interaction between sexual relationship power and sexual self-schema were three significant predictors. After controlling for gynecological/rectal cancer, body image, sexual relationship power, sexual self-schema, and the interaction term between sexual relationship power and sexual self-schema, female sexual function accounted for 17% of the variance in sexual satisfaction. In unsolicited comments, females in the study group described the changes in their sexual lives after surgery and treatments, emphasizing that sexual information should be provided promptly and effectively by health care providers. The study findings led to implications and recommendations for the conceptual framework, nursing practice, research, and education. / text

Submitted by Biblioteca da Faculdade de Farmácia (bff@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-03-27T18:04:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Capett, Muniqui Scharamm [Dissertação, 2014].pdf: 1658363 bytes, checksum: 4be51a47b3655224f5200be235524e5d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-27T18:04:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Capett, Muniqui Scharamm [Dissertação, 2014].pdf: 1658363 bytes, checksum: 4be51a47b3655224f5200be235524e5d (MD5) / Escherichia coli é o principal patógeno associado a infecções do trato urinário (ITU) em pacientes com câncer ginecológico. As taxas de resistência dessas bactérias às fluoroquinolonas parecem elevadas nessa população. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar geneticamente as cepas de E. coli obtidas de ITU de pacientes com câncer ginecológico, bem como estudar a resistência ao ciprofloxacino nestas cepas. Para tal, 77 cepas de E. coli resistentes e 38 sensíveis ao ciprofloxacino, foram avaliadas. A diversidade clonal das cepas foi determinada pela técnica de PFGE. A tipificação filogenética e a presença dos genes de virulência iucC, fyuA, hlyC e cnf1, foram avaliadas por PCR. O estudo da resistência ao ciprofloxacino foi realizado pela detecção dos genes qnrA, qnrB e qnrS, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, e qepA, utilizando PCR; e pelo sequenciamento dos genes da DNA Girase, gyrA e gyrB, e da Topoisomerase IV, parC e parE, em nove cepas resistentes, do grupo filogenético B2. Testes de Fisher ou Qui-quadrado foram utilizados para análise estatística. Os resultados demonstraram grande variação genética entre as cepas resistentes ao ciprofloxacino analisadas pelo PFGE, no entanto, o grupo filogenético B2 foi o prevalente, tanto na população resistente (46,8%) quanto na população de cepas sensíveis (65,8%) ao ciprofloxacino. As cepas sensíveis tiveram maior detecção dos genes hlyC, cnf1 e fyuA (p<0,0001; p<0,0001; p=0,0008, respectivamente). O grupo B2 apresentou maior número de genes de virulência e foi associado com a presença de fyuA (p= 0,0123) na população resistente, e cnf1 (p=0,0008) na população sensível. Dentre todas as cepas, hlyC (p= 0,0255), cnf1 (p=0,0003) e fyuA (p= 0,0004) foram mais presentes no grupo B2. Com relação à resistência ao ciprofloxacino, os genes qnrA e qepA não foram detectados e o gene qnrS foi encontrado em uma única cepa. Número maior de detecção (6/ 7,8%) deu-se com relação ao gene aac(6’)-Ib-cr; porém, a detecção do gene qnrB foi muito acima do esperado, sendo este gene encontrado em 26% das cepas resistentes e em 13,2% das cepas sensíveis. As mutações encontradas foram Ser-83-Leu e Asp-87-Asn em gyrA, Ser-80-Ile, Glu-84-Val e Glu-84-Lys em parC. O número de mutações não teve correlação direta com a concentração mínima inibitória (CMI) / Escherichia coli is the major pathogen associated with urinary tract infections (UTI) in patients with gynecological cancer. The resistant rates of these bacteria to fluoroquinolones seem to be high in this population. The aim of this study was to genetically characterize and study the resistance to ciprofloxacin in E. coli strains obtained from UTI patients with gynecological cancer. For this purpose, 77 ciprofloxacin-resistant and 38 ciprofloxacin-susceptible E. coli strains were evaluated. The clonal diversity of the strains was determined by PFGE. Phylogenetic typing and the presence of virulence genes iucC, fyuA, hlyC, cnf1, were analyzed by PCR. The study of resistance to ciprofloxacin was performed by detection of qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6’)-Ib-cr and qepA genes using PCR; and the sequencing of DNA Gyrase genes, gyrA and gyrB, and Topoisomerase IV, parC and parE in nine resistant strains of phylogenetic group B2. Fisher or Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis. The results showed large genetic variation among the ciprofloxacin-resistant strains analyzed by PFGE, however, the phylogenetic group B2 was the most prevalent in both the ciprofloxacin-resistant (46.8%) and ciprofloxacin-susceptible (65.8%) population of strains. The ciprofloxacin-sensitive strains had a greater detection of hlyC, cnf1 and fyuA (p<0.0001; p<0.0001; p=0.0008, respectively). The phylogenetic group B2 had a greater number of virulence genes and it was associated with the presence of fyuA (p= 0.0123) in the resistant population, and cnf1 (p=0.0008) in the sensitive population. Among all strains, hlyC (p= 0.0255), cnf1 (p=0.0003) and fyuA (p= 0.0004) were more present in phylogenetic group B2. Regarding to the ciprofloxacin-resistance, the qnrA and qepA genes were not detected, the qnrS gene was found in just one (1.3%) strain. A higher number of detection (6/ 7,8%) was found with respect to the aac(6’)-Ib-cr gene; however, the detection of the qnrB gene gene was far higher than expected, with this gene being noticed in 26% of resistant strains and 13.2% of susceptible strains. The mutations found were Ser-83-Leu and Asp-87-Asn in gyrA, Ser-80-Ile, Glu-84-Val and Glu-84-Lys in ParC. The number of mutations had no direct correlation with the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)

Bakgrund:Gynekologisk cancer är en cancerform som drabbar uppskattningsvis ca 3000 kvinnor i Sverige varje år. Att drabbas av en livshotande sjukdom som gynekologisk cancer kan ge upphov till en rad reaktioner, förändringar och behov. Det är därför av vikt för sjuksköterskan att förstå kvinnornas upplevelser och utefter detta kunna bistå kvinnorna den personcentrerade omvårdnaden som ligger inom sjuksköterskans kompetensområde. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser av att leva med gynekologisk cancer. Metod: En litteraturstudie utfördes baserat på tio kvalitativa artiklar där en analys genomfördes. Artikelsökningarna gjordes i databaserna Pubmed och Cinahl Complete.  Resultat: Analysen resulterade i tre huvudteman; Fysiska upplevelser, emotionella upplevelser och upplevelser av relationernas betydelse. Till dessa huvudteman identifierades tio underteman. Sammanfattning:Kvinnornas upplevelser med gynekologisk cancer beskrevs som fysiskt och psykiskt påfrestande. En rad förändringar beskrevs av kvinnorna efter insjuknandet, där både negativa och positiva aspekter framkom. Den gynekologiska cancerns behandling hade framförallt en negativ påverkan på kvinnornas fysiska hälsa vilket i sin tur påverkade den psykiska hälsan på olika plan. Kvinnorna hade också önskat ett annat bemötande från vårdpersonalen. Rädsla för död och återinsjuknande var andra aspekter som präglade deras upplevelser. Samtidigt beskrev kvinnorna hur insjuknandet lett till medvetandegörandet av hälsosammare vanor och livsstil, stärkta band till familj/vänner och en ny syn på livet. / Background: Gynecological cancer is a type of cancer that involves cancer in the female genitalia and occurs in approximately 3000 women in Sweden each year. To suffer from a life-threatening disease such as gynecological cancer can cause a series of reactions, changes and needs. It is therefore of importance for the nurse to understand the lived experiences of these women and based on that be able to assist them and give them person-centered care that lies within the nurses area of competence. Aim: To describe women’s experiences of living with gynecological cancer.Method:A literature review based on ten qualitative articles where an analysis was performed. Article searches were performed in the databases Pubmed and Cinahl Complete.   Results: The analysis resulted in three main themes; Physical experiences, emotional experiences and experiences of the importance of relationships. To the three main themes ten subthemes were identified.  Summary: The experiences the women had with gynecological cancer were described as psychically and emotionally strenuous. A series of changes were described by the women after falling ill, where both negative and positive aspects emerged. Mainly the treatments of the gynecological cancer had a negative impact on the women’s physical health which then led to a mentally impact on various levels. The women also had wished for another personal treatment from the health professionals, lack of empathy and information from their caregivers were described. A fear of death and recurrence were other aspects that had an impact on their experiences. At the same time the women described how the disease had led to awareness raising on healthier habits and lifestyles, strengthen bonds to family/friends and a new outlook on life.

Bakgrund: Vid gynekologisk cancer involveras organ som är relaterade till kvinnlighet och sexualliv. Sjukdomen och behandlingen kan innebära en negativ inverkan på kvinnans sexuella hälsa vilket är en viktig del av livet och kan ha en stor påverkan på livskvalitén. I sjuksköterskans profession ingår att främja och bevara patientens hälsa och därmed sexuell hälsa. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa kvinnors upplevelser av sexuell hälsa vid gynekologisk cancer. Metod: En litteraturstudie med en kvalitativ ansats baserad på en analys av 10 artiklar genomfördes. Resultat: Kvinnor drabbade av gynekologisk cancer upplevde att sjukdomen och dess behandlingar hade påverkan på den sexuella hälsa. Sex teman identifierades, varav brist på information var det mest framträdande. Slutsats: Kvinnor drabbade av gynekologisk cancer upplevde flera hinder för att uppnå en tillfredsställande sexuell hälsa. Det främsta hindret och den gemensamma nämnaren, var bristen på information om hur behandlingar och dess biverkningar påverkade den sexuella hälsan, vilket medförde onödigt lidande och försämrad livskvalité. Klinisk betydelse: En ökad förståelse av kvinnornas upplevelser kan hjälpa sjuksköterskor att tillgodose en omvårdnad innefattande flera aspekter av sjukdomen, såsom sexuell hälsa. På grund av ämnets känsliga natur behöver det lyftas i grundutbildningen för sjuksköterskor, så att studenterna skall bli bekanta med och känna sig bekväma med ämnet så att det ska bli en naturlig del i den kliniska omvårdnaden. PLISSIT-modellen bör implementeras som ett verktyg för sjuksköterskor att använda vid samtal med patienter om sexuell hälsa. / Background: Gynecological cancer involves organs related to femininity and sexual life. The disease and treatment can have a negative impact on the woman's sexual health, which is an important part of life and can have a major impact on quality of life. The nurse´s profession includes promoting and preserving the health of the patient and thus the sexual health. Aim: The aim of this study was to highlight women's experiences of sexual health in gynecological cancer. Method: A literature review was conducted with a qualitative approach based on an analysis of 10 articles. Results: Women suffering from gynecological cancer experienced that the disease and its treatments had an impact on their sexual health. Six themes were identified of which, lack of information was the most prominent. Conclusion: Women with gynecological cancer experienced several obstacles to achieve satisfactory sexual health. The main obstacle and the common denominator was the lack of information on which impact treatments and their side effects had on sexual health, causing unnecessary suffering and impaired quality of life. Clinical suggestions: An increased understanding of women´s experiences can help nurses to meet the care, such as sexual health. Because of the sensitive nature of the topic, the authors consider that it needs to be emphasized in the nursing education, for students to become familiar with and feel comfortable with the topic to become an integrated part of clinical care. The PLISSIT-model should be implemented as an instrument for nurses to use in conversations with patients about sexual health.

Bakgrund: Sexualitet och sexuell hälsa har olika betydelse för varje individ. Vid gynekologisk cancer förändras upplevelsen av sin sexualitet på grund av kroppsliga förändringar som skapas vid behandling och som innebär både fysiska och psykiska konsekvenser på sexualiteten. Att drabbas av gynekologisk cancer kan skapa oro och funderingar kring individens existens samt oro inför förändringar på sexualitet och livsstil. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva kvinnors upplevelse av kommunikation om sexualitet i vården vid gynekologisk cancer. Metod: En litteraturöversikt där tio kvalitativa artiklar och en kvantitativ artikel har analyserats. Resultat: Tre teman framkom efter att ha analyserat artiklarna; när kommunikationen brister, skillnader i behov av information och vårdmiljöns påverkan på kommunikationen. Kvinnor upplever brist på kommunikation och information kring deras sexualitet när de drabbas av gynekologisk cancer. Diskussion: Det finns hjälpmedel för sjuksköterskor att tillhandahålla för att öka kommunikation om sexualitet. God kommunikation om sexualitet vid gynekologisk cancer leder till ett ökat välbefinnande, självförtroende och kunskap om sjukdomen. Konklusion: Kvinnor med gynekologisk cancer vårdas inte utifrån ett helhetsperspektiv. Kommunikationen och därmed informationen om sexualitet och sexuell hälsa är bristfällig och det leder till lidande och psykisk ohälsa. Detta bör uppmärksammas och det är ett område som behöver förbättras drastiskt. / Background: Sexuality and sexual health have a different meaning for each individual. Gynecological cancer can change the image of sexuality because of bodily changes created by the treatment and that involves both the physical and psychological impact. Suffering from gynecological cancer causes concerns about changes in sexuality, anxiety and existential questions. Aim: The aim of the study is to describe women's experience of communication about sexuality in their care during gynecological cancer.  Method: A literature review where ten qualitative articles and one quantitative article has been analyzed.  Result: Three themes emerged after analyzing the articles; when communication gaps, differences in information, and the environment ́s impact on communication. Women experience a lack of communication and information about sexuality in their healtcare.  Discussion: There are support-systems for nurses that can help them increase communication about sexuality. Good communication in gynecological cancer leads to increased well-being, confidence and knowledge about the disease. Conclusion: The care for women with gynaecological cancer is not based on a holistic perspective. The communication and information about sexuality and sexual health is poor and it leads to suffering and mental ilness. This should be adressed and it is an area of need that needs to be improved drastically.

2800 kvinnor i Sverige insjuknar i gynekologisk cancer årligen. Vanliga behandlingsmetoder är kirurgi, strål- och cytostatikabehandling. Behandlingarna har visat fysisk och psykisk påverkan och att kvinnor med gynekologisk cancer oroar sig i större grad än andra patienter med andra cancerformer. Syftet var att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser efter avslutad behandling av gynekologisk cancer. Uppsatsen genomfördes som en litteraturstudie där 12 artiklar analyserades. Resultatet visar att kvinnorna upplever att de fortfarande bär på sjukdomen efter behandlingen, på grund av behandlingarnas effekter på det vardagliga livet. Upplevelser av oro för återfall, förändrad kroppsbild, negativ påverkan på fertiliteten och bristfällig information av vårdpersonal var svårt att hantera. Fortsatta uppföljningar och utförligare information, angående symtom, biverkningar och behandlingar, av sjuksköterska hade varit fördelaktigt för kvinnorna för att minska oro och förbättra livskvaliteten.